使用 Spring Boot 2.1+ 配置 Hibernate 缓存

Configuring caching for Hibernate with Spring Boot 2.1+

上下文和问题

我正在尝试在 Spring Boot 2.2 中使用 Hibernate 配置 EHCache,但似乎我做错了什么。 我看过几个教程和 SO 问题,但没有找到完全符合我的方法的内容。

我选择了一个没有-XML的方法,用于缓存的jcache配置。 但是,Hibernate 没有检测到现有的缓存管理器(我检查甚至使用 @AutoconfigureBefore 强制执行:缓存管理器在 Hibernate 自动配置 之前 加载)。 结果,Hibernate 创建了第二个 EhcacheManager 并抛出几个警告,如下所示:

HHH90001006: Missing cache[com.example.demo.one.dto.MyModel] was created on-the-fly. The created cache will use a provider-specific default configuration: make sure you defined one. You can disable this warning by setting 'hibernate.javax.cache.missing_cache_strategy' to 'create'.

我尝试使用 HibernatePropertiesCustomizer 来告诉 Hibernate 它应该使用哪个缓存管理器。 该 bean 已实例化,但从未被调用,因此它失去了所有吸引力和用途。

有人知道我做错了什么以及我应该如何让 Hibernate 使用我已经配置的缓存管理器而不是创建他自己的缓存管理器吗?

我将我的配置与 JHipster 生成的配置进行了比较。 它看起来非常相似,尽管它们的 HibernatePropertiesCustomizer 调用的。 我没有成功识别他们的缓存配置和我的之间的区别。

后来测试的笔记(编辑)

这似乎与我的数据源配置有关(请参阅下面的代码)。 我尝试删除它并以更简单的方式启用我的 JPA 配置,并且确实按预期调用了 HibernatePropertiesCustomizer

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories("com.example.demo.one.repository")
public class DemoApplication {

实际上,手动配置了我的数据源(因为我需要处理两个不同的数据源),我绕过了 Spring Boot 的 DataSourceAutoConfiguration,而 它的 HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration 是未应用。 此自动配置是应用 HibernatePropertiesCustomizer 的自动配置(相反​​,它调用 HibernateJpaConfiguration 来执行此操作)。 但是,我不确定应该如何调用此配置来应用它。

代码示例

依赖关系

我使用以下依赖项(我让 spring-boot-starter-parent 设置版本):

缓存配置

package com.example.demo.config;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.ehcache.config.builders.CacheConfigurationBuilder;
import org.ehcache.config.builders.ExpiryPolicyBuilder;
import org.ehcache.config.builders.ResourcePoolsBuilder;
import org.ehcache.jsr107.Eh107Configuration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureBefore;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.JCacheManagerCustomizer;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernatePropertiesCustomizer;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.cache.CacheManager;
import java.time.Duration;

@Configuration
@EnableCaching
@Slf4j
//@AutoConfigureBefore(value = {DataSource1Config.class, DataSource2Config.class})
public class CacheConfiguration {

    private static final int TIME_TO_LIVE_SECONDS = 240;
    private static final int MAX_ELEMENTS_DEFAULT = 200;

    // Create this configuration as a bean so that it is used to customize automatically created caches
    @Bean
    public javax.cache.configuration.Configuration<Object, Object> jcacheConfiguration() {
        final org.ehcache.config.CacheConfiguration<Object, Object> cacheConfiguration =
            CacheConfigurationBuilder
                .newCacheConfigurationBuilder(Object.class, Object.class, ResourcePoolsBuilder.heap(MAX_ELEMENTS_DEFAULT))
                .withExpiry(ExpiryPolicyBuilder.timeToLiveExpiration(Duration.ofSeconds(TIME_TO_LIVE_SECONDS)))
                .build();
        return Eh107Configuration.fromEhcacheCacheConfiguration(
            cacheConfiguration
        );
    }

    @Bean
    public HibernatePropertiesCustomizer hibernatePropertiesCustomizer(javax.cache.CacheManager cacheManager) {
        log.error(">>>>>>>>>>>> customizer setup"); // Printed
        return hibernateProperties -> {
            log.error(">>>>>>>>>>>> customizer called"); // Not printed
hibernateProperties.put("hibernate.javax.cache.cache_manager", cacheManager);
        };
    }

