Illuminate me - 在此代码的 Lumen 中获取功能

Question

我正在学习 lumen，从未使用过它或它的老大哥 laravel。不过，我编写代码 "vanilla" PhP 大约 1 1/2 年，并且我熟悉 PDO 请求的功能，例如。

所以我正在使用本教程： https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Oxfb_HNY0U

在我创建我的数据库后，到目前为止只有 table "articles" 和 6 列，我尝试了教程中的以下代码：

web.php（位于 "routes" 文件夹内）：

<?php

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Application Routes
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here is where you can register all of the routes for an application.
| It is a breeze. Simply tell Lumen the URIs it should respond to
| and give it the Closure to call when that URI is requested.
|
*/

$router->get('/', function () use ($router) {
    return $router->app->version();
});


$router->group(['prefix' => 'api'], function($router){
  $router->get('articles', 'ArticleController@showAllArticles');
});


$router->get('foo', function () {
    return 'Hello World';
});

$router->post('foo', function () {
    //
});

app.php（位于"bootstrap"内）：

<?php

require_once __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php';

(new Laravel\Lumen\Bootstrap\LoadEnvironmentVariables(
    dirname(__DIR__)
))->bootstrap();

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Create The Application
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here we will load the environment and create the application instance
| that serves as the central piece of this framework. We'll use this
| application as an "IoC" container and router for this framework.
|
*/

$app = new Laravel\Lumen\Application(
    dirname(__DIR__)
);

// $app->withFacades();
 $app->withEloquent();

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Register Container Bindings
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Now we will register a few bindings in the service container. We will
| register the exception handler and the console kernel. You may add
| your own bindings here if you like or you can make another file.
|
*/

$app->singleton(
    Illuminate\Contracts\Debug\ExceptionHandler::class,
    App\Exceptions\Handler::class
);

$app->singleton(
    Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel::class,
    App\Console\Kernel::class
);

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Register Middleware
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Next, we will register the middleware with the application. These can
| be global middleware that run before and after each request into a
| route or middleware that'll be assigned to some specific routes.
|
*/

// $app->middleware([
//     App\Http\Middleware\ExampleMiddleware::class
// ]);

// $app->routeMiddleware([
//     'auth' => App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
// ]);

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Register Service Providers
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here we will register all of the application's service providers which
| are used to bind services into the container. Service providers are
| totally optional, so you are not required to uncomment this line.
|
*/

// $app->register(App\Providers\AppServiceProvider::class);
// $app->register(App\Providers\AuthServiceProvider::class);
// $app->register(App\Providers\EventServiceProvider::class);

/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Load The Application Routes
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Next we will include the routes file so that they can all be added to
| the application. This will provide all of the URLs the application
| can respond to, as well as the controllers that may handle them.
|
*/

$app->router->group([
    'namespace' => 'App\Http\Controllers',
], function ($router) {
    require __DIR__.'/../routes/web.php';
});

return $app;

Article.php（位于 "app" 文件夹内）：

<?php

namespace App;


use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model
{

    protected $fillable = [
        'title', 'description','status'
    ];


}

ArticleController.php（居住在\Http\Controllers）

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Article;
use Illuminate\Http\Requests;
class ArticleController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Create a new controller instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        //
    }

    //

    public function showAllArticles(){
      return response()->json(Article::all());
    }
}

现在令人困惑的是这个语法是如何工作的：

return response()->json(Article::all());

来自 ArticleController.php。

据我了解，此函数的调用已在 web.php 中定义为：

$router->group(['prefix' => 'api'], function($router){
  $router->get('articles', 'ArticleController@showAllArticles');
});

这里定义了要访问的table，然后还定义了处理来自数据库的响应的函数。到目前为止，我认为 "good to go" 我很漂亮。

但是当我现在尝试 "translate" 这个框架语法到它的 PHP 关联时，我感到困惑。什么作用：

Article::all()

里面

return response()->json(Article::all());

做什么？什么是文章？我想这是 table 文章中的一行。这里的命名是任意的，不是吗？然后 "all()"。我想到的第一个猜测是 PDO 等价物 "fetchAll()"。真的吗？如果我在基于 PDO 的数据库查询中使用 fetchAll()，行为是否相同？语法本身有点直观，但它仍然为不同的解释留有空间。由于 Article（我认为它是响应中的一行）是 "piped" 到 "all()" 函数，所以 all() 也可以做一些与始终应用的 "fetchAll()" 不同的事情查询的完整结果，而不仅仅是单个结果集（=行）。

此外，有没有人知道 Lumen 的好教程？只使用官方文档真的很糟糕，因为框架是如此模块化，只是阅读不同的部分并不能帮助我建立一个小的测试项目，从中我可以学习如何实际使用框架，而不仅仅是描述它......

Answer 1

Laravel 和 Lumen 都使用 Eloquent 模型，这就是你的 Article，Eloquent model.

Models allow you to query for data in your tables, as well as insert new records into the table.

Article::all()return一个Eloquent collection.

Eloquent collections are an extension of Laravel's Collection class with some handy methods for dealing with query results. The Collection class itself, is merely a wrapper for an array of objects, but has a bunch of other interesting methods to help you pluck items out of the array.

return response()->json(Article::all()); 你所说的是 return 来自端点的所有文章的响应。 Articles 最初是一个集合，但它被转换为一个数组，然后在前端被转换为 json。

基本上 Eloquent 构建查询并插入数据库真的很容易，只需一个简单的查询，例如：

$article = Article::create(['title' => 'My New Article', 'slug' => 'my-new-article']);

您现在可以访问整篇文章并与之相关联等。或者您可以通过执行以下操作来查询整个结果集...

$articles = Article::query()->where('slug', 'my-new-article')->first();

至于推荐网站，您可能应该看看 Laracasts 的 Laravel 从头开始系列，可以找到 here. Don't worry about it being 5.7 as then you can watch the Laravel 6.0 from scratch here.

这是我访问任何内容的站点 Laravel，Jeffery Way（主持人）解释了任何人都能理解的内容。

在一个 Stack Overflow 中解释得太多了 post 但我非常乐意在讨论中进一步讨论。

我希望这对您有所帮助，并为您提供了一些您可以进一步研究的链接。

Illuminate me - 在此代码的 Lumen 中获取功能

Illuminate me - get functionality in Lumen of this code

laravel

lumen