如何将因子列更改为数字列

How to change factor columns to numeric columns

我有一个包含因子列的数据框,我需要将它们更改为数字。

head(IBOV)
          Date      Price       Open       High        Low  Vol. Change..
1 Oct 18, 2019 104,784.74 105,011.71 105,464.25 104,524.97 2.84M   -0.22%
2 Oct 17, 2019 105,015.77 105,388.63 105,891.19 104,826.61 4.19M   -0.39%
3 Oct 16, 2019 105,422.80 104,485.87 105,462.07 103,521.08 4.51M    0.89%
4 Oct 15, 2019 104,489.56 104,298.53 105,047.62 104,052.48 4.09M    0.18%
5 Oct 14, 2019 104,301.58 103,833.59 104,304.85 103,438.47 2.99M    0.45%
6 Oct 11, 2019 103,831.92 101,818.60 104,380.89 101,818.60 4.35M    1.98%

我尝试使用以下代码将第 2 列更改为第 5 列:

IBOV[ ,2:5] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "", IBOV[ ,2:5]))

但是 returns 它们都是 NA,并且这条消息:

IBOV[2:5] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "",IBOV[2:5])) 警告信息: 强制引入的 NA

head(IBOV) Date Price Open High Low Vol. Change.. 1 Oct 18, 2019 NA NA NA NA 2.84M -0.22% 2 Oct 17, 2019 NA NA NA NA 4.19M -0.39% 3 Oct 16, 2019 NA NA NA NA 4.51M 0.89% 4 Oct 15, 2019 NA NA NA NA 4.09M 0.18% 5 Oct 14, 2019 NA NA NA NA 2.99M 0.45% 6 Oct 11, 2019 NA NA NA NA 4.35M 1.98%

我做错了什么?

这样进行:

第 1 步:您的数据(在没有可重现数据的情况下,这里有一些模拟数据):

set.seed(12)
df <- data.frame(
  var1 = sample(1:10, 3),
  var2 = c("2,130.34", "1,000.01", "20,999.55"),
  var3 = c("23%", "-1.45%", "12.88%")
)
df
  var1      var2   var3
1    1  2,130.34    23%
2    8  1,000.01 -1.45%
3    9 20,999.55 12.88%

第 2 步:str 表明您有两个因素:

str(df)
'data.frame':   3 obs. of  3 variables:
 $ var1: int  1 8 9
 $ var2: Factor w/ 3 levels "1,000.01","2,130.34",..: 2 1 3
 $ var3: Factor w/ 3 levels "-1.45%","12.88%",..: 3 1 2

第 3 步:使用 lapply:

将因子转换为字符
df[,2:3] <- lapply(df[,2:3], as.character)

第 4 步:删除逗号和百分号:

df[,2:3] <- lapply(df[,2:3], function(x) gsub(",|%", "", x))
df
  var1     var2  var3
1    1  2130.34    23
2    8  1000.01 -1.45
3    9 20999.55 12.88

第 5 步:转换为数字:

df[,2:3] <- lapply(df[,2:3], as.numeric)

第 6 步:检查转换:

(str(df)
'data.frame':   3 obs. of  3 variables:
 $ var1: int  1 8 9
 $ var2: num  2130 1000 21000
 $ var3: num  23 -1.45 12.88