在 ggplot 中，如何绘制像这张图这样的时间序列数据？
In ggplot, how can I plot time series data like this picture?
我正在尝试制作如下图所示的图表。
这也是我在代码中使用数据所做的。
unemp <- read.csv("unemployment.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
name <- c("Truman", "Eisenhower", "Kennedy", "Johnson", "Nixon",
"Ford", "Carter", "Reagan", "Bush I", "Clinton", "Bush II",
"Obama")
start <- as_date(c("1948-01-01", "1953-01-20", "1961-01-20", "1963-11-22",
"1969-01-20", "1974-08-09", "1977-01-20", "1981-01-20",
"1989-01-20", "1993-01-20", "2001-01-20", "2009-01-20"))
end <- c(start[-1], as_date("2016-10-01"))
party <- c("D", "R", "D", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "D")
pres <- tibble(name, start, end, party)
unemp <- expand_grid(year = 1948:2016, month = 1:12) %>%
transmute(date = as_date(glue("{year}-{month}-01")),
unemployment = rnorm(n(), 5, 0.1) + rep(1:3, each = 100, length.out = n()))
min_unemp <- min(unemp$unemployment)
max_unemp <- max(unemp$unemployment)
ggplot(unemp,
aes(x = date,
y = unemployment)) +
geom_line() +
geom_vline(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xintercept = start),
colour = "grey50",
linetype = "dashed") +
geom_text(data = pres,
mapping = aes(x = start,
y = max_unemp + 0.25,
label = name),
angle = 90,
vjust = 1) +
geom_rect(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xmin = start,
xmax = end,
ymin = min_unemp,
ymax = max_unemp + 0.75,
fill = party),
inherit.aes = FALSE,
alpha = 0.25) +
coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE) +
scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::label_percent(scale = 1)) +
scale_fill_manual(name = "Party of President",
labels = c("Democratic", "Republican"),
values = c("#0015bc", "#ff0000")) +
labs(x = "Date",
y = "Unemplyment Rate") +
theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.position = "bottom")
而且，这是来自 "unemp"
的已用数据示例
date uempmed
<date> <dbl>
1 1948-01-01 4.5
2 1948-02-01 4.7
3 1948-03-01 4.6
4 1948-04-01 4.9
5 1948-05-01 4.7
6 1948-06-01 4.8
7 1948-07-01 0.036
8 1948-08-01 0.039
9 1948-09-01 0.038
10 1948-10-01 0.037
但我可以得到这张照片。依旧是下图
而且，我还添加了 dput 函数制作的整个结构：
structure(list(date = c("1948-01-01", "1948-02-01", "1948-03-01", "1948-04-01", "1948-05-01", "1948-06-01", "1948-07-01", "1948-08-01",
"1948-09-01", "1948-10-01", "1948-11-01", "1948-12-01", "1949-01-01",
"1949-02-01", "1949-03-01", "1949-04-01", "1949-05-01", "1949-06-01",
"1949-07-01", "1949-08-01", "1949-09-01", "1949-10-01", "1949-11-01",
"1949-12-01", "1950-01-01", "1950-02-01", "1950-03-01", "1950-04-01",
"1950-05-01", "1950-06-01", "1950-07-01", "1950-08-01", "1950-09-01",
"1950-10-01", "1950-11-01", "1950-12-01", "1951-01-01", "1951-02-01",
"1951-03-01", "1951-04-01", "1951-05-01", "1951-06-01", "1951-07-01",
"1951-08-01", "1951-09-01", "1951-10-01", "1951-11-01", "1951-12-01",
"1952-01-01", "1952-02-01", "1952-03-01", "1952-04-01", "1952-05-01",
"1952-06-01", "1952-07-01", "1952-08-01", "1952-09-01", "1952-10-01",
"1952-11-01", "1952-12-01", "1953-01-01", "1953-02-01", "1953-03-01",
"1953-04-01", "1953-05-01", "1953-06-01", "1953-07-01", "1953-08-01",
"1953-09-01", "1953-10-01", "1953-11-01", "1953-12-01", "1954-01-01",
"1954-02-01", "1954-03-01", "1954-04-01", "1954-05-01", "1954-06-01",
"1954-07-01", "1954-08-01", "1954-09-01", "1954-10-01", "1954-11-01",
"1954-12-01", "1955-01-01", "1955-02-01", "1955-03-01", "1955-04-01",
