如何解析纯MEDLINE格式文件

Question

我需要处理具有以下结构的 MEDLINE 文件：

PMID- 1
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121113
TI  - Formate assay in body fluids: application in methanol poisoning.

PMID- 2
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121113
TI  - Delineation of the intimate details of the backbone conformation of pyridine
      nucleotide coenzymes in aqueous solution.

PMID- 21
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121113
TI  - [Biochemical studies on camomile components/III. In vitro studies about the
      antipeptic activity of (--)-alpha-bisabolol (author's transl)].
AB  - (--)-alpha-Bisabolol has a primary antipeptic action depending on dosage, which
      is not caused by an alteration of the pH-value. The proteolytic activity of
      pepsin is reduced by 50 percent through addition of bisabolol in the ratio of
      1/0.5. The antipeptic action of bisabolol only occurs in case of direct contact.
      In case of a previous contact with the substrate, the inhibiting effect is lost.

主要任务是仅打印属于 PMID、TI 和 AB 字段的行。但是，我从下面粘贴的脚本开始。

问题：不知道为什么med.records对象在处理结束时为空？任何想法表示赞赏。

import re

class Medline:
    """ MEDLINE file structure """
    def __init__(self, in_file=None):
        """ Initialize and parse input """
        self.records = []
        if in_file:
            self.parse(in_file)

    def parse(self, in_file):
        """ Parse input file """
        self.current_tag = None
        self.current_record = None
        prog = re.compile("^(....)- (.*)")
        lines = []
        # Skip blank lines
        for line in in_file:
            line = line.rstrip()
            if line == "":
                continue
            if not line.startswith("      "):
                match = prog.match(line)
                if match:
                    tag = match.groups()[0]
                    field = match.groups()[1]
                    self.process_field(tag, field)

    def process_field(self, tag, field):
        """ Process MEDLINE file field """
        if tag == "PMID":
            self.current_record = {tag: field}

def main():
    """ Test the code """
    import pprint
    with open("medline_file.txt", "rt") as medline_file:
        med = Medline(medline_file)
        pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter()
        pp.pprint(med.records)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Answer 1

打错了。

您在 self.current_record 中的 process_field(self, tag, field) 中保存了您的标签和字段。

self.current_record = {tag: field}

但后来你什么也没做。主要是打印字段记录：

pp.pprint(med.records)

您永远不会在其中附加任何内容。所以它当然是空的。

一个解决方案是：

def process_field(self, tag, field):
    """ Process MEDLINE file field """
    if tag == "PMID":
        self.records.append({tag: field})

这将生成输出：

[{'PMID': '1'}, {'PMID': '2'}, {'PMID': '21'}]

此外：您说 AB 字段很重要。不要忘记，因为你有这一行： if not line.startswith(" "): 只有 AB 的第一行将被保存为标签（例如： AB - (--)-alpha-Bisabolol has a primary antipeptic action depending on dosage, which ）并且所有其他行都被过滤。

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