Python: 如何改变ttk.Checkbutton激活时的边框颜色？
Python: How to change the border color of ttk.Checkbutton when it is active?
我想更改 ttk.Checkbutton 小部件的边框颜色，默认情况下为浅蓝色。我尝试使用 ttk.Style() 的配置功能，并设法改变整个按钮或其他东西处于活动状态时的颜色，但不是复选框的边框。
另一个问题是我在哪里可以找到此类信息，例如可以在 ttk 样式中更改的所有选项的某种文档？
这是我尝试过的一个例子：
from tkinter import ttk
root = Tk()
s = ttk.Style()
s.configure('MyOwn.TCheckbutton',
background='white',)
s.map('MyOwn.TCheckbutton',
foreground=[('active', 'red')])
cb = ttk.Checkbutton(root,text='Text',style='MyOwn.TCheckbutton')
cb.pack()
root.mainloop()
当我将鼠标悬停在复选框上时，我可以更改文本的颜色，但我找不到如何更改复选框的边框颜色。
你必须使用带有 ttk checkbutton 的样式映射，这与你可以使用配置的常规 tk 不同。查看 2 个链接参考文献
地图
https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-map.html
ttk 复选按钮
https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-Checkbutton.html
样式信息链接
https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-style-layer.html
https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-layouts.html
您的问题
我认为您遇到的问题是 Ttk Checkbutton 实际上不是绘制的小部件，而是图像。
如何发现？
如果看一看 github 项目 ttkthemes and takes a look at the themes folder, and goes to, for example, the radiance folder (this is an UBUNTU like theme) and then to the folder inside that labelled "radiance"。
你会看到这样的东西：
我们看到一个充满“GIF”的文件夹，这些是图像文件，如果向下滚动并找到文件：
check-dc.gif (Disabled Deselected)
check-du.gif (Disabled Deselected)
check-nc.gif (Normal Selected)
check-nu.gif (Normal Deselected)
如果我们查看这些文件，我们可以看到这些是复选按钮的所有可能的不同状态。
在 windows 下，这些复选按钮看起来像这样（生成 with this code）：
如何包含自定义复选按钮？
可以在 上找到一个很棒的 post，他们通过向 canvas 添加一个绿色和一个红色方块来创建自定义复选按钮，但是如果有人想要怎么办做一些类似于你想要的东西。在哪里更改复选按钮的颜色。
如何更改默认复选按钮的边框颜色？
首先让我们将所有的 Checkbutton 图像转换成 gif 格式，我已经为您完成了这一步，它们可以从 my Google Drive or my Gofile.
下载
您需要从我的 Google 驱动器中获取：
check-nc.gif (Normal Selected)
check-nu.gif (Normal Deselected)
因为您不需要担心停用的值，因为它们永远不会被聚焦。
现在让我们看看他们如何加载上述post中的图像：
on_image = tk.PhotoImage(width=48, height=24)
off_image = tk.PhotoImage(width=48, height=24)
on_image.put(("green",), to=(0, 0, 23,23))
off_image.put(("red",), to=(24, 0, 47, 23))
他们在这里创建了两张空白图片，尺寸为 48px X 24px，其中两张在左侧添加了一个绿色方块，另一张在右侧添加了一个。
我们的方法将是相似但略有不同，相反，我们将加载您下载的两个 gif 文件，然后我们将编写一个脚本来制作 4 个矩形，这些矩形将覆盖当前的灰色轮廓复选按钮。像这样：
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
def edit_check(colour, image):
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 1, 13)) # LEFT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 13, 1)) # TOP
image.put((colour,), to=(12, 0, 13, 13)) # RIGHT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 12, 13, 13)) # BOTTOM
def focus_in(event):
print(event)
image = off_image if var1.get() == 0 else on_image
edit_check("red", image)
cb1.configure(image=image)
cb1.image = image
def focus_out(event):
print(event)
image = off_image if var1.get() == 0 else on_image
edit_check("black", image)
cb1.configure(image=image)
cb1.image = image