"1955-05-01", "1955-06-01", "1955-07-01", "1955-08-01", "1955-09-01",
"1955-10-01", "1955-11-01", "1955-12-01", "1956-01-01", "1956-02-01",
"1956-03-01", "1956-04-01", "1956-05-01", "1956-06-01", "1956-07-01",
"1956-08-01", "1956-09-01", "1956-10-01", "1956-11-01", "1956-12-01",
"1957-01-01", "1957-02-01", "1957-03-01", "1957-04-01", "1957-05-01",
"1957-06-01", "1957-07-01", "1957-08-01", "1957-09-01", "1957-10-01",
"1957-11-01", "1957-12-01", "1958-01-01", "1958-02-01", "1958-03-01",
"1958-04-01", "1958-05-01", "1958-06-01", "1958-07-01", "1958-08-01",
"1958-09-01", "1958-10-01", "1958-11-01", "1958-12-01", "1959-01-01",
"1959-02-01", "1959-03-01", "1959-04-01", "1959-05-01", "1959-06-01",
"1959-07-01", "1959-08-01", "1959-09-01", "1959-10-01", "1959-11-01",
"1959-12-01", "1960-01-01", "1960-02-01", "1960-03-01", "1960-04-01",
"1960-05-01", "1960-06-01", "1960-07-01", "1960-08-01", "1960-09-01",
"1960-10-01", "1960-11-01", "1960-12-01", "1961-01-01", "1961-02-01",
"1961-03-01", "1961-04-01", "1961-05-01", "1961-06-01", "1961-07-01",
"1961-08-01", "1961-09-01", "1961-10-01", "1961-11-01", "1961-12-01",
"1962-01-01", "1962-02-01", "1962-03-01", "1962-04-01", "1962-05-01",
"1962-06-01", "1962-07-01", "1962-08-01", "1962-09-01", "1962-10-01",
"1962-11-01", "1962-12-01", "1963-01-01", "1963-02-01", "1963-03-01",
"1963-04-01", "1963-05-01", "1963-06-01", "1963-07-01", "1963-08-01",
"1963-09-01", "1963-10-01", "1963-11-01", "1963-12-01", "1964-01-01",
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如何修改代码使其像上面第一张图一样？
非常感谢，
为了消除评论中的混淆，此问题引用了 。
使用您的 dput（我已在下面的 reprex 中将其替换为 read.csv），以下工作。请注意，您可能可以使用 readr::read_csv 一次性获得合适的日期格式，而不是读取然后转换为 tibble，但我会把它留给您。
library(glue)
library(lubridate)
library(tidyverse)
unemp <- read.csv("unemployment.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) # The following is run with the dput, but I've added this line back in for clarity.
unemp <- tibble(date = as_date(unemp$date), unemp = unemp$unemp)
min_unemp <- min(unemp$unemp)
max_unemp <- max(unemp$unemp)
name <- c("Truman", "Eisenhower", "Kennedy", "Johnson", "Nixon",
"Ford", "Carter", "Reagan", "Bush I", "Clinton", "Bush II",
"Obama")
start <- as_date(c("1948-01-01", "1953-01-20", "1961-01-20", "1963-11-22",
"1969-01-20", "1974-08-09", "1977-01-20", "1981-01-20",
"1989-01-20", "1993-01-20", "2001-01-20", "2009-01-20"))
end <- c(start[-1], as_date("2016-10-01"))
party <- c("D", "R", "D", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "D")
pres <- tibble(name, start, end, party)
ggplot(unemp,
aes(x = date,
y = unemp)) +
geom_line() +
geom_vline(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xintercept = start),
colour = "grey50",
linetype = "dashed") +
geom_text(data = pres,
mapping = aes(x = start,
y = max_unemp * 1.1,
label = name),
angle = 90,
vjust = 1) +
geom_rect(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xmin = start,
xmax = end,
ymin = min_unemp,
ymax = max_unemp * 1.2,
fill = party),
inherit.aes = FALSE,
alpha = 0.25) +
coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE) +
scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::label_percent()) +
scale_fill_manual(name = "Party of President",
labels = c("Democratic", "Republican"),
values = c("#0015bc", "#ff0000")) +
labs(x = "Date",
y = "Unemplyment Rate") +
theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.position = "bottom")
