SQL 服务器使用正则表达式模式生成数据

SQL SERVER generate data using Regex pattern

我想通过 SQL Server 中给定的正则表达式模式生成数据。有没有可能做?说,我有如下模式,我想生成如下数据:

这个概念背后的想法是 SQL STATIC DATA MASKING (which was removed in current feature)。我们的客户想要屏蔽测试数据库中的生产数据。我们现在没有 SQL 带有 sql 的 STATIC DATA MASKING 功能,但是我们有模式来屏蔽列,所以我想的是,使用这些模式我们可以 运行 更新查询.

SELECT "(\d){7}" AS RandonNumber, "(\W){5}" AS RandomString FROM tbl

输出应该是

  +---------------+--------------+
  |  RandonNumber | RandomString |
  +---------------+--------------+
  |  7894562      | AHJIL        |
  +---------------+--------------+
  |  9632587      | ZLOKP        |
  +---------------+--------------+
  |  4561238      | UJIOK        |
  +---------------+--------------+

除了这个常规模式外,我还有一些自定义模式,如 Test_Product_(\d){1,4},其结果应如下所示:

Test_Product_012 
Test_Product_143
Test_Product_8936

我将用于掩蔽的完整模式

Other Patterns                Samples
(\l){30}                      ahukoklijfahukokponmahukoahuko
(\d){7}                       7895623
(\W){5}                       ABCDEF
Test_Product_(\d){1,4}        Test_Product_007
0\.(\d){2}                    0.59
https://www\.(\l){10}\.com    https://www.anything.com

我不认为您为此需要正则表达式。为什么不直接使用 "scrub script" 并利用 newid() 函数生成一堆随机数据。看来您无论如何都需要编写这样的脚本,无论是否使用 Regex,而且这样做的好处是非常简单。

假设您从以下数据开始:

create table tbl (PersonalId int, Name varchar(max))

insert into tbl select 300300, 'Michael'
insert into tbl select 554455, 'Tim'
insert into tbl select 228899, 'John'

select * from tbl

然后运行你的脚本:

update tbl set PersonalId = cast(rand(checksum(newid())) * 1000000 as int)
update tbl set Name = left(convert(varchar(255), newid()), 6)

select * from tbl

好吧,我可以给你一个解决方案,它不是基于正则表达式,而是基于一组参数 - 但它包含你所有要求的完整集合。
我将此解决方案基于我编写的用于生成随机字符串的用户定义函数 (You can read my blog post about it here) - 我刚刚对其进行了更改,以便它可以根据以下条件生成您想要的掩码:

  • 掩码有可选前缀。
  • 掩码有一个可选的后缀。
  • 掩码有一个可变长度的随机字符串。
  • 随机字符串可以包含小写字母、大写字母、数字或以上的任意组合。

我根据您对问题的更新决定了这些规则集,其中包含您想要的掩码:

(\d){7}                       7895623
(\W){5}                       ABCDEF
Test_Product_(\d){1,4}        Test_Product_007
0\.(\d){2}                    0.59
https://www\.(\l){10}\.com    https://www.anything.com

现在,对于代码:
由于我使用的是用户定义的函数,我无法在其中使用 NewId() 内置函数 - 因此我们首先需要创建一个视图来为我们生成 guid:

CREATE VIEW GuidGenerator
AS
    SELECT Newid() As NewGuid;

在函数中,我们将使用该视图生成一个 NewID() 作为所有随机性的基础。

这个函数本身比我开始使用的随机字符串生成器要麻烦得多:

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.MaskGenerator
(
    -- use null or an empty string for no prefix
    @Prefix nvarchar(4000), 
    -- use null or an empty string for no suffix
    @suffix nvarchar(4000), 
    -- the minimum length of the random part
    @MinLength int, 
    -- the maximum length of the random part
    @MaxLength int, 
    -- the maximum number of rows to return. Note: up to 1,000,000 rows
    @Count int, 
    -- 1, 2 and 4 stands for lower-case, upper-case and digits. 
    -- a bitwise combination of these values can be used to generate all possible combinations:
    -- 3: lower and upper, 5: lower and digis, 6: upper and digits, 7: lower, upper nad digits
    @CharType tinyint 
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS 
RETURN 
-- An inline tally table with 1,000,000 rows
WITH E1(N) AS (SELECT N FROM (VALUES (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10)) V(N)),   -- 10
     E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b), --100
     E3(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b), --10,000
     Tally(N) AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY @@SPID) FROM E3 a, E2 b) --1,000,000

