Django 设置 DigitalOcean Postgres "DATABASES = {" 错误

Question

我正在按照 https://www.udemy.com/course/the-ultimate-beginners-guide-to-django-django-2-python-web-dev-website/learn/lecture/9517168#overview 指南在带有 Postgres 数据库的 Digital Ocean Server 上构建 Django 网站。

老师遵循的指南是官方的Digital Ocean设置指南https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-django-with-postgres-nginx-and-gunicorn-on-ubuntu-18-04#creating-and-configuring-a-new-django-project

一切都很好，直到我尝试在服务器端迁移项目：

我在终端运行中使用的第一种语法
```
python manage.py makemigrations
```

第一个错误

 File "manage.py", line 16
 ) from exc
      ^
 SyntaxError: invalid syntax

我在终端运行中使用的第二种语法
```
python3 manage.py makemigrations
```

第二个错误

  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 17, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/djangodeploy/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/djangodeploy/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 317, in execute
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "/home/djangodeploy/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 56, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "/home/djangodeploy/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 43, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/home/djangodeploy/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 106, in __init__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/djangodeploy/portfolio-project/portfolio/settings.py", line 137, in <module>
    from .local_settings import *
  File "/home/djangodeploy/portfolio-project/portfolio/local_settings.py", line 5
    DATABASES = {
    ^
IndentationError: unexpected indent

我修改了原来的settings.py文件，把下面的内容放在最下面，如

try:
    from .local_settings import *
except ImportError:
    pass

我也尝试了导入设置更正（更改了用于发布的数据库数据的值）Django Local Settings

from settings import *

SECRET_KEY = 'MY_SECRET_KEY'

DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['164.143.264.187']

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'my_name',
        'USER': 'the_user_nameing_i_have',
        'PASSWORD': 'my_key',
        'HOST':'localhost',
        'POSRT': '6432',
    }
}

我仍然得到原来的错误。

我的 manage.py 文件我已经尝试过这两个选项



"""
# this commented out what the teacher has in his code
import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "portfolio.settings")
    try:
        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    except ImportError as exc:
        raise ImportError(
            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
        ) from exc
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
"""




# This is what I had
import os
import sys


def main():
    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'portfolio.settings')
    try:
        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    except ImportError as exc:
        raise ImportError(
            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
        ) from exc
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

根据 Pranita Gandhi 的评论更新 1

我卸载了服务器 VENV 中的所有 4 个库
在本地机器上我创建了一个 requirements.txt 的原始 venv 作为 Pranita Gandhi 推荐它。比把它放到服务器上并尝试将它安装到现在空的服务器 venv 上。

pip3 install -r requirements.txt

我得到以下错误：


Collecting Django==2.0.7
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ab/15/cfde97943f0db45e4f999c60b696fbb4df59e82bbccc686770f4e44c9094/Django-2.0.7-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting Pillow==5.0.0
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9a/2f/86941111d108fd060190c994f15881283b98693c1c370e74885cfc470eb3/Pillow-5.0.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Collecting psycopg2==2.7.4
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/92/15/92b5c363243376ce9cb879bbec561bba196694eb663a6937b4cb967e230e/psycopg2-2.7.4-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Collecting psycopg2-binary==2.7.4
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5f/0b/aa7078d3f6d27d951c38b6a1f4b99b71b2caecebb2921b2d808b5bf0e2e0/psycopg2_binary-2.7.4-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Collecting pytz==2018.3
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/3c/80/32e98784a8647880dedf1f6bf8e2c91b195fe18fdecc6767dcf5104598d6/pytz-2018.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pytz, Django, Pillow, psycopg2, psycopg2-binary
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

更新 2

我试图强制安装基于 https://github.com/googlesamples/assistant-sdk-python/issues/236 / moham96 于 2018 年 4 月 20 日发表评论

您正在尝试将程序包安装到您没有写入权限的系统文件夹中。您有三个选项（只使用其中一个）：

1-设置一个虚拟环境来安装包（推荐）：

python3 -m venv env
source ./env/bin/activate 
python -m pip install requirements.txt

2-安装包到用户文件夹：

python -m pip install --user requirements.txt

3-使用sudo安装到系统文件夹（不推荐）

sudo python -m pip install requirements.txt

不幸的是，这些都没有解决我的问题。

Answer 1

您好，您是否在课程中出现提示时安装并激活了虚拟环境。我认为它可能是虚拟环境。

你能在服务器端找到你的 venv 或 env 文件夹吗？

Django 设置 DigitalOcean Postgres "DATABASES = {" 错误

Django Setting up DigitalOchean Postgre "DATABASES = {" ERORR

python

django

postgresql

terminal

digital-ocean