由 reprex package (v0.3.0)
于 2019-12-03 创建
我正在尝试制作如下图所示的图表。
这也是我在代码中使用数据所做的。
unemp <- read.csv("unemployment.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
name <- c("Truman", "Eisenhower", "Kennedy", "Johnson", "Nixon",
"Ford", "Carter", "Reagan", "Bush I", "Clinton", "Bush II",
"Obama")
start <- as_date(c("1948-01-01", "1953-01-20", "1961-01-20", "1963-11-22",
"1969-01-20", "1974-08-09", "1977-01-20", "1981-01-20",
"1989-01-20", "1993-01-20", "2001-01-20", "2009-01-20"))
end <- c(start[-1], as_date("2016-10-01"))
party <- c("D", "R", "D", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "D")
pres <- tibble(name, start, end, party)
unemp <- expand_grid(year = 1948:2016, month = 1:12) %>%
transmute(date = as_date(glue("{year}-{month}-01")),
unemployment = rnorm(n(), 5, 0.1) + rep(1:3, each = 100, length.out = n()))
min_unemp <- min(unemp$unemployment)
max_unemp <- max(unemp$unemployment)
ggplot(unemp,
aes(x = date,
y = unemployment)) +
geom_line() +
geom_vline(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xintercept = start),
colour = "grey50",
linetype = "dashed") +
geom_text(data = pres,
mapping = aes(x = start,
y = max_unemp + 0.25,
label = name),
angle = 90,
vjust = 1) +
geom_rect(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xmin = start,
xmax = end,
ymin = min_unemp,
ymax = max_unemp + 0.75,
fill = party),
inherit.aes = FALSE,
alpha = 0.25) +
coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE) +
scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::label_percent(scale = 1)) +
scale_fill_manual(name = "Party of President",
labels = c("Democratic", "Republican"),
values = c("#0015bc", "#ff0000")) +
labs(x = "Date",
y = "Unemplyment Rate") +
theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.position = "bottom")
而且，这是来自 "unemp"
的已用数据示例 date uempmed
<date> <dbl>
1 1948-01-01 4.5
2 1948-02-01 4.7
3 1948-03-01 4.6
4 1948-04-01 4.9
5 1948-05-01 4.7
6 1948-06-01 4.8
7 1948-07-01 0.036
8 1948-08-01 0.039
9 1948-09-01 0.038
10 1948-10-01 0.037
但我可以得到这张照片。依旧是下图
而且，我还添加了 dput 函数制作的整个结构：
structure(list(date = c("1948-01-01", "1948-02-01", "1948-03-01", "1948-04-01", "1948-05-01", "1948-06-01", "1948-07-01", "1948-08-01",
"1948-09-01", "1948-10-01", "1948-11-01", "1948-12-01", "1949-01-01",
"1949-02-01", "1949-03-01", "1949-04-01", "1949-05-01", "1949-06-01",
"1949-07-01", "1949-08-01", "1949-09-01", "1949-10-01", "1949-11-01",
"1949-12-01", "1950-01-01", "1950-02-01", "1950-03-01", "1950-04-01",
"1950-05-01", "1950-06-01", "1950-07-01", "1950-08-01", "1950-09-01",
"1950-10-01", "1950-11-01", "1950-12-01", "1951-01-01", "1951-02-01",
"1951-03-01", "1951-04-01", "1951-05-01", "1951-06-01", "1951-07-01",
"1951-08-01", "1951-09-01", "1951-10-01", "1951-11-01", "1951-12-01",
"1952-01-01", "1952-02-01", "1952-03-01", "1952-04-01", "1952-05-01",
"1952-06-01", "1952-07-01", "1952-08-01", "1952-09-01", "1952-10-01",
"1952-11-01", "1952-12-01", "1953-01-01", "1953-02-01", "1953-03-01",
"1953-04-01", "1953-05-01", "1953-06-01", "1953-07-01", "1953-08-01",
"1953-09-01", "1953-10-01", "1953-11-01", "1953-12-01", "1954-01-01",
"1954-02-01", "1954-03-01", "1954-04-01", "1954-05-01", "1954-06-01",
"1954-07-01", "1954-08-01", "1954-09-01", "1954-10-01", "1954-11-01",
"1954-12-01", "1955-01-01", "1955-02-01", "1955-03-01", "1955-04-01",
