如何让QTableView在再次加载数据后刷新背景颜色
How to make QTableView refresh Background color after it loads data again
我对 QTableView 有以下疑问，我添加了一些代码，根据数据框在最后一列中包含的字符串更改行背景.
def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
if index.isValid():
if role == Qt.BackgroundRole:
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "Ready for QC":
return QBrush(Qt.yellow)
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "In Progress":
return QBrush(Qt.green)
if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return str(self._data.iloc[index.row(), index.column()])
return None
当 table 第一次加载时它正确地绘制了 Table，问题是我有一个特定的代码部分总是每 5 秒运行一次以刷新 Table 有新鲜的信息。
def printit():
threading.Timer(5.0, printit).start()
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel('PCS tasks 2020.xlsm',sheet_name='W'+str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux['Date Received'] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[["Requestor","Subject","Task type","Created by","QC Executive","Status"]].fillna("")
df = df[df['Status'] != "Completed"]
model = pandasModel(df)
view.setModel(None)
view.setModel(model)
问题在于，当上面的代码运行时，table 实际上会更新数据，但不会更改颜色。我目前尝试过不同的方法，例如
定义 setData 并在那里更新颜色但无济于事。现在我问你是否有人知道更新 QTableView 上的颜色。
顺便说一下，我在下面附上 python 程序的完整代码以提供上下文。
import sys
import pandas as pd
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QTableView
from PyQt5.QtCore import QAbstractTableModel, Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QBrush
from datetime import date, datetime
import threading
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel('PCS tasks 2020.xlsm',sheet_name='W'+str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux['Date Received'] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[["Requestor","Subject","Task type","Created by","QC Executive","Status"]].fillna("")
df = df[df['Status'] != "Completed"]
def printit():
threading.Timer(5.0, printit).start()
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel('PCS tasks 2020.xlsm',sheet_name='W'+str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux['Date Received'] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[["Requestor","Subject","Task type","Created by","QC Executive","Status"]].fillna("")
df = df[df['Status'] != "Completed"]
model = pandasModel(df)
view.setModel(None)
view.setModel(model)
class pandasModel(QAbstractTableModel):
def __init__(self, data):
QAbstractTableModel.__init__(self)
self._data = data
def rowCount(self, parent=None):
return self._data.shape[0]
def columnCount(self, parent=None):
return self._data.shape[1] -1
def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
if index.isValid():
if role == Qt.BackgroundRole:
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "Ready for QC":
return QBrush(Qt.yellow)
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "In Progress":
return QBrush(Qt.green)
if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return str(self._data.iloc[index.row(), index.column()])
return None
def headerData(self, col, orientation, role):
if orientation == Qt.Horizontal and role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return self._data.columns[col]
return None
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
model = pandasModel(df)
view = QTableView()
view.setModel(model)
view.resize(523, 300)
printit()
view.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
我了解到您正在使用 threading.Timer()，因为加载和处理数据帧的过程非常耗时，并且您想执行周期性任务（如果任务不消耗太多时间，那么另一种选择是使用 QTimer) 但问题是您正在创建一个模型并添加可见的信息，这些信息是来自另一个线程的 GUI 的一部分，如 the docs.[=15= 所示，Qt 禁止该线程]
考虑到上面最好把副线程的信息通过signals发送给主线程，我也实现了一个重置模型信息的方法，避免了创建新模型的需要，最后我已添加验证码，确保验证码不会失败
import sys
import pandas as pd
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, pyqtSlot, QAbstractTableModel, QObject, Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QBrush
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QTableView
import threading
class PandasManager(QObject):
dataFrameChanged = pyqtSignal(pd.DataFrame)
def start(self):
self.t = threading.Timer(0, self.load)
self.t.start()
def load(self):
import random
headers = list("ABCDEFG")
data = [random.sample(range(255), len(headers)) for _ in headers]
for d in data:
d[5] = random.choice(["Ready for QC", "In Progress", "Another option"])
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=headers,)
self.dataFrameChanged.emit(df)
self.t = threading.Timer(5.0, self.load)
self.t.start()
def stop(self):
self.t.cancel()
class PandasModel(QAbstractTableModel):
def __init__(self, df=pd.DataFrame()):
QAbstractTableModel.__init__(self)
self._df = df
@pyqtSlot(pd.DataFrame)
def setDataFrame(self, df):
self.beginResetModel()
self._df = df
self.endResetModel()
def rowCount(self, parent=None):
return self._df.shape[0]
def columnCount(self, parent=None):
return self._df.shape[1]
def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
if index.isValid():
if role == Qt.BackgroundRole:
if self.columnCount() >= 6:
it = self._df.iloc[index.row(), 5]
if it == "Ready for QC":
return QBrush(Qt.yellow)
if it == "In Progress":
return QBrush(Qt.green)
if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return str(self._df.iloc[index.row(), index.column()])
def headerData(self, col, orientation, role):
if orientation == Qt.Horizontal and role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return self._df.columns[col]
return None
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = QTableView()
model = PandasModel()
w.setModel(model)
w.show()
manager = PandasManager()
manager.dataFrameChanged.connect(model.setDataFrame)
manager.start()
ret = app.exec_()
manager.stop()
sys.exit(ret)
如您所见，我为测试随机创建了数据帧，但如果您想使用您的代码，则必须按如下方式替换它：
def load(self):
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel("PCS tasks 2020.xlsm", sheet_name="W" + str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux["Date Received"] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[
[
"Requestor",
"Subject",
"Task type",
"Created by",
"QC Executive",
"Status",
]
].fillna("")
df = df[df["Status"] != "Completed"]
self.dataFrameChanged.emit(df)
self.t = threading.Timer(5.0, self.load)
self.t.start()
我对 QTableView 有以下疑问，我添加了一些代码，根据数据框在最后一列中包含的字符串更改行背景.