    @Bean
    public JCacheManagerCustomizer cacheManagerCustomizer(javax.cache.configuration.Configuration<Object, Object> jcacheConfiguration) {
        return cm -> {
            createCache(cm, com.example.demo.one.dto.MyModel.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
        };
    }

    private void createCache(CacheManager cm, String cacheName, javax.cache.configuration.Configuration<Object, Object> jcacheConfiguration) {
        javax.cache.Cache<Object, Object> cache = cm.getCache(cacheName);
        if (cache != null) {
            cm.destroyCache(cacheName);
        }
        cm.createCache(cacheName, jcacheConfiguration);
    }
}

数据源配置

我有两个数据源。 第二个与这个类似,减去 @Primary 注释。 删除第二个数据源并不能解决问题。

package com.example.demo.config;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
    basePackages = "com.example.demo.one.repository",
    entityManagerFactoryRef = "dataSource1EntityManagerFactory",
    transactionManagerRef = "transactionManager1"
)
public class DataSource1Config {

    @Bean
    @Primary
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "datasource.one")
    public DataSourceProperties dataSource1Properties() {
        return new DataSourceProperties();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public DataSource dataSource1(DataSourceProperties dataSource1Properties) {
        return dataSource1Properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean dataSource1EntityManagerFactory(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder, DataSource dataSource1) {
        return builder
            .dataSource(dataSource1)
            .packages("com.example.demo.one.dto")
            .build();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager1(EntityManagerFactory dataSource1EntityManagerFactory) {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(dataSource1EntityManagerFactory);
    }
}

application.yml

spring:
  jpa:
    database: <my-db>
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: validate
    properties:
      hibernate:
        dialect: <my-dialect>
        jdbc.time_zone: UTC
        javax:
          cache:
          #missing_cache_strategy: fail # Useful for testing if Hibernate creates a second cache manager
        cache:
          use_second_level_cache: true
          use_query_cache: false
          region.factory_class: jcache

这并不容易,但我找到了原因和解决方案。

原因

基本上,问题出在我自己配置​​LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean

如果您不这样做,Spring Boot 将使用它的自动配置来创建一切都很好,包括供应商属性(您在 spring.jpa.properties 下拥有的所有内容)、休眠属性(在 spring.jpa.hibernate),并应用默认设置和自定义设置,其中我寻找已久的 HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.

但是因为我需要有多个数据源,所以我绕过了所有这些,听了我的教程,我做了懒惰的跟随。

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean dataSource1EntityManagerFactory(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder, DataSource dataSource1) {
        return builder
            .dataSource(dataSource1)
            .packages("com.example.demo.one.dto")
            .build();
    }

解决方案

简而言之

解决方案几乎很简单:做所有事情 Spring Boot 会做的。 仅 "Almost",因为这些机制中的大多数都依赖于自动配置(覆盖这些是一种代码味道,所以这不是实现它的方法)and/or internal/protected classes(这你不能直接打电话)。

可能会变脆?

这意味着您基本上必须将 Spring Boot 的代码复制到您自己的代码中,可能会对 Spring Boot 的未来升级造成一些脆弱性(或者只是您的代码不会受益于最新的 bug/performances 修复)。 从这方面来说,我不太喜欢我在这里提出的解决方案。

详细指南

你依赖的豆子

您需要将以下 bean 注入到您的数据源配置中:

  • org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateProperties
  • org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties
  • List<org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernatePropertiesCustomizer>

要执行的操作

借鉴 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaConfiguration,我添加了 hibernate.resource.beans.container 属性 定制器。 但是,我跳过了在我们的项目中不是问题的命名策略。

这为我提供了以下构造函数和方法:


    public DataSource1Config(
        JpaProperties jpaProperties,
        HibernateProperties hibernateProperties,
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
        ObjectProvider<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> hibernatePropertiesCustomizers
    ) {
        this.jpaProperties = jpaProperties;
        this.hibernateProperties = hibernateProperties;
        this.hibernatePropertiesCustomizers = determineHibernatePropertiesCustomizers(
            beanFactory,
            hibernatePropertiesCustomizers.orderedStream().collect(Collectors.toList())
        );
    }

    private List<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> determineHibernatePropertiesCustomizers(
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
        List<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> hibernatePropertiesCustomizers
    ) {
        List<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> customizers = new ArrayList<>();
        if (ClassUtils.isPresent("org.hibernate.resource.beans.container.spi.BeanContainer",
            getClass().getClassLoader())) {
            customizers.add((properties) -> properties.put(AvailableSettings.BEAN_CONTAINER, new SpringBeanContainer(beanFactory)));
        }
        customizers.addAll(hibernatePropertiesCustomizers);
        return customizers;
    }

