使用指针和 offsetof() 访问结构的正确方法是什么

What is correct way to access a struct using pointer and offsetof()

我有以下代码,以便能够访问结构数组中的多个字段(为简单起见,我已将其减少为两个)。最终指针计算的正确咒语是什么 *(ptr + offset) = data; 因为我总是得到:

错误:从类型“int32_t”{又名“int”}

分配给类型“struct osc_in_data”时类型不兼容
#define NumHarmonics   10

int32_t data1;
int32_t data2;



struct osc_in_data                                                           
{
    int32_t     LevelAttackRate;                                                
    int64_t     LevelPeakLevel;                                                 
    int32_t     LevelDecayRate;                                                 
} OscControl[NumHarmonics];



void SetADSRvalues(int32_t offset, int32_t data)
{
    int32_t harmonic;
    struct osc_in_data *ptr;
    for (harmonic = 0; harmonic < NumHarmonics; harmonic++)
    {
       ptr = &OscControl[harmonic];
       *(ptr + offset) = data;
    }
} 


SetADSRvalues(offsetof(struct osc_in_data, LevelAttackRate), data1)
SetADSRvalues(offsetof(struct osc_in_data, LevelDecayRate), data2)

成员具有 int32_t 类型,因此指向它们的指针是 int32_t*

offsetof(...) 只是以字节为单位的偏移量。因此,您只需将指针指向要修改的成员的结构。然后使用普通加法将偏移量添加到指针,并记住使用 char* 指针一次添加一个字节。然后只需将指针转换为正确的类型并取消引用并访问它。

void SetADSRvalues(size_t offset, int32_t data)
{
    for (size_t harmonic = 0; harmonic < NumHarmonics; harmonic++) {
          // take the pointer to the structure we want to modify
          void *base = &OscControl[harmonic];
          // arithmetic using void* pointers is invalid
          // so convert to `char*` pointer before arithmetic
          char *basechar = base;
          // then add the offset - just plain addition
          // results in the address of the member inside the struct
          void *memberpnt = basechar + offset;
          // the member is `int32_t`, so the pointer has to be `int32_t*`
          int32_t *memberpnt_int32 = memberpnt;
          // finally set the value
          *memberpnt_int32 = data;

          // or a oneliner version:
          *(int32_t*)((char*)&OscControl[harmonic] + offset) = data;
    }
} 

offsetoff 函数告诉您同一结构内 2 个内存地址之间的字节距离。

使用下面的代码,

   *(ptr + offset) = data;

struct osc_in_data指针进行指针运算,与ptr[offset] = data;

相同

您可以尝试的是。

memcpy((char *)ptr + offset, data, sizeof data);