SELECT TOP(@Count) 
        n As Number, 
        CONCAT(@Prefix, (
        SELECT  TOP (Length) 
                -- choose what char combination to use for the random part
                CASE @CharType 
                    WHEN 1 THEN Lower
                    WHEN 2 THEN Upper
                    WHEN 3 THEN IIF(Rnd % 2 = 0, Lower, Upper)
                    WHEN 4 THEN Digit
                    WHEN 5 THEN IIF(Rnd % 2 = 0, Lower, Digit)
                    WHEN 6 THEN IIF(Rnd % 2 = 0, Upper, Digit)
                    WHEN 7 THEN 
                        CASE Rnd % 3
                            WHEN 0 THEN Lower
                            WHEN 1 THEN Upper
                            ELSE Digit
                        END
                END
        FROM Tally As t0  
        -- create a random number from the guid using the GuidGenerator view
        CROSS APPLY (SELECT Abs(Checksum(NewGuid)) As Rnd FROM GuidGenerator) As rand
        CROSS APPLY
        (
            -- generate a random lower-case char, upper-case char and digit
            SELECT  CHAR(97 + Rnd % 26) As Lower, -- Random lower case letter
                    CHAR(65 + Rnd % 26) As Upper,-- Random upper case letter
                    CHAR(48 + Rnd % 10) As Digit -- Random digit
        ) As Chars
        WHERE  t0.n <> -t1.n -- Needed for the subquery to get re-evaluated for each row
        FOR XML PATH('') 
        ), @Suffix) As RandomString
FROM Tally As t1
CROSS APPLY
(
    -- Select a random length between @MinLength and @MaxLength (inclusive)
    SELECT TOP 1 n As Length
    FROM Tally As t2
    CROSS JOIN GuidGenerator 
    WHERE t2.n >= @MinLength
    AND t2.n <= @MaxLength
    AND t2.n <> t1.n
    ORDER BY NewGuid
) As Lengths;

最后,测试用例:

(\l){30} - ahukoklijfahukokponmahukoahuko

SELECT RandomString FROM dbo.MaskGenerator(null, null, 30, 30, 2, 1); 

结果:

1, eyrutkzdugogyhxutcmcmplvzofser
2, juuyvtzsvmmcdkngnzipvsepviepsp

(\d){7} - 7895623

SELECT RandomString FROM dbo.MaskGenerator(null, null, 7, 7, 2, 4); 

结果:

1, 8744412
2, 2275313

(\W){5} - ABCDE

SELECT RandomString FROM dbo.MaskGenerator(null, null, 5, 5, 2, 2); 

结果:

1, RSYJE
2, MMFAA

Test_Product_(\d){1,4} - Test_Product_007

SELECT RandomString FROM dbo.MaskGenerator('Test_Product_', null, 1, 4, 2, 4); 

结果:

1, Test_Product_933
2, Test_Product_7

0\.(\d){2} - 0.59

SELECT RandomString FROM dbo.MaskGenerator('0.', null, 2, 2, 2, 4); 

结果:

1, 0.68
2, 0.70

https://www\.(\l){10}\.com - https://www.anything.com

SELECT RandomString FROM dbo.MaskGenerator('https://www.', '.com', 10, 10, 2, 1); 

结果:

1, https://www.xayvkmkuci.com
2, https://www.asbfcvomax.com       

以下是如何使用它来屏蔽 table 的内容:

DECLARE @Count int = 10; 

SELECT  CAST(IntVal.RandomString As Int) As IntColumn, 
        UpVal.RandomString as UpperCaseValue, 
        LowVal.RandomString as LowerCaseValue, 
        MixVal.RandomString as MixedValue,
        WithPrefix.RandomString As PrefixedValue
FROM dbo.MaskGenerator(null, null, 3, 7, @Count, 4) As IntVal
JOIN dbo.MaskGenerator(null, null, 10, 10, @Count, 1) As LowVal
    ON IntVal.Number = LowVal.Number
JOIN dbo.MaskGenerator(null, null, 5, 10, @Count, 2) As UpVal
    ON IntVal.Number = UpVal.Number
JOIN dbo.MaskGenerator(null, null, 10, 20, @Count, 7) As MixVal
    ON IntVal.Number = MixVal.Number
JOIN dbo.MaskGenerator('Test ', null, 1, 4, @Count, 4) As WithPrefix
    ON IntVal.Number = WithPrefix.Number

结果:

IntColumn   UpperCaseValue  LowerCaseValue  MixedValue              PrefixedValue
674         CCNVSDI         esjyyesesv      O2FAC7bfwg2Be5a91Q0     Test 4935
30732       UJKSL           jktisddbnq      7o8B91Sg1qrIZSvG3AcL    Test 0
4669472     HDLJNBWPJ       qgtfkjdyku      xUoLAZ4pAnpn            Test 8
26347       DNAKERR         vlehbnampb      NBv08yJdKb75ybhaFqED    Test 91
6084965     LJPMZMEU        ccigzyfwnf      MPxQ2t8jjmv0IT45yVcR    Test 4
6619851     FEHKGHTUW       wswuefehsp      40n7Ttg7H5YtVPF         Test 848
781         LRWKVDUV        bywoxqizju      UxIp2O4Jb82Ts           Test 6268
52237       XXNPBL          beqxrgstdo      Uf9j7tCB4W2             Test 43
876150      ZDRABW          fvvinypvqa      uo8zfRx07s6d0EP         Test 7

请注意,这是一个快速的过程 - 在我进行的测试中,生成 5 列的 1000 行平均花费了不到半秒的时间。