Setup selenium with headless chrome error: WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally

Question

我正在尝试在以下环境中获取 selenium 运行无头 chrome：

OS: Ubuntu 16.04.6
Chrome：77.0.3865.90（正式版）（64 位）
ChromeDriver: 77.0.3865.40
Selenium 服务器版本：3.141.59，修订版：e82be7d358

我一直在 developer.google.com and followed the recommended Running Selenium with Headless Chrome post 上阅读它。我按照 ipython REPL:

中的步骤操作

from selenium import webdriver

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()

options.binary_location = '/usr/local/bin'

options.add_argument('headless')

options.add_argument('window-size=1200x600')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)

但这会导致以下错误：

WebDriverException                        Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-6-658404e774ae> in <module>()
----> 1 driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)

/home/user/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.pyc in __init__(self, executable_path, port, options, service_args, desired_capabilities, service_log_path, chrome_options, keep_alive)
     79                     remote_server_addr=self.service.service_url,
     80                     keep_alive=keep_alive),
---> 81                 desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
     82         except Exception:
     83             self.quit()

/home/user/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.pyc in __init__(self, command_executor, desired_capabilities, browser_profile, proxy, keep_alive, file_detector, options)
    155             warnings.warn("Please use FirefoxOptions to set browser profile",
    156                           DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
--> 157         self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
    158         self._switch_to = SwitchTo(self)
    159         self._mobile = Mobile(self)

/home/user/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.pyc in start_session(self, capabilities, browser_profile)
    250         parameters = {"capabilities": w3c_caps,
    251                       "desiredCapabilities": capabilities}
--> 252         response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
    253         if 'sessionId' not in response:
    254             response = response['value']

/home/user/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.pyc in execute(self, driver_command, params)
    319         response = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params)
    320         if response:
--> 321             self.error_handler.check_response(response)
    322             response['value'] = self._unwrap_value(
    323                 response.get('value', None))

/home/user/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.pyc in check_response(self, response)
    240                 alert_text = value['alert'].get('text')
    241             raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace, alert_text)
--> 242         raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
    243 
    244     def _value_or_default(self, obj, key, default):

WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/local/bin is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

我环顾四周并找到了答案。我在那里看到 'headless' 参数是这样传递的：add_argument("--headless")。我尝试用 '--' 添加它，但与结果相同。
在 this comment 中也推荐使用 --no-sandbox 参数，但是添加这个参数对我来说也没有任何改变。

如何调试和修复此错误？

根据旺卡的回答更新：

我已将 options.add_argument('headless') 更改为 options.add_argument('--headless')，将 options.add_argument('window-size=1200x600') 更改为 options.add_argument('--window-size=1200x600')，但出现与上述相同的错误。

然后按照建议，我尝试在 driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options) 之后设置分辨率，但是这一行已经失败了。

Answer 1

多处更改，完整路径

#Pass binary on init object
##options.binary_location = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver'

options.add_argument('--headless')

我的代码的额外选项

options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")

编辑2：

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options, executable_path="/usr/local/bin/chromedriver")

为了设置分辨率，我在初始化驱动程序对象后使用它

driver.set_window_size(1280, 1024)

Setup selenium with headless chrome error: WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally