如何修复 Cakephp 4 Composer 安装错误

Question

在通过 Composer 安装 cakephp 4.0 的所有包时遇到问题。运行使用 PHP 7.4.0

在 Windows 上安装全新的 wamp 服务器

这是作曲家的输出。使用在 cakephp 文档中找到的命令。

www/> composer create-project --prefer-dist cakephp/app:^4.0 myapp
Installing cakephp/app (4.0.0)
  - Installing cakephp/app (4.0.0): Loading from cache
Created project in kollectit
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

  Problem 1
    - The requested package cakephp/bake ^4.0 exists as cakephp/bake[0.1.0, 0.1.10, 1.0.0, 1.0.1, 1.0.10, 1.0.11, 1.0.12, 1.0.13, 1.0.14, 1.0.2, 1.0.3, 1.0.4, 1.0.5, 1.0.6, 1.0.7, 1.0.8, 1.0.9, 1.1.0, 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.1.4, 1.10.0, 1.10.1, 1.11.0, 1.11.1, 1.11.2, 1.12.0, 1.2.0, 1.2.1, 1.2.10, 1.2.11, 1.2.12, 1.2.13, 1.2.14, 1.2.2, 1.2.3, 1.2.4, 1.2.5, 1.2.6, 1.2.7, 1.2.8, 1.2.9, 1.3.0, 1.3.1, 1.3.2, 1.3.3, 1.3.4, 1.3.5, 1.3.6, 1.3.7, 1.4.0, 1.4.1, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 1.4.4, 1.5.0, 1.5.1, 1.5.2, 1.5.3, 1.5.4, 1.5.5, 1.5.6, 1.5.7, 1.6.0, 1.6.1, 1.6.2, 1.6.3, 1.6.4, 1.7.0, 1.7.1, 1.7.2, 1.7.3, 1.8.0, 1.8.1, 1.8.2, 1.8.3, 1.8.4, 1.8.5, 1.8.6, 1.8.7, 1.9.0, 1.9.1, 1.9.2, 1.9.3, 1.9.4, 1.9.5, 1.9.6, 1.x-dev, 2.0.0, 2.0.1, 2.0.2, 2.0.3, dev-3.next, dev-dereuromark-patch-1, dev-fix-old-alias, dev-master, dev-twigview-5] but these are rejected by your constraint.
  Problem 2
    - Installation request for cakephp/migrations 3.0.0-beta1 -> satisfiable by cakephp/migrations[3.0.0-beta1].
    - cakephp/migrations 3.0.0-beta1 requires robmorgan/phinx 0.11.x-dev -> no matching package found.

Potential causes:
 - A typo in the package name
 - The package is not available in a stable-enough version according to your minimum-stability setting
   see <https://getcomposer.org/doc/04-schema.md#minimum-stability> for more details.
 - It's a private package and you forgot to add a custom repository to find it

Read <https://getcomposer.org/doc/articles/troubleshooting.md> for further common problems.

基本的 cakephp 安装在 /myapp 文件夹中，但想知道错误以及是否需要它们（如果需要如何解决？）

这是创建的composer.json：

{
    "name": "cakephp/app",
    "description": "CakePHP skeleton app",
    "homepage": "https://cakephp.org",
    "type": "project",
    "license": "MIT",
    "require": {
        "php": ">=7.2",
        "cakephp/cakephp": "^4.0",
        "cakephp/migrations": "3.0.0-beta1",
        "cakephp/plugin-installer": "^1.0",
        "mobiledetect/mobiledetectlib": "2.*"
    },
    "require-dev": {
        "cakephp/bake": "^4.0",
        "cakephp/cakephp-codesniffer": "dev-next",
        "cakephp/debug_kit": "^4.0",
        "josegonzalez/dotenv": "3.*",
        "phpunit/phpunit": "^8.0",
        "psy/psysh": "@stable"
    },
    "suggest": {
        "markstory/asset_compress": "An asset compression plugin which provides file concatenation and a flexible filter system for preprocessing and minification.",
        "dereuromark/cakephp-ide-helper": "After baking your code, this keeps your annotations in sync with the code evolving from there on for maximum IDE and PHPStan/Psalm compatibility."
    },
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\": "src/"
        }
    },
    "autoload-dev": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\Test\": "tests/",
            "Cake\Test\": "vendor/cakephp/cakephp/tests/"
        }
    },
    "scripts": {
        "post-install-cmd": "App\Console\Installer::postInstall",
        "post-create-project-cmd": "App\Console\Installer::postInstall",
        "post-autoload-dump": "Cake\Composer\Installer\PluginInstaller::postAutoloadDump",
        "check": [
            "@test",
            "@cs-check"
        ],
        "cs-check": "phpcs --colors -p --standard=vendor/cakephp/cakephp-codesniffer/CakePHP src/ tests/",
        "cs-fix": "phpcbf --colors --standard=vendor/cakephp/cakephp-codesniffer/CakePHP src/ tests/",
        "stan": "phpstan analyse src/",
        "stan-setup": "cp composer.json composer.backup && composer require --dev phpstan/phpstan-shim:^0.11 && mv composer.backup composer.json",
        "test": "phpunit --colors=always"
    },
    "prefer-stable": true,
    "config": {
        "sort-packages": true
    },
    "minimum-stability": "dev"
}

谢谢！

Answer 1

您需要安装最新的应用程序模板（4.0.2 当前），已对此进行了一些修复。

问题是您在 Windows 命令行上使用 ^，其中脱字符是转义字符，即它不会传递给作曲家，作曲家只会接收 cakephp/app:4.0，这意味着它将安装 4.0.0。

简单修复，将包参数用双引号引起来：

composer create-project --prefer-dist "cakephp/app:^4.0" myapp

或者根本不指定版本约束，它会自动给你最新的稳定版本：

composer create-project --prefer-dist cakephp/app myapp

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