模拟服务不使用构造函数与 Autowire 但使用 Java 方法

Question

我想编辑此代码以使用模拟服务。此代码运行良好：

@Service
public class BinCountryCheckFilterImpl {

    private RiskFilterService riskFilterService;
    private Terminals terminal;

    @Autowired
    public BinCountryCheckFilterImpl(Terminals terminal, RiskFilterService riskFilterService) {  
        this.terminal = terminal;
        this.riskFilterService = riskFilterService;
    }

    public void validateBinCountryCheckFilter(Terminals terminal) throws JAXBException, JsonProcessingException {

        List<RiskFilters> filter_list = riskFilterService.findRiskFiltersByTerminalIdAndType(terminal.getId(), "BinCountryCheckFilter");
    }
}

JUnit 测试：

public class BinCountryCheckFilterImplTest    {

    @Test
    public void testBinCountryCheckFilterImpl() throws JsonProcessingException, JAXBException {
        //Arrange
        RiskFilterService riskFilterService = Mockito.mock(RiskFilterService.class);
        Terminals terminal = Mockito.mock(Terminals.class);

        BDDMockito.given(
            riskFilterService.findRiskFiltersByTerminalIdAndType(anyInt(), anyString()))
            .willReturn(riskFiltersList);

        int expectedInt = 11;
        String expectedString = "BinCountryCheckFilter";

        when(terminal.getId()).thenReturn(expectedInt);

        BinCountryCheckFilterImpl binCountryCheckFilterImpl = 
            new BinCountryCheckFilterImpl(terminal, riskFilterService);

        //Act
        binCountryCheckFilterImpl.validateBinCountryCheckFilter();

        //Assert
        then(riskFilterService)
          .should()
          .findRiskFiltersByTerminalIdAndType(expectedInt, expectedString);
    }    
}

此代码无效：

    @Service
public class BinCountryCheckFilterImpl {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("riskFilterService")
    private RiskFilterService riskFilterService;

    public Response validateBinCountryCheckFilter(Merchants merchant, Contracts contract, Terminals terminal,
              PaymentTransaction message, HttpServletRequest request) throws JAXBException, JsonProcessingException {
               ...........

    }

}

出于某种原因，当我运行 JUnit 测试时riskFilterService in null。有什么方法可以正确地使用 JUnit 测试实现服务吗？在我的例子中，我不想从构造函数调用 terminal，而是从 Java 方法 validateBinCountryCheckFilter(...) 和 riskFilterService 作为自动装配服务。

单例 bean BinCountryCheckFilterImpl 不能将每个请求的值终端作为字段，即在部署代码但它正在使用 JUnit 测试时作为构造函数的参数。如果必须将终端值作为方法参数传递，则 JUnit 代码不会运行.

请问有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

我假设您使用的是 JUnit4。最简单的方法是像这样使用 MockitoJUnitRunner：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class BinCountryCheckFilterImplTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private BinCountryCheckFilterImpl binCountryCheckFilter;

    @Mock
    private RiskFilterService riskFilterService;


    @Test
    public void testBinCountryCheckFilterImpl() {
        // test content
    }

}

要使用 JUnit 5，您需要将 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class) 更改为 @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)。当然，使用 @Test 之类的任何其他内容也需要来自 JUnit 5。但是，Mockito @InjectMocks 和 @Mock 注释与 JUnit 4 相同。

但是，您也可以在使用模拟服务调用构造函数后使用 Spring org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils 来设置字段。我更喜欢第一种方法而不是反射，但这更接近您当前的代码。

riskFilterService = Mockito.mock(RiskFilterService.class);
binCountryCheckFilter = new BinCountryCheckFilterImpl();
ReflectionTestUtils.setField(binCountryCheckFilter, "riskFilterService", riskFilterService);

Answer 2

将现有代码更改为：

public class BinCountryCheckFilterImpl {
    private final RiskFilterService riskFilterService;

    public BinCountryCheckFilterImpl(@Qualifier("riskFilterService") RiskFilterService riskFilterService) {
        this.riskFilterService = riskFilterService;
    }


    public void validateBinCountryCheckFilter(......) throws JAXBException, JsonProcessingException {
                   .........................
        }
}

模拟服务不使用构造函数与 Autowire 但使用 Java 方法

Mock Service without using constructor with Autowire but use Java method

java

junit

spring

spring-boot

junit5