如何在不中断删除的情况下在 SwiftUI 中实现 TextFields 列表

Question

当我

1. 在 XCode
中创建主从应用程序
2. 使用核心数据
3. 向事件模型添加一个新字段（假设 title 为 String）
4. 将 MasterView 实现更改为此

struct MasterView: View {
    @FetchRequest(
        sortDescriptors: [NSSortDescriptor(keyPath: \Event.timestamp, ascending: true)], 
        animation: .default)
    var events: FetchedResults<Event>

    @Environment(\.managedObjectContext)
    var viewContext

    var body: some View {
        List {
            ForEach(events, id: \.self) { event in
                NavigationLink(
                    destination: DetailView(event: event)
                ) {
                    TextField("Title", text: Binding(ObservedObject<Event>(wrappedValue: event).projectedValue.title)!)
                }
            }.onDelete { indices in
                self.events.delete(at: indices, from: self.viewContext)
            }
        }
    }
}

，即，将 Text 换成 TextField，并适当绑定到 event 对象的 title 属性，XCode 会愉快地编译只要我不尝试从列表中删除，应用程序就会以预期的行为运行。

当我尝试删除 Event 时，它因堆栈跟踪而崩溃

* thread #1, queue = 'com.apple.main-thread', stop reason = EXC_BAD_INSTRUCTION (code=EXC_I386_INVOP, subcode=0x0)
    #0: [33m`SwiftUI.BindingOperations.ForceUnwrapping.get(base: Swift.Optional<A>) -> A[0m
    #1: [33m`protocol witness for SwiftUI.Projection.get(base: A.Base) -> A.Projected in conformance SwiftUI.BindingOperations.ForceUnwrapping<A> : SwiftUI.Projection in SwiftUI[0m
    #2: [33m`SwiftUI.(ProjectedLocation in _5A9440699EF65619D724050F1A6941EE).update(context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>, state: inout Swift.Optional<Any>) -> (B.Projected, Swift.Bool)[0m
    #3: [33m`SwiftUI.LocationBox.update(context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>, state: inout Swift.Optional<Any>) -> (A.Value, Swift.Bool)[0m
    #4: [33m`SwiftUI.Binding.(ScopedLocation in _5436F2B399369BE3B016147A5F8FE9F2).update(context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>, state: inout Swift.Optional<Any>) -> (A, Swift.Bool)[0m
    #5: [33m`protocol witness for SwiftUI.Location.update(context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>, state: inout Swift.Optional<Any>) -> (A.Value, Swift.Bool) in conformance SwiftUI.Binding<A>.(ScopedLocation in _5436F2B399369BE3B016147A5F8FE9F2) : SwiftUI.Location in SwiftUI[0m
    #6: [33m`SwiftUI.LocationBox.update(context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>, state: inout Swift.Optional<Any>) -> (A.Value, Swift.Bool)[0m
    #7: [33m`SwiftUI.Binding.(Box in _5436F2B399369BE3B016147A5F8FE9F2).update(property: inout SwiftUI.Binding<A>, context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>) -> Swift.Bool[0m
    #8: [33m`static SwiftUI.(BoxVTable in _68550FF604D39F05971FE35A26EE75B0).update(ptr: Swift.UnsafeMutableRawPointer, property: Swift.UnsafeMutableRawPointer, context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>) -> Swift.Bool[0m
    #9: [33m`SwiftUI._DynamicPropertyBuffer.update(container: Swift.UnsafeMutableRawPointer, context: AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.VoidAttribute>) -> Swift.Bool[0m
    #10: [33m`SwiftUI.(DynamicPropertyBody in _9F92ACD17B554E8AB7D29ABB1E796415).update(context: inout AttributeGraph.AttributeContext<SwiftUI.(DynamicPropertyBody in _9F92ACD17B554E8AB7D29ABB1E796415)<A>>) -> ()[0m
    #11: [33m`protocol witness for static AttributeGraph.UntypedAttribute._update(_: Swift.UnsafeMutableRawPointer, graph: __C.AGGraphRef, attribute: __C.AGAttribute) -> () in conformance SwiftUI.(DynamicPropertyBody in _9F92ACD17B554E8AB7D29ABB1E796415)<A> : AttributeGraph.UntypedAttribute in SwiftUI[0m
    #12: [33m`partial apply forwarder[0m
    #13: [33m`AG::Graph::UpdateStack::update[0m
    #14: [33m`AG::Graph::update_attribute[0m
    #15: [33m`AG::Subgraph::update[0m
    #16: [33m`SwiftUI.ViewGraph.(runTransaction in _D63C4EB7F2B205694B6515509E76E98B)(in: __C.AGGraphRef) -> ()[0m
    #17: [33m`closure #1 (__C.AGGraphRef) -> (prefs: Swift.Bool, idealSize: Swift.Bool, outputs: SwiftUI.ViewGraph.Outputs) in SwiftUI.ViewGraph.updateOutputs(at: SwiftUI.Time) -> ()[0m
    #18: [33m`SwiftUI.ViewGraph.updateOutputs(at: SwiftUI.Time) -> ()[0m
    #19: [33m`closure #1 () -> () in closure #1 () -> () in (extension in SwiftUI):SwiftUI.ViewRendererHost.render(interval: Swift.Double, updateDisplayList: Swift.Bool) -> ()[0m
    #20: [33m`closure #1 () -> () in (extension in SwiftUI):SwiftUI.ViewRendererHost.render(interval: Swift.Double, updateDisplayList: Swift.Bool) -> ()[0m
    #21: [33m`(extension in SwiftUI):SwiftUI.ViewRendererHost.render(interval: Swift.Double, updateDisplayList: Swift.Bool) -> ()[0m
    #22: [33m`closure #1 () -> () in SwiftUI._UIHostingView.requestImmediateUpdate() -> ()[0m
    #23: [33m`reabstraction thunk helper from @escaping @callee_guaranteed () -> () to @escaping @callee_unowned @convention(block) () -> ()[0m
    #24: [33m`_dispatch_call_block_and_release[0m
    #25: [33m`_dispatch_client_callout[0m
    #26: [33m`_dispatch_main_queue_callback_4CF[0m
    #27: [33m`__CFRUNLOOP_IS_SERVICING_THE_MAIN_DISPATCH_QUEUE__[0m
    #28: [33m`__CFRunLoopRun[0m
    #29: [33m`CFRunLoopRunSpecific[0m
    #30: [33m`GSEventRunModal[0m
    #31: [33m`UIApplicationMain[0m
  * #32: [33m`main[0m at AppDelegate.swift:13
    #33: [33m`start[0m

