将路径列表转换为 python 中的字典

Convert list of paths to dictionary in python

我正在 Python 中制作一个程序,我需要在其中与 "hypothetical" 路径进行交互(也就是在实际文件系统中不存在也不会存在的路径)并且我需要能够像往常一样 listdir 它们(path['directory'] 会 return 目录中的每个项目,如 os.listdir())。

我想到的解决方案是将字符串路径列表转换为字典字典。我想出了这个递归函数(它在 class 内):

    def DoMagic(self,paths):
        structure = {}
        if not type(paths) == list:
            raise ValueError('Expected list Value, not '+str(type(paths)))
        for i in paths:
            print(i)
            if i[0] == '/': #Sanity check
                print('trailing?',i) #Inform user that there *might* be an issue with the input.
                i[0] = ''
            i = i.split('/') #Split it, so that we can test against different parts.
            if len(i[1:]) > 1: #Hang-a-bout, there's more content!
                structure = {**structure, **self.DoMagic(['/'.join(i[1:])])}
            else:
                structure[i[1]] = i[1]

但是当我使用 ['foo/e.txt','foo/bar/a.txt','foo/bar/b.cfg','foo/bar/c/d.txt'] 作为输入转到 运行 时,我得到:

{'e.txt': 'e.txt', 'a.txt': 'a.txt', 'b.cfg': 'b.cfg', 'd.txt': 'd.txt'}

我希望能够 path['foo']['bar'] 获取 foo/bar/ 目录中的所有内容。

编辑:

更理想的输出是:

    {'foo':{'e.txt':'e.txt','bar':{'a.txt':'a.txt','c':{'d.txt':'d.txt'}}}}

通过字典实现的简单树还不够吗? 您的实施似乎有点多余。很难轻易分辨文件属于哪个文件夹。

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(data_structure)

pypi 上有很多库,如果您需要额外的东西。 treelib

pathlib中还有Pure paths

这个怎么样。它可以获得您想要的输出,但是树结构可能更清晰。

from collections import defaultdict
import json

def nested_dict():
   """
   Creates a default dictionary where each value is an other default dictionary.
   """
   return defaultdict(nested_dict)

def default_to_regular(d):
    """
    Converts defaultdicts of defaultdicts to dict of dicts.
    """
    if isinstance(d, defaultdict):
        d = {k: default_to_regular(v) for k, v in d.items()}
    return d

def get_path_dict(paths):
    new_path_dict = nested_dict()
    for path in paths:
        parts = path.split('/')
        if parts:
            marcher = new_path_dict
            for key in parts[:-1]:
               marcher = marcher[key]
            marcher[parts[-1]] = parts[-1]
    return default_to_regular(new_path_dict)

l1 = ['foo/e.txt','foo/bar/a.txt','foo/bar/b.cfg','foo/bar/c/d.txt', 'test.txt']
result = get_path_dict(l1)
print(json.dumps(result, indent=2))

输出:

{
  "foo": {
    "e.txt": "e.txt",
    "bar": {
      "a.txt": "a.txt",
      "b.cfg": "b.cfg",
      "c": {
        "d.txt": "d.txt"
      }
    }
  },
  "test.txt": "test.txt"
}