ASP.NET 测试 Api 控制器：Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl()...) returns null

Question

我正在测试一个 ASP.NET 核心 Api post 方法，但是我得到一个 System.NullReferenceException 导致我的测试失败。

当我尝试 return a Created()-ActionResult 时出现 null 异常，如下所示：

return Created(new Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl() + "/" + personDto.Id), personDto);

我的 personDto.Id 和 personDto 都不为空，但是 Uri() return 的结果为空。我用谷歌搜索但没有找到解决方案，但我相信我必须以某种方式模拟 Uri() 方法（我是测试新手，一般来说 asp.net）。 Api 在 "live" 针对 SQL 服务器进行测试时运行良好。

我正在使用 Moq 和 NUnit 进行测试，下面是我的设置和测试方法的一部分：

public void SetUp()
{
    _mapper = GenerateConcreteInstance();

    _personService = new Mock<IPersonService>();

    _personService.Setup(ps => ps.Create(It.IsAny<Person>())).Verifiable();

    _controller = new PeopleController(_personService.Object, _mapper);
}

[Test]
public void CreatePerson_WhenCalled_IsNotNull()
{
    var personDto = new PersonDto()
    {
        Id = 3,
        Firstname = "Karl",
        Lastname = "Karlsson",
        City = "Oslo",
        Email = "karl.karlsson@test.com"
    };

    var result = _controller.CreatePerson(personDto);

    var createdResult = result as CreatedResult;

    Assert.IsNotNull(createdResult);
}

我正在尝试测试的控制器：

[HttpPost]
public IActionResult CreatePerson(PersonDto personDto)
{
    if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        return BadRequest();

    var person = _mapper.Map<PersonDto, Person>(personDto);
    person.DateCreated = DateTime.Now;

    _personService.Create(person);
    _personService.Save();

    personDto.Id = person.Id;

    return Created(new Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl() + "/" + personDto.Id), personDto);
}

如何正确设置此测试以避免空异常？如果我的测试在任何其他方面都不好，将不胜感激有关如何解决此问题的任何帮助和一般指示。

更新

我把测试修改成这样了。我在正确的轨道上吗？

public void CreatePerson_WhenCalled_IsNotNull()
{
    var personDto = new PersonDto()
    {
        Id = 3,
        Firstname = "Karl",
        Lastname = "Karlsson",
        City = "Oslo",
        Email = "karl.karlsson@test.com"
    };

    var request = new Mock<HttpRequest>();
    request.Setup(x => x.Headers).Returns(
        new HeaderDictionary {
        {"X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest"}
    });


    var context = new Mock<HttpContext>();
    context.Setup(x => x.Request).Returns(request.Object);

    _controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext()
    {
        HttpContext = context.Object
    };

    var result = _controller.CreatePerson(personDto);

    var createdResult = result as CreatedResult;

    Assert.IsNotNull(createdResult);
}

Answer 1

Request.GetEncodedUrl() 扩展依赖于有效请求。

/// <summary>
/// Returns the combined components of the request URL in a fully escaped form suitable for use in HTTP headers
/// and other HTTP operations.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request">The request to assemble the uri pieces from.</param>
/// <returns>The encoded string version of the URL from <paramref name="request"/>.</returns>
public static string GetEncodedUrl(this HttpRequest request)
{
    return BuildAbsolute(request.Scheme, request.Host, request.PathBase, request.Path, request.QueryString);
}

Source

哪个会失败

if (scheme == null)
{
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(scheme));
}

Source

没有与显示的示例关联的上下文或请求，因此我建议提供一个有效的上下文，其中填充了必要的成员，以便按预期执行测试。

//...omitted for brevity

var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
//http://localhost/example
httpContext.Request.Scheme = "http";
httpContext.Request.Host = new HostString("localhost");

//Controller needs a controller context 
var controllerContext = new ControllerContext() {
    HttpContext = httpContext,
};
//assign context to controller
_controller.ControllerContext = controllerContext;

//...omitted for brevity

ASP.NET 测试 Api 控制器：Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl()...) returns null

ASP.NET Testing Api controller: Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl()...) returns null

c#

asp.net

testing

moq

asp.net-apicontroller