如何在设备启动时启动 android 应用程序？

Question

我需要启动 android 前台服务，并在设备启动时从该服务启动 activity。我广泛搜索了网络和 Whosebug 并尝试了不同的建议，但很奇怪我无法使用此功能。

我不明白我做错了什么。

下面是我项目的代码和清单文件的内容。

我做错了什么以及如何解决它，在大多数 android 设备上工作的功能？

这是我的 AndroidManifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="kor.location.tracker">


    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" ></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>


    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <receiver android:name="kor.location.tracker.AutoStart">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>


        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>


        <service android:enabled="true"
            android:name="kor.location.tracker.WorkerService"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"
            />

    </application>

</manifest>

这是我的 Austostart.java:

package kor.location.tracker;


import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Build;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class AutoStart  extends BroadcastReceiver
    {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent arg1)
        {

            try {
                System.out.println("test1");
                if (Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED.equals(arg1.getAction())) {
                    System.out.println("test2");
                    WorkerService.enqueueWork(context, new Intent());
                    System.out.println("test3");
                }

            }catch(Exception ex) {

                Toast.makeText(context, ex.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            /*
            Intent intent = new Intent(context, WorkerService.class);
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
                context.startForegroundService(intent);
            } else {
                context.startService(intent);
            }
            Log.i("Autostart", "started");

             */
        }
    }

这是我的服务classWorkerService.java:

package kor.location.tracker;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.core.app.JobIntentService;

public class WorkerService  extends JobIntentService
{

    public static void enqueueWork(Context context, Intent work) {
        enqueueWork(context, WorkerService.class, 104501, work);
    }
/*
    private static final String TAG = "MyService";
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }
    public void onDestroy() {
        Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Stopped", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy");
    }
*/
    @Override
    protected void onHandleWork(@NonNull Intent intent) {
        Intent intents = new Intent(getBaseContext(),MainActivity.class);
        intents.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        startActivity(intents);
        //Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Started", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        //Log.d(TAG, "onStart");
    }
/*
    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent, int startid)
    {
        final LocationListener mLocationListener = new LocationListener() {
            @Override
            public void onLocationChanged(final Location location) {
                //your code here
                String kuku = location.getLatitude() + "=" + location.getLongitude();
                Toast.makeText(WorkerService.this, kuku, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                Log.d(TAG, kuku);

                ;
                ;
                location.getAltitude();
                location.getSpeed();
            }

            @Override
            public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

            }
        };

        LocationManager mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);


        try {

            mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 60000,
                    1, mLocationListener);

        }catch (SecurityException ex){

            Toast.makeText(this, ex.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            Log.d(TAG, ex.getMessage());
        }


        Intent intents = new Intent(getBaseContext(),MainActivity.class);
        intents.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        startActivity(intents);
        Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Started", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart");
    }
    */
}

这是我的 activity 尚未启动：

package kor.location.tracker;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.nfc.Tag;
import android.os.Bundle;

import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
import com.google.android.material.snackbar.Snackbar;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;

import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        FloatingActionButton fab = findViewById(R.id.fab);
        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                        .setAction("Action", null).show();
            }
        });

        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Hello........", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();


        List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<String>();

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.INTERNET) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.INTERNET);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE);
        }

        if(permissions.size()>0) {

            String[] arr = new String[permissions.size()];
            permissions.toArray(arr);
            //System.out.println();
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, arr, 1);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

Answer 1

1- 对于从后台启动 Activity 的问题

在 API29 Android 中受到限制，从后台启动 activity。前台服务也被视为后台进程。如果您在 Android 10.