def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
if index.isValid():
if role == Qt.BackgroundRole:
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "Ready for QC":
return QBrush(Qt.yellow)
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "In Progress":
return QBrush(Qt.green)
if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return str(self._data.iloc[index.row(), index.column()])
return None
当 table 第一次加载时它正确地绘制了 Table，问题是我有一个特定的代码部分总是每 5 秒运行一次以刷新 Table 有新鲜的信息。
def printit():
threading.Timer(5.0, printit).start()
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel('PCS tasks 2020.xlsm',sheet_name='W'+str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux['Date Received'] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[["Requestor","Subject","Task type","Created by","QC Executive","Status"]].fillna("")
df = df[df['Status'] != "Completed"]
model = pandasModel(df)
view.setModel(None)
view.setModel(model)
问题在于，当上面的代码运行时，table 实际上会更新数据，但不会更改颜色。我目前尝试过不同的方法，例如 定义 setData 并在那里更新颜色但无济于事。现在我问你是否有人知道更新 QTableView 上的颜色。
顺便说一下，我在下面附上 python 程序的完整代码以提供上下文。
import sys
import pandas as pd
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QTableView
from PyQt5.QtCore import QAbstractTableModel, Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QBrush
from datetime import date, datetime
import threading
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel('PCS tasks 2020.xlsm',sheet_name='W'+str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux['Date Received'] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[["Requestor","Subject","Task type","Created by","QC Executive","Status"]].fillna("")
df = df[df['Status'] != "Completed"]
def printit():
threading.Timer(5.0, printit).start()
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel('PCS tasks 2020.xlsm',sheet_name='W'+str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux['Date Received'] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[["Requestor","Subject","Task type","Created by","QC Executive","Status"]].fillna("")
df = df[df['Status'] != "Completed"]
model = pandasModel(df)
view.setModel(None)
view.setModel(model)
class pandasModel(QAbstractTableModel):
def __init__(self, data):
QAbstractTableModel.__init__(self)
self._data = data
def rowCount(self, parent=None):
return self._data.shape[0]
def columnCount(self, parent=None):
return self._data.shape[1] -1
def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
if index.isValid():
if role == Qt.BackgroundRole:
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "Ready for QC":
return QBrush(Qt.yellow)
if df.iloc[index.row(),5] == "In Progress":
return QBrush(Qt.green)
if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return str(self._data.iloc[index.row(), index.column()])
return None
def headerData(self, col, orientation, role):
if orientation == Qt.Horizontal and role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return self._data.columns[col]
return None
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
model = pandasModel(df)
view = QTableView()
view.setModel(model)
view.resize(523, 300)
printit()
view.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
我了解到您正在使用 threading.Timer()，因为加载和处理数据帧的过程非常耗时，并且您想执行周期性任务（如果任务不消耗太多时间，那么另一种选择是使用 QTimer) 但问题是您正在创建一个模型并添加可见的信息，这些信息是来自另一个线程的 GUI 的一部分，如 the docs.[=15= 所示，Qt 禁止该线程]
考虑到上面最好把副线程的信息通过signals发送给主线程，我也实现了一个重置模型信息的方法，避免了创建新模型的需要，最后我已添加验证码，确保验证码不会失败
import sys
import pandas as pd
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, pyqtSlot, QAbstractTableModel, QObject, Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QBrush
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QTableView
import threading
class PandasManager(QObject):
dataFrameChanged = pyqtSignal(pd.DataFrame)
def start(self):
self.t = threading.Timer(0, self.load)
self.t.start()
def load(self):
import random
headers = list("ABCDEFG")
data = [random.sample(range(255), len(headers)) for _ in headers]
for d in data:
d[5] = random.choice(["Ready for QC", "In Progress", "Another option"])
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=headers,)
self.dataFrameChanged.emit(df)
self.t = threading.Timer(5.0, self.load)
self.t.start()
def stop(self):
self.t.cancel()
class PandasModel(QAbstractTableModel):
def __init__(self, df=pd.DataFrame()):
QAbstractTableModel.__init__(self)
self._df = df
@pyqtSlot(pd.DataFrame)
def setDataFrame(self, df):
self.beginResetModel()
self._df = df
self.endResetModel()
def rowCount(self, parent=None):
return self._df.shape[0]
def columnCount(self, parent=None):
return self._df.shape[1]
def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
if index.isValid():
if role == Qt.BackgroundRole:
if self.columnCount() >= 6:
it = self._df.iloc[index.row(), 5]
if it == "Ready for QC":
return QBrush(Qt.yellow)
if it == "In Progress":
return QBrush(Qt.green)
if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return str(self._df.iloc[index.row(), index.column()])
def headerData(self, col, orientation, role):
if orientation == Qt.Horizontal and role == Qt.DisplayRole:
return self._df.columns[col]
return None
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = QTableView()
model = PandasModel()
w.setModel(model)
w.show()
manager = PandasManager()
manager.dataFrameChanged.connect(model.setDataFrame)
manager.start()
ret = app.exec_()
manager.stop()
sys.exit(ret)
如您所见，我为测试随机创建了数据帧，但如果您想使用您的代码，则必须按如下方式替换它：
def load(self):
weekNumber = date.today().isocalendar()[1]
aux = pd.read_excel("PCS tasks 2020.xlsm", sheet_name="W" + str(weekNumber))
today = datetime.today()
df = aux[aux["Date Received"] == today.strftime("%Y-%d-%m")]
df = df[
[
"Requestor",
"Subject",
"Task type",
"Created by",
"QC Executive",
"Status",
]
].fillna("")
df = df[df["Status"] != "Completed"]
self.dataFrameChanged.emit(df)
self.t = threading.Timer(5.0, self.load)
self.t.start()