如何在 Google Apps 脚本中以编程方式添加拼音变音符号？

Question

我想写一个函数dia，为提供的字符添加拼音变音符号，例如

dia('a', 1) == 'ā'
dia('a', 2) == 'á'
dia('a', 3) == 'ǎ'
dia('a', 4) == 'à'

而且我不想对所有变体进行硬编码。如何做到这一点？

Answer 1

这个 JavaScript 代码片段适用于网络浏览器；它实现了您描述的功能dia：

function dia (char, toneNumber)
{
    const combiningDiacritics =
    [
        "\u0304", // COMBINING MACRON
        "\u0301", // COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT
        "\u030C", // COMBINING CARON
        "\u0300"  // COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT
    ];
    if (/^[AEIOUÜaeiouü]$/.test (char) && ((toneNumber > 0) && (toneNumber <= combiningDiacritics.length)))
    {
        char += combiningDiacritics[toneNumber - 1];
        char = char.normalize ('NFC');
    }
    return char;
}
//
console.log (dia ('a', 1)); // -> 'ā'
console.log (dia ('a', 2)); // -> 'á'
console.log (dia ('a', 3)); // -> 'ǎ'
console.log (dia ('a', 4)); // -> 'à'

工作原理：

检查字符和音号的有效性。
将适当的组合变音符号连接到字符。
将结果规范化为组合形式并returns它。

Answer 2

您提到您不想对所有变体进行硬编码，但毕竟只有 48 个变体 (6 x 2 x 4)... 因为 Google Apps 脚本似乎可以使用旧版本JavaScript，你可能别无选择。

这是另一个 JavaScript 片段，它应该以更通用的方式工作：

function dia (char, toneNumber)
{
    var conversionTable =
    {
        "A": [ "Ā", "Á", "Ǎ", "À" ],
        "E": [ "Ē", "É", "Ě", "È" ],
        "I": [ "Ī", "Í", "Ǐ", "Ì" ],
        "O": [ "Ō", "Ó", "Ǒ", "Ò" ],
        "U": [ "Ū", "Ú", "Ǔ", "Ù" ],
        "Ü": [ "Ǖ", "Ǘ", "Ǚ", "Ǜ" ],
        "a": [ "ā", "á", "ǎ", "à" ],
        "e": [ "ē", "é", "ě", "è" ],
        "i": [ "ī", "í", "ǐ", "ì" ],
        "o": [ "ō", "ó", "ǒ", "ò" ],
        "u": [ "ū", "ú", "ǔ", "ù" ],
        "ü": [ "ǖ", "ǘ", "ǚ", "ǜ" ]
    };
    if ((char in conversionTable) && ((toneNumber > 0) && (toneNumber <= conversionTable[char].length)))
    {
        char = conversionTable[char][toneNumber - 1];
    }
    return char;
}
//
console.log (dia ('a', 1)); // -> 'ā'
console.log (dia ('a', 2)); // -> 'á'
console.log (dia ('a', 3)); // -> 'ǎ'
console.log (dia ('a', 4)); // -> 'à'

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