RunSpace 及其关闭

Question

在处理使用 RunSpace 的脚本时，我发现它占用的系统内存越来越多。据我了解，这是因为打开的 RunSpace 在完成时不会关闭。它们保留在内存中，累积兆字节。

如何正确关闭RunSpace？但是，我不知道需要多长时间——1 秒或 1 小时。完成后自行关闭。

举个例子，随便给个脚本

第一个脚本是我如何在 RunSpace 完成时关闭它（显然它不起作用）。

$Array = 1..10000

$PowerShell = [PowerShell]::Create()
$RunSpace = [Runspacefactory]::CreateRunspace()
$RunSpace.Open()

$RunSpace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable('Array', $Array)
$RunSpace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable('PowerShell', $PowerShell)

$PowerShell.Runspace = $RunSpace

[void]$PowerShell.AddScript({

   # Fill the system memory so that it can be seen in the Task Manager.
   $Array += $Array
   $Array

   # Closing the Process, which should close the RunSpace, but this does not happen.
   $Powershell.Runspace.Dispose()
   $PowerShell.Dispose()
})

$Async = $PowerShell.BeginInvoke()

# Other jobs in the main thread...

从系统内存来看，第二个脚本似乎更正确。然而，当然它不适用于生活，因为 Start-Sleep 10 冻结了主进程。

$Array = 1..10000

$PowerShell = [PowerShell]::Create()
$RunSpace = [Runspacefactory]::CreateRunspace()
$RunSpace.Open()

$RunSpace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable('Array', $Array)

$PowerShell.Runspace = $RunSpace

[void]$PowerShell.AddScript({

   # Fill the system memory so that it can be seen in the Task Manager.
   $Array += $Array
   $Array
})

$Async = $PowerShell.BeginInvoke()

Start-Sleep 10

$PowerShell.EndInvoke($Async) | Out-Null
$PowerShell.RunSpace.Dispose()
$PowerShell.Dispose()

# Other jobs in the main thread...

请告诉我关闭 RunSpace 的正确方法。谢谢

Answer 1

尝试从中处理一个运行空间，这个运行空间听起来不是个好主意 - 事实上，如果我在 PowerShell Core 7.0-rc2 中尝试这样做，我的会话就会挂起。

听起来你想自动处理运行空间，在脚本完成时。

您可以为 System.Management.Automation.PowerShell.InvocationStateChanged 事件设置一个事件处理程序，在其中您可以检查 Completed 和 Failed 状态并关闭运行空间然后：

注意：必须使用Register-ObjectEvent订阅事件；虽然原则上可以通过将脚本块直接传递给 PowerShell 实例上的 .add_InvocationStateChanged() 来订阅，但当您稍后调用 .EndInvoke().

时，执行将挂起

# Note: I'm using a small array so that the output of the code better
#       shows what's happening.
$Array = 1..3

$PowerShell = [PowerShell]::Create()
$RunSpace = [Runspacefactory]::CreateRunspace()
$RunSpace.Open()

$RunSpace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable('Array', $Array)

$PowerShell.Runspace = $RunSpace

$null = $PowerShell.AddScript( {

    # Fill the system memory so that it can be seen in the Task Manager.
    $Array += $Array
    $Array

  })

# Set up an event handler for when the invocation state of the runspace changes.
# Note: Register-ObjectEvent with -Action returns an event-job object, which
#       we don't need in this case.
$null = Register-ObjectEvent -InputObject $PowerShell -EventName InvocationStateChanged -Action {
  param([System.Management.Automation.PowerShell] $ps)

  # NOTE: Use $EventArgs.InvocationStateInfo, not $ps.InvocationStateInfo, 
  #       as the latter is updated in real-time, so for a short-running script
  #       the state may already have changed since the event fired.
  $state = $EventArgs.InvocationStateInfo.State

  Write-Host "Invocation state: $state"
  if ($state -in 'Completed', 'Failed') {
    # Dispose of the runspace.
    Write-Host "Disposing of runspace."
    $ps.Runspace.Dispose()
    # Speed up resource release by calling the garbage collector explicitly.
    # Note that this will pause *all* threads briefly.
    [GC]::Collect()
  }      

}

# Kick off execution of the script and
# let the event handler dispose of the runspace on completion.
Write-Host 'Starting script execution via SDK...'
$asyncResult = $PowerShell.BeginInvoke()

# Perform other processing.
Write-Host 'Doing things...'
1..1e5 | ForEach-Object { }

# Finally, get the results from the script execution.
# NOTE: Even though the runspace has likely already been disposed, collecting
#       the results seemingly still works.
Write-Host 'Collecting script-execution results...'
$PowerShell.EndInvoke($asyncResult)

# Note that you'll have to create and assign a *new* runspace to 
# $PowerShell.Runspace if you want to execute further code.

Write-Host 'Done.'

以上应该产生以下输出：

Starting script execution via SDK...
Doing things...
Invocation state: Running
Invocation state: Completed
Disposing of runspace.
Collecting script-execution results...
1
2
3
1
2
3
Done.

RunSpace 及其关闭

The RunSpace and its closure

powershell

runspace

powershell-sdk