SQL 查询含有这些成分的食谱）但不是这些成分）

Question

我正在为用户可以查询的食谱网站做一个高级搜索功能；

食谱含有某些成分（最多 3 种成分）
食谱不含某些成分（最多 3 种成分）
在特定的烹饪时间下

以上几点可以在用户查询中结合在一起。

我已经完成了一半，我可以查询包含指定成分并在一定时间内烹制的食谱。

这是我的数据库结构；

Table：食谱

Recipe_ID、Recipe_Name、Cooking_time

Table：成分

Ingredient_ID、Ingredient_Name

Table: Recipe_Ingredients

食谱_Ingredient_ID、Ingredient_ID、Recipe_ID

这是我目前的 SQL 查询；

SELECT count(*) as rowcount, r.Recipe_name
FROM Recipes AS r
INNER JOIN Recipe_Ingredients AS ri 
ON r.Recipe_ID = ri.Recipe_ID
INNER JOIN Ingredients AS i
ON ri.Ingredient_ID = i.Ingredient_ID 
AND i.Ingredient_Name IN ('penne','onion')
AND r.Cooking_time < 60
GROUP BY r.Recipe_name HAVING rowcount = 2;

他们将获得包含 'penne' 和 'onion' 并在 60 分钟内完成烹饪的食谱。

我想不通的是如何按照下面的方式查询食谱；

包含 'penne' 和 'onion'
不包含'butter'
在 'less than 60 minutes'

我试过下面的代码，但它不起作用；

SELECT count(*) as rowcount, r.Recipe_name
FROM Recipes AS r
INNER JOIN Recipe_Ingredients AS ri 
ON r.Recipe_ID = ri.Recipe_ID
INNER JOIN Ingredients AS i
ON ri.Ingredient_ID = i.Ingredient_ID 
AND i.Ingredient_Name IN ('penne','onion')
AND i.Ingredient_Name NOT IN ('butter')
AND r.Cooking_time < 60
GROUP BY r.Recipe_name HAVING rowcount = 2;

非常感谢任何帮助！

谢谢。

Answer 1

在子查询中使用 NOT EXIST 子句：

NOT EXISTS(
  SELECT 1 FROM Ingredients i
  WHERE ri.Ingredient_ID = i.Ingredient_ID 
  AND i.Ingredient_Name  IN ('butter')
)

完整查询：

SELECT count(*) as rowcount, r.Recipe_name
FROM Recipes AS r
INNER JOIN Recipe_Ingredients AS ri 
ON r.Recipe_ID = ri.Recipe_ID
INNER JOIN Ingredients AS i
ON ri.Ingredient_ID = i.Ingredient_ID 
AND i.Ingredient_Name IN ('penne','onion')
AND     NOT EXISTS(
  SELECT 1 FROM Ingredients i
  WHERE ri.Ingredient_ID = i.Ingredient_ID 
  AND i.Ingredient_Name  IN ('butter')
)
AND r.Cooking_time < 60
GROUP BY r.Recipe_name HAVING rowcount = 2;

Answer 2

您可以使用

SELECT r.Recipe_name,
       r.Recipe_ID
FROM   Recipes AS r
       INNER JOIN Recipe_Ingredients AS ri
               ON r.Recipe_ID = ri.Recipe_ID
       INNER JOIN Ingredients AS i
               ON ri.Ingredient_ID = i.Ingredient_ID
WHERE  i.Ingredient_Name IN ( 'penne', 'onion', 'butter' )
       AND r.Cooking_time < 60
GROUP  BY r.Recipe_ID, /*<-- In case two recipes with same name*/
          r.Recipe_name
HAVING
/*Must contain both these*/
COUNT(DISTINCT CASE
                 WHEN i.Ingredient_Name IN ( 'penne', 'onion' ) THEN i.Ingredient_Name
               END) = 2
AND
/*Can't contain these*/
MAX(CASE
      WHEN i.Ingredient_Name IN ( 'butter' ) THEN 1
      ELSE 0
    END) = 0

Answer 3

您也可以将 GROUP_CONCAT() 与 REGEXP 一起使用（好吧，可能不是最好的解决方案，但对于更复杂的查询可能没问题）：

SELECT r.Recipe_Name
  FROM Recipes r INNER JOIN Recipe_Ingredients ri
    ON r.Recipe_ID = ri.Recipe_ID
 INNER JOIN Ingredients i
    ON ri.Ingredient_ID = i.Ingredient_ID
 WHERE r.Cooking_Time <= 60
   AND i.Ingredient_Name IN ('butter','onion','penne')
 GROUP BY r.Recipe_Name
HAVING 'onion' REGEXP CONCAT('^(', GROUP_CONCAT(r.Ingredient_Name SEPARATOR '|'), ')$')
   AND 'penne' REGEXP CONCAT('^(', GROUP_CONCAT(r.Ingredient_Name SEPARATOR '|'), ')$')
   AND 'butter' NOT REGEXP CONCAT('^(', GROUP_CONCAT(r.Ingredient_Name SEPARATOR '|'), ')$');

See SQL Fiddle demo 这里

SQL 查询含有这些成分的食谱）但不是这些成分）

SQL query recipes with these ingredient(s) but NOT these ingredient(s)

mysql

sql

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