on_image = tk.PhotoImage(file="check-nc.gif") # Instead of creating a new image we open an existing one
off_image = tk.PhotoImage(file="check-nu.gif") # Instead of creating a new image we open an existing one
var1 = tk.IntVar(value=0)
cb1 = tk.Checkbutton(root, image=off_image, selectimage=on_image, indicatoron=False,
onvalue=1, offvalue=0, variable=var1, offrelief='sunken')
cb1.pack(padx=20, pady=10)
# THESE IF YOU WANT TRUE FOCUS
#cb1.bind("<FocusIn>", focus_in)
#cb1.bind("<FocusOut>", focus_out)
# THESE IF YOU WANT MOUSE OVER
cb1.bind("<Enter>", focus_in)
cb1.bind("<Leave>", focus_out)
root.mainloop()
使用面向对象编程改进代码
这是更适合您的用例的系统（请注意，它不需要任何图像文件，因为文件被保存为 base64 字符串）
import tkinter as tk
check_nu = b'iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAANCAYAAABy6+R8AAABhGlDQ1BJQ0MgcHJvZmlsZQAAKJF9kT1Iw0AcxV9TRZEWB4uIOGSoTi2IijpKFYtgobQVWnUwufQLmjQkKS6OgmvBwY/FqoOLs64OroIg+AHi4uqk6CIl/i8ptIjx4Lgf7+497t4BQqPCVLNrHFA1y0jFY2I2tyr2vCKAIAYRwYzETD2RXszAc3zdw8fXuyjP8j735wgqeZMBPpF4jumGRbxBPL1p6Zz3iUOsJCnE58QRgy5I/Mh12eU3zkWHBZ4ZMjKpeeIQsVjsYLmDWclQiaeIw4qqUb6QdVnhvMVZrdRY6578hYG8tpLmOs0RxLGEBJIQIaOGMiqwEKVVI8VEivZjHv5hx58kl0yuMhg5FlCFCsnxg//B727NwuSEmxSIAd0vtv0xCvTsAs26bX8f23bzBPA/A1da219tALOfpNfbWvgI6N8GLq7bmrwHXO4AQ0+6ZEiO5KcpFArA+xl9Uw4YuAX61tzeWvs4fQAy1NXyDXBwCIwVKXvd4929nb39e6bV3w/0UXLbKEvbjQAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB+MMDRctIGmzOYIAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAALElEQVQoz2M0Njb+z0AiYGFgYGA4c+YMI7EaTExM/jMxkAFGNQ1jTYzkpD0ATtMHS/nRiQwAAAAASUVORK5CYII='
check_nc = b'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'
class example_window:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
chckbox = custom_checkbox(master, "red")
chckbox.pack(padx=20, pady=10)
class custom_checkbox(tk.Checkbutton):
def __init__(self, parent, colour, *args, **kwargs):
default_kwargs = {'image': None, 'selectimage': None, 'indicatoron': False,
'onvalue': 1, 'offvalue': 0, 'variable': None, 'offrelief': 'sunken'}
for key, value in default_kwargs.items():
if key not in kwargs:
kwargs[key] = value
self.colour = colour
self.curr_colour = "black"
self.hover = False
if kwargs['variable'] is None:
self.variable = kwargs['variable'] = tk.IntVar(value=1)
else:
self.variable = kwargs['variable']
print(kwargs, kwargs['variable'].get())
if kwargs['variable'].get() == 0:
if kwargs['image'] is None:
self.off_image = kwargs['image'] = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nu)
else:
self.off_image = kwargs['image']
if kwargs['selectimage'] is None:
self.on_image = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nc)
else:
self.on_image = kwargs['selectimage']
else:
if kwargs['image'] is None:
self.on_image = kwargs['image'] = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nc)
else:
self.on_image = kwargs['image']
if kwargs['selectimage'] is None:
self.off_image = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nu)
