将密钥获取到 SQL Server 2017 中的 JSON 列

Get keys into JSON column in SQL Server 2017

我在 SQL Server 2017 的 NVARCHAR(MAX) 类型的列中有这个 Json:

{
    "coreTimes": {
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ANESTHESIOLOGY_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": 1
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ANESTHESIOLOGY_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": 2
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_SURGICAL_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": 3
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ROOM_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": 4
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ROOM_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_BLOCK_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_BLOCK_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_SURGICAL_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        }
    }
}

我需要这个结果:

Column
{"value":1}
{"value":2}
{"value":3}
{"value":4}
{"value":null}
{"value":null}
{"value":null}

如果 json 属性可以动态更改(键 'coreTimes' 是固定的),我可以使用什么 SQL Server 2017 函数来获得此结果?

我在 Oracle 中使用过:

 SELECT res.*
 FROM sopinterventionsaux   ,
      JSON_TABLE ( operating_times, '$.coreTimes.*'
           COLUMNS (
              value VARCHAR2 ( 2000 ) FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
                    )
                ) res

在 Postgre 中SQL:

select value from table, jsonb_each(column-> 'coreTimes')

然后在 SQL 服务器中?

如果我理解正确,您需要使用 OPENJSON() 和默认架构来解析输入 JSON。在这种情况下 OPENJSON() returns 具有列 keyvaluetype:

的 table

Table:

DECLARE @json nvarchar(max) = N'{
    "coreTimes": {
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ANESTHESIOLOGY_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": 1
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ANESTHESIOLOGY_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": 2
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_SURGICAL_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": 3
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ROOM_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": 4
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ROOM_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_BLOCK_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_BLOCK_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_SURGICAL_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        }
    }
}'

CREATE TABLE Data (JsonData nvarchar(max))
INSERT INTO Data (JsonData) VALUES (@json)

声明:

SELECT j.[value]
FROM Data d
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(d.JsonData, '$.coreTimes') j

结果:

---------------
value
---------------
{"value": 1}
{"value": 2}
{"value": 3}
{"value": 4}
{"value": null}
{"value": null}
{"value": null}
{"value": null}

如果您想获得 value 键的准确值,您需要将 OPENJSON() 与显式模式(带有列定义)和附加的 APPLY 运算符一起使用。

声明:

SELECT j2.[value]
FROM Data d
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(d.JsonData, '$.coreTimes') j1
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(j1.[value]) WITH ([value] int '$.value') j2

结果:

-----
value
-----
1
2
3
4
NULL
NULL
NULL
NULL

请尝试以下操作:

declare @j nvarchar(max) = '{
    "coreTimes": {
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ANESTHESIOLOGY_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": 1
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ANESTHESIOLOGY_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": 2
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_SURGICAL_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": 3
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ROOM_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": 4
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_ROOM_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_BLOCK_OUT_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_BLOCK_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        },
        "TMP_CLINICAL_TIMES_SURGICAL_IN_DATETIME": {
            "value": null
        }
    }
}'

select L1.[Value] from OPENJSON (@j, '$.coreTimes') AS L1