"1955-05-01", "1955-06-01", "1955-07-01", "1955-08-01", "1955-09-01",
"1955-10-01", "1955-11-01", "1955-12-01", "1956-01-01", "1956-02-01",
"1956-03-01", "1956-04-01", "1956-05-01", "1956-06-01", "1956-07-01",
"1956-08-01", "1956-09-01", "1956-10-01", "1956-11-01", "1956-12-01",
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"1959-12-01", "1960-01-01", "1960-02-01", "1960-03-01", "1960-04-01",
"1960-05-01", "1960-06-01", "1960-07-01", "1960-08-01", "1960-09-01",
"1960-10-01", "1960-11-01", "1960-12-01", "1961-01-01", "1961-02-01",
"1961-03-01", "1961-04-01", "1961-05-01", "1961-06-01", "1961-07-01",
"1961-08-01", "1961-09-01", "1961-10-01", "1961-11-01", "1961-12-01",
"1962-01-01", "1962-02-01", "1962-03-01", "1962-04-01", "1962-05-01",
"1962-06-01", "1962-07-01", "1962-08-01", "1962-09-01", "1962-10-01",
"1962-11-01", "1962-12-01", "1963-01-01", "1963-02-01", "1963-03-01",
"1963-04-01", "1963-05-01", "1963-06-01", "1963-07-01", "1963-08-01",
"1963-09-01", "1963-10-01", "1963-11-01", "1963-12-01", "1964-01-01",
"1964-02-01", "1964-03-01", "1964-04-01", "1964-05-01", "1964-06-01",
"1964-07-01", "1964-08-01", "1964-09-01", "1964-10-01", "1964-11-01",
"1964-12-01", "1965-01-01", "1965-02-01", "1965-03-01", "1965-04-01",
"1965-05-01", "1965-06-01", "1965-07-01", "1965-08-01", "1965-09-01",
"1965-10-01", "1965-11-01", "1965-12-01", "1966-01-01", "1966-02-01",
"1966-03-01", "1966-04-01", "1966-05-01", "1966-06-01", "1966-07-01",
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如何修改代码使其像上面第一张图一样？ 非常感谢，
为了消除评论中的混淆，此问题引用了
使用您的 dput（我已在下面的 reprex 中将其替换为 read.csv），以下工作。请注意，您可能可以使用 readr::read_csv 一次性获得合适的日期格式，而不是读取然后转换为 tibble，但我会把它留给您。
library(glue)
library(lubridate)
library(tidyverse)
unemp <- read.csv("unemployment.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) # The following is run with the dput, but I've added this line back in for clarity.
unemp <- tibble(date = as_date(unemp$date), unemp = unemp$unemp)
min_unemp <- min(unemp$unemp)
max_unemp <- max(unemp$unemp)
name <- c("Truman", "Eisenhower", "Kennedy", "Johnson", "Nixon",
"Ford", "Carter", "Reagan", "Bush I", "Clinton", "Bush II",
"Obama")
start <- as_date(c("1948-01-01", "1953-01-20", "1961-01-20", "1963-11-22",
"1969-01-20", "1974-08-09", "1977-01-20", "1981-01-20",
"1989-01-20", "1993-01-20", "2001-01-20", "2009-01-20"))
end <- c(start[-1], as_date("2016-10-01"))
party <- c("D", "R", "D", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "R", "D", "R", "D")
pres <- tibble(name, start, end, party)
ggplot(unemp,
aes(x = date,
y = unemp)) +
geom_line() +
geom_vline(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xintercept = start),
colour = "grey50",
linetype = "dashed") +
geom_text(data = pres,
mapping = aes(x = start,
y = max_unemp * 1.1,
label = name),
angle = 90,
vjust = 1) +
geom_rect(data = pres,
mapping = aes(xmin = start,
xmax = end,
ymin = min_unemp,
ymax = max_unemp * 1.2,
fill = party),
inherit.aes = FALSE,
alpha = 0.25) +
coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE) +
scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::label_percent()) +
scale_fill_manual(name = "Party of President",
labels = c("Democratic", "Republican"),
values = c("#0015bc", "#ff0000")) +
labs(x = "Date",
y = "Unemplyment Rate") +
theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.position = "bottom")
由 reprex package (v0.3.0)
于 2019-12-03 创建