else:
self.off_image = kwargs['selectimage']
tk.Checkbutton.__init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs)
self.bind("<Enter>", self.focus_in)
self.bind("<Leave>", self.focus_out)
self.variable.trace("w", self.focus_update)
def edit_check(self, colour, image):
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 1, 13)) # LEFT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 13, 1)) # TOP
image.put((colour,), to=(12, 0, 13, 13)) # RIGHT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 12, 13, 13)) # BOTTOM
def focus_in(self, event=None):
image = self.on_image if self.variable.get() == self['onvalue'] else self.off_image
self.edit_check(self.colour, image)
self.curr_colour = self.colour
self.configure(image=image)
self.image = image
self.hover = True
def focus_out(self, event=None):
image = self.on_image if self.variable.get() == self['onvalue'] else self.off_image
self.edit_check("black", image)
self.curr_colour = "black"
self.configure(image=image)
self.image = image
self.hover = False
def focus_update(self, *args):
if self.variable.get() == self['onvalue']:
image = self.on_image
else:
image = self.off_image
self.configure(image=image)
self.image = image
if self.hover:
self.focus_in()
def main():
root = tk.Tk()
example_window_gui = example_window(root)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
如果您希望能够向此小部件添加文本，请查看 this code
我想更改 ttk.Checkbutton 小部件的边框颜色，默认情况下为浅蓝色。我尝试使用 ttk.Style() 的配置功能，并设法改变整个按钮或其他东西处于活动状态时的颜色，但不是复选框的边框。 另一个问题是我在哪里可以找到此类信息，例如可以在 ttk 样式中更改的所有选项的某种文档？
这是我尝试过的一个例子：
from tkinter import ttk
root = Tk()
s = ttk.Style()
s.configure('MyOwn.TCheckbutton',
background='white',)
s.map('MyOwn.TCheckbutton',
foreground=[('active', 'red')])
cb = ttk.Checkbutton(root,text='Text',style='MyOwn.TCheckbutton')
cb.pack()
root.mainloop()
当我将鼠标悬停在复选框上时，我可以更改文本的颜色，但我找不到如何更改复选框的边框颜色。
你必须使用带有 ttk checkbutton 的样式映射，这与你可以使用配置的常规 tk 不同。查看 2 个链接参考文献
地图 https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-map.html
ttk 复选按钮 https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-Checkbutton.html
样式信息链接
https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-style-layer.html
https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/ttk-layouts.html
您的问题
我认为您遇到的问题是 Ttk Checkbutton 实际上不是绘制的小部件，而是图像。
如何发现？
如果看一看 github 项目 ttkthemes and takes a look at the themes folder, and goes to, for example, the radiance folder (this is an UBUNTU like theme) and then to the folder inside that labelled "radiance"。
你会看到这样的东西：
check-dc.gif (Disabled Deselected)
check-du.gif (Disabled Deselected)
check-nc.gif (Normal Selected)
check-nu.gif (Normal Deselected)
如果我们查看这些文件，我们可以看到这些是复选按钮的所有可能的不同状态。
在 windows 下，这些复选按钮看起来像这样（生成 with this code）：
如何包含自定义复选按钮？
可以在
如何更改默认复选按钮的边框颜色？
首先让我们将所有的 Checkbutton 图像转换成 gif 格式，我已经为您完成了这一步，它们可以从 my Google Drive or my Gofile.
