如何使用 mysql 中的 laravel 迁移将数据库列 'null' 更改为 'nullable'?

How to change database column 'null' to 'nullable' using laravel migration in mysql?

这是我的车辆table。我想使用迁移

来更改我的数据库结构

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateVehiclesTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('image')->nullable();
            $table->string('reg_no')->unique();
            $table->string('fuel_type');
            $table->string('capacity');
            $table->double('rate');
            $table->boolean('req_carrier');
            $table->date('service_date');
            $table->integer('service_freq_km');
            $table->integer('service_freq_months');
            $table->date('insurance_date');
            $table->integer('insurance_freq_months');
            $table->date('eco_date');
            $table->integer('eco_freq_months');
            $table->date('licence_date');
            $table->integer('licence_freq_months');
            $table->integer('current_company');
            $table->string('status')->default("available");
            $table->timestampsTz();

        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('vehicles');
    }
}

我想为这些列提供可为空的值。 1.service_date 2.service_freq_km 3.service_freq_months

如何在 mysql 中将这些列更改为可为空?

为 alter table 创建新的迁移 class 并使用这个 up 函数

public function up()
{
    Schema::table('vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->date('service_date')->nullable();
        $table->integer('service_freq_km')->nullable();
        $table->integer('service_freq_months')->nullable();

   });
}

Schema::table 用于改变 table 和 Schema::create 用于创建新的 table

您需要创建名为“2019_10_24_00000_update_vehicle_tables”的新迁移文件

if(Schema::hasTable('vehicles')) {
    Schema::table('vehicles', function($table)
    {
        $table->date('service_date')->nullable();
        $table->integer('service_freq_km')->nullable();
        $table->integer('service_freq_months')->nullable();
    });
}

安装包以更新表格composer require doctrine/dbal

由于您已经迁移了迁移文件,现在您需要使用 artisan 命令创建一个新的迁移文件:

php artisan make:migration change_nullable_field_columns_to_vehicles_tables --table=vehicles

在新建的迁移文件中,添加如下代码

public function up() {
        Schema::table('vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->date('service_date')->nullable()->change();
            $table->integer('service_freq_km')->nullable()->change();
            $table->integer('service_freq_months')->nullable()->change();
        });
    }

//对于phpartisan向下

public function down(){
            Schema::table('vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
                $table->date('service_date')->nullable(false)->change();
                $table->integer('service_freq_km')->nullable(false)->change();
                $table->integer('service_freq_months')->nullable(false)->change();
            });
}

现在可以执行迁移命令了

php artisan migrate

您可以阅读有关 Modifying Columns 的文档。

如果你想要这些功能,你需要先安装这个包:

composer require doctrine/dbal

然后,您需要创建另一个迁移,例如:

2019_10_24_xxxxxx_change_columns_to_nullable_in_vehicles.php

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

class ChangeColumnsToNullableInVehicles extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::table('vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->date('service_date')->nullable()->change();
            $table->integer('service_freq_km')->nullable()->change();
            $table->integer('service_freq_months')->nullable()->change();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::table('vehicles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->date('service_date')->nullable(false)->change();
            $table->integer('service_freq_km')->nullable(false)->change();
            $table->integer('service_freq_months')->nullable(false)->change();
        });
    }
}
$table->string('first_name')->default('DEFAULT');

如果默认值应该为 null,请将其设为可为 null。

$table->string('name')->nullable();

$table->string('name')->nullable()->default('NULL');

$table->string('name')->nullable()->default(NULL);

$table->string('name')->nullable()->default();