我试过这个： 但没有用。我还尝试将文本字段提取到单独的视图中 class 并使用适当的属性包装器。

我想我以某种方式滥用了基础设施（绑定、可观察对象等）。我应该如何使用这些来实现列表中的文本字段？

Answer 1

对此的一些想法：

选项 1 （内联绑定）

（我猜可能会有更简洁的实现，但这段代码工作正常）

// Somewhere in MasterView...
// A function that returns a binding for the title of an event
func titleBindingFor(_ event: Event) -> Binding<String> {
    Binding<String>(get: { () -> String in
        event.title ?? ""
    }) { (title) in
        event.title = title
    }
}

然后

// Bind it to the textfield
TextField("Title", text: self.titleBindingFor(event))

---

选项 2 （单独查看）

extension Optional where Wrapped == String {
    var safe: String {
        get { self ?? "" }
        set { self = newValue }
    }
}

struct TitleEditor: View {
    @ObservedObject var event: Event

    var body: some View {
        TextField("Title", text: $event.title.safe)
    }
}

然后

TitleEditor(event: event)

注意：我还必须在 DetailView 中处理可选的时间戳强制展开（真的是 Apple？！），因为我在删除时崩溃：

struct DetailView: View {
    @ObservedObject var event: Event

    var body: some View {
        let timestamp = event.timestamp ?? Date()
        return Text("\(timestamp, formatter: dateFormatter)")
            .navigationBarTitle(Text("Detail"))
    }
}

请注意，如果标题为 nil，我将返回一个空字符串，这由文本字段优雅地处理（它在新创建的项目上显示占位符）

Answer 2

而不是

TextField("Title", text: Binding(ObservedObject(wrappedValue: event).projectedValue.title)!)

使用

TextField("Title", text: Binding<String>(
                   get: {event.title ?? "<none>"}, set: {event.title = [=10=]}))

已测试并适用于 Xcode 11.2、iOS 13.2