在 C# 中使用 LINQ 进行分组 - 索引越界

Question

我正在尝试根据扩展名（最后三个字符）对字符串进行分组以训练我的 LINQ 技能（我是新手），但我总是遇到异常：

System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException: 'Index and length must refer to a location within the string.

我的代码如下：我的错误在哪里？

string[] files = new string[10] {"OKO.pdf","aaa.frx", "bbb.TXT", "xyz.dbf","abc.pdf", "aaaa.PDF","xyz.frt", "abc.xml", "ccc.txt", "zzz.txt"};

var res = from file in files
    group file by file.Substring(file.IndexOf(".")+1,file.Length-1) into extensions
    select extensions;

var res1 = files.GroupBy(file => file.Substring(file.IndexOf("."), file.Length - 1));

foreach(var group in res)
{
    Console.WriteLine("There are {0} files with the {1} extension.", group.Count(), group.Key);
}

Answer 1

正如评论部分提到的jdweng。您只需要使用 Substring

的重载

The substring starts at a specified character position and continues to the end of the string.

string[] files = new string[10] { "OKO.pdf", "aaa.frx", "bbb.TXT", "xyz.dbf", "abc.pdf", "aaaa.PDF", "xyz.frt", "abc.xml", "ccc.txt", "zzz.txt" };

var res = from file in files
          group file by file.Substring(file.IndexOf(".") + 1) into extensions
          select extensions;

foreach (var group in res)
{
    Console.WriteLine("There are {0} files with the {1} extension.", group.Count(), group.Key);
}

结果将是：

There are 2 files with the pdf extension.
There are 1 files with the frx extension.
There are 1 files with the TXT extension.
There are 1 files with the dbf extension.
There are 1 files with the PDF extension.
There are 1 files with the frt extension.
There are 1 files with the xml extension.
There are 2 files with the txt extension

Answer 2

由于您的文件名可以包含点，如果您使用 IndexOf，点的位置可能不正确。您可以使用 Split 方法解决此问题（请注意，有一个带点 OKO.ZOKO.pdf 的文件并查看输出）：

static void other()
{
    var names = new[] { "OKO.pdf", "OKO.ZOKO.pdf", "aaa.frx", "bbb.TXT", "xyz.dbf", "abc.pdf" };
    var x = names.GroupBy(n => n.Split('.').Last());
    x.ToList().ForEach(g => WriteLine($"There are {g.Count()} files with extension '{g.Key}'"));
}

// Output:
//    There are 3 files with extension 'pdf'
//    There are 1 files with extension 'frx'
//    There are 1 files with extension 'TXT'
//    There are 1 files with extension 'dbf'

在 C# 中使用 LINQ 进行分组 - 索引越界

Grouping with LINQ in C# - Index out of bounds

c#

linq

indexoutofboundsexception