使用 cmake 链接外部 cblas 归档库
Linking external cblas archive library using cmake
我在我的 Linux Fedora 环境中下载并构建了（看似正确的）相关的 BLAS 和 CBLAS 库（来自 netlib.org/blas）。结果是一个 blas_LINUX.a 文件，我将其重命名为 libblas.a 并复制到 \usr\local\lib，还有一个 cblas.h 文件，我将其复制到 \usr\include。我随后尝试在 CLion 项目的 CMakeList.txt 文件中引用它。文件如下：
project(test C)
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 99)
include_directories(include)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c)
find_library(blas libblas.a /usr/local/lib)
MESSAGE(STATUS "CBLAS location is: " ${blas})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${blas})
根据重新加载时 cmake 生成的消息，cblas 库似乎可以正常找到。但是，当我尝试 运行 我的应用程序时，我收到以下链接器错误消息：
undefined reference to `cblas_dgemm`
以下是我的 main.c 文件
的内容
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cblas.h>
int main(int arg, char *args[]) {
.
.
.
printf("Processing cblas_dgemm matrix multiplication.\n");
cblas_dgemm(CblasRowMajor, CblasNoTrans, CblasNoTrans, N, N, N, alpha, A[0], N, B[0], N, beta, C[0], N);
.
.
.
return 0;
}
我不完全确定我哪里出错了。我是使用 cmake 的新手，在网上搜索时，我正在绕圈子试图找出问题所在。任何正确方向的指示都将受到极大的欢迎和赞赏。
修正（CMakeOutput.txt如下）
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动态链接器似乎找不到共享库。
您可以使用 ldd 检查动态依赖关系
查看 /bin/ls
的依赖关系的示例
ldd /bin/ls
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcc3563000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f87e5459000)
libcap.so.2 => /lib64/libcap.so.2 (0x00007f87e5254000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f87e4e92000)
libpcre.so.1 => /lib64/libpcre.so.1 (0x00007f87e4c22000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f87e4a1e000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00005574bf12e000)
libattr.so.1 => /lib64/libattr.so.1 (0x00007f87e4817000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f87e45fa000)
确保 .so 文件存在于指定的路径中。
我不知道您是如何生成 libblas.a 的，但您可以查看 FindBLAS CMake 指令。 （注意有关 C/C++ 的注释）
这里有很多地方可能出错，但为了简化：
- 将 libblas.a 复制到与您的程序相同的目录中
- 在 makefile 中明确引用它。
- 检查 CBLAS 在输出中的位置（未显示）
- 验证libblas.a的权限，使用
nm 查看符号
- 强制 CMake 静态地 link 所有内容（例如这里 static link question
您的症状表明您在编译时而不是在运行时选择了其他一些 blas 库。
根据 FindBLAS 建议，您的 CMakeLists.txt 应该看起来像这样：
include(FindBLAS)
if (BLAS_FOUND)
target_compile_options(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${BLAS_LINKER_FLAGS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${BLAS_LIBRARIES})
endif ()
我在我的 Linux Fedora 环境中下载并构建了（看似正确的）相关的 BLAS 和 CBLAS 库（来自 netlib.org/blas）。结果是一个 blas_LINUX.a 文件，我将其重命名为 libblas.a 并复制到 \usr\local\lib，还有一个 cblas.h 文件，我将其复制到 \usr\include。我随后尝试在 CLion 项目的 CMakeList.txt 文件中引用它。文件如下：
project(test C)
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 99)
include_directories(include)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c)
find_library(blas libblas.a /usr/local/lib)
MESSAGE(STATUS "CBLAS location is: " ${blas})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${blas})
根据重新加载时 cmake 生成的消息，cblas 库似乎可以正常找到。但是，当我尝试 运行 我的应用程序时，我收到以下链接器错误消息：
undefined reference to `cblas_dgemm`
以下是我的 main.c 文件
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cblas.h>
int main(int arg, char *args[]) {
.
.
.
printf("Processing cblas_dgemm matrix multiplication.\n");
cblas_dgemm(CblasRowMajor, CblasNoTrans, CblasNoTrans, N, N, N, alpha, A[0], N, B[0], N, beta, C[0], N);
.
.
.
return 0;
}
我不完全确定我哪里出错了。我是使用 cmake 的新手，在网上搜索时，我正在绕圈子试图找出问题所在。任何正确方向的指示都将受到极大的欢迎和赞赏。
修正（CMakeOutput.txt如下）
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动态链接器似乎找不到共享库。
您可以使用 ldd 检查动态依赖关系
查看 /bin/ls
的依赖关系的示例ldd /bin/ls
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcc3563000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f87e5459000)
libcap.so.2 => /lib64/libcap.so.2 (0x00007f87e5254000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f87e4e92000)
libpcre.so.1 => /lib64/libpcre.so.1 (0x00007f87e4c22000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f87e4a1e000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00005574bf12e000)
libattr.so.1 => /lib64/libattr.so.1 (0x00007f87e4817000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f87e45fa000)
确保 .so 文件存在于指定的路径中。
我不知道您是如何生成 libblas.a 的，但您可以查看 FindBLAS CMake 指令。 （注意有关 C/C++ 的注释）
这里有很多地方可能出错，但为了简化：
- 将 libblas.a 复制到与您的程序相同的目录中
- 在 makefile 中明确引用它。
- 检查 CBLAS 在输出中的位置（未显示）
- 验证libblas.a的权限，使用
nm查看符号
- 强制 CMake 静态地 link 所有内容（例如这里 static link question
您的症状表明您在编译时而不是在运行时选择了其他一些 blas 库。
根据 FindBLAS 建议，您的 CMakeLists.txt 应该看起来像这样：
include(FindBLAS)
if (BLAS_FOUND)
target_compile_options(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${BLAS_LINKER_FLAGS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${BLAS_LIBRARIES})
endif ()