中测试它，您的 activity 可能会受到此限制的影响

Android Q 限制：https://developer.android.com/guide/components/activities/background-starts

可能的解决方案：

2- 一些品牌限制应用程序在开机时启动以增加设备的启动时间。所以应用程序需要独占权限才能在开机启动。

可能的解决方案（以编程方式）：

对于小米，从设置中启用自动启动 https://dontkillmyapp.com/xiaomi

Answer 2

检查这个。通过这种方式，您想要实现的目标应该可行。如果不能，则应遵循日志以找出问题所在。

  public class AutoStart  extends BroadcastReceiver
        {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent arg1)
            {

                try {
                    Intent intent = new Intent(context, WorkerService.class);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            context.startForegroundService(intent);
        } else {
            context.startService(intent);

                    }

                }catch(Exception ex) {

                    Toast.makeText(context, ex.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
}
}

服役中

public class WorkerService extends Service {
    public static final String CHANNEL_ID = "ForegroundServiceChannel";
    public static final String NEW_CHANNEL_ID = "AndroidForegroundServiceChannel";

    Notification notification;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();

        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
        {createNotificationChannel();  //for Android Oreo above notification channel mandatory }
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

        try {  

            if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
            {// if Android 10 create a pending intent and a full screen notification

    Intent fullScreenIntent = new Intent(this, "Your Activity".class);
    PendingIntent fullScreenPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 2022,
            fullScreenIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); // For the activity opening when notification cliced

    notification= new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, NEW_CHANNEL_ID)
            .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification)
            .setContentTitle("Notification title")
            .setContentText("Notification Text")
            .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_HIGH)
            .setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_REMINDER)
            .setFullScreenIntent(fullScreenPendingIntent, true)
            .build();

    startForeground(2, notification);
}
            else
            {
//if below Android 10 created a notification for foreground service because it is mandatory
            Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, Your Activity.class);
            PendingIntent pendingNotificationIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0022,
                    notificationIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

            notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
                    .setContentText("Foreground Service")
                    .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification)
                    .setSound(null)
                    .setContentIntent(pendingNotificationIntent)
                    .build();

             //for below Android 10 started activity
                    Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), Your Activity.class);
                    i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
                    i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
                    i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);                     
                    getApplicationContext().startActivity(i);
                }


            startForeground(1, notification);
        }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Foreground Service fault", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return START_NOT_STICKY;
    }
   private void createNotificationChannel() {

      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
            NotificationChannel serviceChannel = new NotificationChannel(
                    NEW_CHANNEL_ID,
                    "Android Foreground Service Channel",
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH
            );

            serviceChannel.setSound(null,null);
            NotificationManager manager = getSystemService(NotificationManager.class);
            manager.createNotificationChannel(serviceChannel);

        }

      else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            NotificationChannel serviceChannel = new NotificationChannel(
                    CHANNEL_ID,
                    "Foreground Service Channel",
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT
            );

            serviceChannel.setSound(null,null);
            NotificationManager manager = getSystemService(NotificationManager.class);
            manager.createNotificationChannel(serviceChannel);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

Answer 3

我在清单文件中添加启动权限后（见下面的代码），BroadcastReceiver 开始获取启动完成事件，服务启动成功。为了使解决方案起作用（如@Eren Tüfekçi 所建议），我必须在我的应用程序的 phone 设置中启用自动启动权限。如果有人有解决方案，如何以编程方式启用它，请告诉我们。谢谢。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="kor.location.tracker">


    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" ></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>


    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <receiver android:name="kor.location.tracker.AutoStart"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter android:directBootAware="true">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.QUICKBOOT_POWERON" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.REBOOT"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>


        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>


        <service android:enabled="true"
            android:name="kor.location.tracker.WorkerService"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"
            />

    </application>

</manifest>

Answer 4

我仍然可以在开机时启动该应用程序。（目标 API 29）。通过使用带有意图 ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED.

的广播接收器

在 phone 的 Honor 品牌上将 android 更新到版本 9 后我遇到的问题是引入高级应用程序管理可能是为了节省电池电量，这导致我的应用程序无法在第一时间接收到广播地点。

转到“设置”>“电池”>“应用启动”> 转到您的应用并取消选中“自动管理”> 并确保“Auto-launch”、“二次启动”、“运行在后台”已选中并且 select“确定”

重新启动您的 phone 并检查应用程序是否在启动时启动。希望这对其他人有帮助。

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