移动元音 "aeiou" 的凯撒密码函数

Question

所以我正在尝试编写一个在元音 "aeiou" 和 "AEIOU" 的参考字符串内移动的函数。这是我目前所拥有的：

vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"

    def encrypt(message, shift):
      output = ''
      for char in message:
        index = vowels.find(char)
        if index < 0: 
          output += ' '

        else:
          new_index = (index + shift) % len(vowels)
          new_character = vowels[new_index]
          output += new_character
      return output

我要的是，比如我输入encrypt("a",2)，输出应该是"i",encrypt("A",2) --> "I"，但是，如果我输入 encrypt("a",6)，我希望输出是 "e" 而不是 "E. And also when I enter something different than those vowels such as a number or "k”，函数应该 return "k"还是数字。最后就是如果我想用我写的函数找出一串句子中的所有元音并移位怎么办？

Answer 1

我相信这将实现您所需要的转变。

vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"


def encrypt(message, shift):
    output = ''
    for char in message:
        index = vowels.find(char)
        if index < 0:
            output += char

        else:
            shift %= 5

            if index >= 5:
                new_index = (index + shift) % 5 + 5
            else:
                new_index = (index + shift) % 5
# Or, alternatively to the above 4 lines:
#           new_index = (index + shift) % 5 + 5 * int(index >= 5)
            new_character = vowels[new_index]
            output += new_character
    return output

encrypt('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs', 1)
Out[3]: 'thi qaock bruwn fux jampid uvir thi lezy dugs'
encrypt('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs'.upper(), 1)
Out[4]: 'THI QAOCK BRUWN FUX JAMPID UVIR THI LEZY DUGS'
encrypt('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs'.upper(), 13)
Out[5]: 'THU QIACK BREWN FEX JIMPUD EVUR THU LOZY DEGS'

您可以简化第 4 行 if 语句，方法是使用 int(True) 为 1 且 int(False) 为 0 的质量将检查是否为大写字母嵌入到加法中

new_index = (index + shift) % 5 + 5 * int(index >= 5)

Answer 2

您可以简单地使用字符串的maketrans和translate方法进行翻译table，然后再翻译字符串。

def ceaser_shift_vowels(sentance: str, offset: int):
    offset = offset % 5
    upper_clear = "AEIOU"
    lower_clear = "aeiou"
    upper_cipher = upper_clear[offset:] + upper_clear[:offset]
    lower_cipher = lower_clear[offset:] + lower_clear[:offset]
    translator = sentance.maketrans(upper_clear + lower_clear, upper_cipher + lower_cipher)
    return sentance.translate(translator)

sentance = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"
for i in range(10):
    print(ceaser_shift_vowels(sentance, i))

输出

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Thi qaock bruwn fux jamps uvir thi lezy dug
Tho qeuck brawn fax jemps avor tho lizy dag
Thu qiack brewn fex jimps evur thu lozy deg
Tha qoeck briwn fix jomps ivar tha luzy dig
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Thi qaock bruwn fux jamps uvir thi lezy dug
Tho qeuck brawn fax jemps avor tho lizy dag
Thu qiack brewn fex jimps evur thu lozy deg
Tha qoeck briwn fix jomps ivar tha luzy dig

这还有一个好处就是解密字符串你只需要将偏移量作为负值传递

sentance = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"
offset = 6
crypt_string = ceaser_shift_vowels(sentance, offset)
print(crypt_string)
decrypt_string = ceaser_shift_vowels(crypt_string, -offset)
print(decrypt_string)

输出

Thi qaock bruwn fux jamps uvir thi lezy dug
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

移动元音 "aeiou" 的凯撒密码函数

A caesar cipher function that shift vowels "aeiou"

python

shift

python-3.x

caesar-cipher