然后,根据 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaBaseConfiguration,我加载了供应商属性。 在这里,我再次跳过了一些您可以查看的自动自定义(JpaBaseConfiguration#customizeVendorProperties(Map) 及其在 subclasses 中的实现)。

    private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {
        return new LinkedHashMap<>(
            this.hibernateProperties
                .determineHibernateProperties(jpaProperties.getProperties(),
                    new HibernateSettings()
                        // Spring Boot's HibernateDefaultDdlAutoProvider is not available here
                        .hibernatePropertiesCustomizers(this.hibernatePropertiesCustomizers)
                )
        );
    }

完成配置class

作为参考,我在应用上述详细更改后向您提供我的完整配置 class。

package com.example.demo.config;

import org.hibernate.cfg.AvailableSettings;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernatePropertiesCustomizer;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateSettings;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SpringBeanContainer;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;

import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
    basePackages = "com.example.demo.one.repository",
    entityManagerFactoryRef = "dataSource1EntityManagerFactory",
    transactionManagerRef = "TransactionManager1"
)
public class DataSource1Config {

    private final JpaProperties jpaProperties;
    private final HibernateProperties hibernateProperties;
    private final List<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> hibernatePropertiesCustomizers;

    public DataSource1Config(
        JpaProperties jpaProperties,
        HibernateProperties hibernateProperties,
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
        ObjectProvider<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> hibernatePropertiesCustomizers
    ) {
        this.jpaProperties = jpaProperties;
        this.hibernateProperties = hibernateProperties;
        this.hibernatePropertiesCustomizers = determineHibernatePropertiesCustomizers(
            beanFactory,
            hibernatePropertiesCustomizers.orderedStream().collect(Collectors.toList())
        );
    }

    private List<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> determineHibernatePropertiesCustomizers(
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
        List<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> hibernatePropertiesCustomizers
    ) {
        List<HibernatePropertiesCustomizer> customizers = new ArrayList<>();
        if (ClassUtils.isPresent("org.hibernate.resource.beans.container.spi.BeanContainer",
            getClass().getClassLoader())) {
            customizers.add((properties) -> properties.put(AvailableSettings.BEAN_CONTAINER, new SpringBeanContainer(beanFactory)));
        }
        customizers.addAll(hibernatePropertiesCustomizers);
        return customizers;
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "datasource.lib")
    public DataSourceProperties dataSource1Properties() {
        return new DataSourceProperties();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public DataSource dataSource1(DataSourceProperties dataSource1Properties) {
        return dataSource1Properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean dataSource1EntityManagerFactory(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder factoryBuilder, DataSource dataSource1) {
        final Map<String, Object> vendorProperties = getVendorProperties();

        return factoryBuilder
            .dataSource(dataSource1)
            .packages("com.example.demo.one.dto")
            .properties(vendorProperties)
            .build();
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager1(EntityManagerFactory dataSource1EntityManagerFactory) {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(dataSource1EntityManagerFactory);
    }

    private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {
        return new LinkedHashMap<>(
            this.hibernateProperties
                .determineHibernateProperties(jpaProperties.getProperties(),
                    new HibernateSettings()
                        // Spring Boot's HibernateDefaultDdlAutoProvider is not available here
                        .hibernatePropertiesCustomizers(this.hibernatePropertiesCustomizers)
                )
        );
    }
}

您可以简单地将 cacheManager 注入并放入您的 dataSource1EntityManagerFactory 中。无需使用 HibernatePropertiesCustomizer

@Bean
@Primary
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean dataSource1EntityManagerFactory(
        EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder,
        DataSource dataSource1,
        javax.cache.CacheManager cacheManager) {
    return builder
            .dataSource(dataSource1)
            .properties(Map.of(org.hibernate.cache.jcache.ConfigSettings.CACHE_MANAGER, cacheManager))
            .packages("com.example.demo.one.dto")
            .build();
}