下载您需要从我的 Google 驱动器中获取：
check-nc.gif (Normal Selected)
check-nu.gif (Normal Deselected)
因为您不需要担心停用的值，因为它们永远不会被聚焦。
现在让我们看看他们如何加载上述post中的图像：
on_image = tk.PhotoImage(width=48, height=24)
off_image = tk.PhotoImage(width=48, height=24)
on_image.put(("green",), to=(0, 0, 23,23))
off_image.put(("red",), to=(24, 0, 47, 23))
他们在这里创建了两张空白图片，尺寸为 48px X 24px，其中两张在左侧添加了一个绿色方块，另一张在右侧添加了一个。
我们的方法将是相似但略有不同，相反，我们将加载您下载的两个 gif 文件，然后我们将编写一个脚本来制作 4 个矩形，这些矩形将覆盖当前的灰色轮廓复选按钮。像这样：
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
def edit_check(colour, image):
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 1, 13)) # LEFT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 13, 1)) # TOP
image.put((colour,), to=(12, 0, 13, 13)) # RIGHT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 12, 13, 13)) # BOTTOM
def focus_in(event):
print(event)
image = off_image if var1.get() == 0 else on_image
edit_check("red", image)
cb1.configure(image=image)
cb1.image = image
def focus_out(event):
print(event)
image = off_image if var1.get() == 0 else on_image
edit_check("black", image)
cb1.configure(image=image)
cb1.image = image
on_image = tk.PhotoImage(file="check-nc.gif") # Instead of creating a new image we open an existing one
off_image = tk.PhotoImage(file="check-nu.gif") # Instead of creating a new image we open an existing one
var1 = tk.IntVar(value=0)
cb1 = tk.Checkbutton(root, image=off_image, selectimage=on_image, indicatoron=False,
onvalue=1, offvalue=0, variable=var1, offrelief='sunken')
cb1.pack(padx=20, pady=10)
# THESE IF YOU WANT TRUE FOCUS
#cb1.bind("<FocusIn>", focus_in)
#cb1.bind("<FocusOut>", focus_out)
# THESE IF YOU WANT MOUSE OVER
cb1.bind("<Enter>", focus_in)
cb1.bind("<Leave>", focus_out)
root.mainloop()
使用面向对象编程改进代码
这是更适合您的用例的系统（请注意，它不需要任何图像文件，因为文件被保存为 base64 字符串）
import tkinter as tk
check_nu = b'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'
check_nc = b'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'
class example_window:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
chckbox = custom_checkbox(master, "red")
chckbox.pack(padx=20, pady=10)
class custom_checkbox(tk.Checkbutton):
def __init__(self, parent, colour, *args, **kwargs):
default_kwargs = {'image': None, 'selectimage': None, 'indicatoron': False,
'onvalue': 1, 'offvalue': 0, 'variable': None, 'offrelief': 'sunken'}
for key, value in default_kwargs.items():
if key not in kwargs:
kwargs[key] = value
self.colour = colour
self.curr_colour = "black"
self.hover = False
if kwargs['variable'] is None:
self.variable = kwargs['variable'] = tk.IntVar(value=1)
else:
self.variable = kwargs['variable']
print(kwargs, kwargs['variable'].get())
if kwargs['variable'].get() == 0:
if kwargs['image'] is None:
self.off_image = kwargs['image'] = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nu)
else:
self.off_image = kwargs['image']
if kwargs['selectimage'] is None:
self.on_image = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nc)
else:
self.on_image = kwargs['selectimage']
else:
if kwargs['image'] is None:
self.on_image = kwargs['image'] = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nc)
else:
self.on_image = kwargs['image']
if kwargs['selectimage'] is None:
self.off_image = tk.PhotoImage(data=check_nu)
else:
self.off_image = kwargs['selectimage']
tk.Checkbutton.__init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs)
self.bind("<Enter>", self.focus_in)
self.bind("<Leave>", self.focus_out)
self.variable.trace("w", self.focus_update)
def edit_check(self, colour, image):
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 1, 13)) # LEFT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 0, 13, 1)) # TOP
image.put((colour,), to=(12, 0, 13, 13)) # RIGHT
image.put((colour,), to=(0, 12, 13, 13)) # BOTTOM
def focus_in(self, event=None):
image = self.on_image if self.variable.get() == self['onvalue'] else self.off_image
self.edit_check(self.colour, image)
self.curr_colour = self.colour
self.configure(image=image)
self.image = image
self.hover = True
def focus_out(self, event=None):
image = self.on_image if self.variable.get() == self['onvalue'] else self.off_image
self.edit_check("black", image)
self.curr_colour = "black"
self.configure(image=image)
self.image = image
self.hover = False
def focus_update(self, *args):
if self.variable.get() == self['onvalue']:
image = self.on_image
else:
image = self.off_image
self.configure(image=image)
self.image = image
if self.hover:
self.focus_in()
def main():
root = tk.Tk()
example_window_gui = example_window(root)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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