bash: ./main.o cannot execute binary file Exec格式错误
bash: ./main.o cannot execute binary file Exec format error
我已经使用 virtual box 在 windows 上设置了一个 ubuntu 虚拟机。
我正在尝试 运行 一个 C++ 项目。制作文件看起来像这样
CC = g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated
tag = -i
ifdef linux
tag = -n
endif
test.out: Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o DBFile.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o test.o
$(CC) -o test.out Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o DBFile.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o test.o -lfl
main: Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o main.o
$(CC) -o main Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o main.o -lfl
test.o: test.cc
$(CC) -g -c test.cc
main.o: main.cc
$(CC) -g -c main.cc
Comparison.o: Comparison.cc
$(CC) -g -c Comparison.cc
ComparisonEngine.o: ComparisonEngine.cc
$(CC) -g -c ComparisonEngine.cc
DBFile.o: DBFile.cc
$(CC) -g -c DBFile.cc
File.o: File.cc
$(CC) -g -c File.cc
Record.o: Record.cc
$(CC) -g -c Record.cc
Schema.o: Schema.cc
$(CC) -g -c Schema.cc
y.tab.o: Parser.y
yacc -d Parser.y
sed $(tag) y.tab.c -e "s/ __attribute__ ((__unused__))$$/# ifndef __cplusplus\n __attribute__ ((__unused__));\n# endif/"
g++ -c y.tab.c
lex.yy.o: Lexer.l
lex Lexer.l
gcc -c lex.yy.c
clean:
rm -f *.o
rm -f *.out
rm -f y.tab.c
rm -f lex.yy.c
rm -f y.tab.h
在 运行 执行 make 命令后，我收到了一堆警告，例如
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c Record.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c Comparison.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c ComparisonEngine.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c Schema.cc
Schema.cc: In constructor ‘Schema::Schema(const char*, const char*)’:
Schema.cc:46:9: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:58:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:84:9: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:91:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:95:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:106:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:114:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:118:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c File.cc
File.cc: In member function ‘void File::GetPage(Page*, off_t)’:
File.cc:186:7: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t read(int, void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
read (myFilDes, bits, PAGE_SIZE);
~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc: In member function ‘void File::AddPage(Page*, off_t)’:
File.cc:206:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t write(int, const void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
write (myFilDes, &foo, sizeof (int));
~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc:223:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t write(int, const void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
write (myFilDes, bits, PAGE_SIZE);
~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc: In member function ‘void File::Open(int, char*)’:
File.cc:258:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t read(int, void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
read (myFilDes, &curLength, sizeof (off_t));
~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc: In member function ‘int File::Close()’:
File.cc:276:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t write(int, const void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
write (myFilDes, &curLength, sizeof (off_t));
~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c DBFile.cc
yacc -d Parser.y
sed -i y.tab.c -e "s/ __attribute__ ((__unused__))$/# ifndef __cplusplus\n __attribute__ ((__unused__));\n# endif/"
g++ -c y.tab.c
y.tab.c: In function ‘int yyparse()’:
y.tab.c:1427:35: warning: ISO C++ forbids converting a string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
yyerror (YY_("syntax error"));
^
y.tab.c:1571:35: warning: ISO C++ forbids converting a string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
yyerror (YY_("memory exhausted"));
^
lex Lexer.l
gcc -c lex.yy.c
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c test.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -o test.out Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o DBFile.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o test.o -lfl
除 main.cc 外，所有文件编译生成各自的 .o 文件。所以我用这个命令编译它
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c -o main.o main.cc
现在 main.o 文件编译并生成 main.o
然后我 运行 它使用 ./main.o 并得到 Permission denied
所以我通过 chmod 755 ./* 摆脱了这个错误
现在 运行 宁 main.o 给出了这个错误
bash: ./main.o cannot execute binary file Exec format error
通过我的研究，我发现这个错误是因为架构和文件类型不匹配。
file main.o 输出 x86-64 和 uname -m 输出 x86_64
我无法弄清楚问题所在。
任何帮助将不胜感激！谢谢！
您正在尝试执行目标文件。像 main.o 这样的目标文件是不可执行的。它们仅包含形成可执行文件所需的部分代码。
你需要运行main（或者test.out），这是实际的可执行文件。
权限警告告诉你同样的事情（main.o 不可执行），但你用 chmod.
覆盖了它
main 应该由 make 创建，假设没有 compilation/linking 错误，如果你使用 make main 或 test.out 如果你使用 make 或 make test.out。链接器调用在 Makefile 的 main:/test.out: 目标中给出。如果 make 生成编译器或链接器错误，那么手动重复相同的命令将无法修复它。改为修复代码或 Makefile。
另请注意，warnings/errors 的存在是有原因的。从 C++11 开始，不允许将字符串文字转换为 char*，只能转换为 const char*。这在 C++03 中已被弃用。绕过这条规则只会给你带来麻烦。修复您的代码而不是添加 -Wno-deprecated.
我已经使用 virtual box 在 windows 上设置了一个 ubuntu 虚拟机。
我正在尝试 运行 一个 C++ 项目。制作文件看起来像这样
CC = g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated
tag = -i
ifdef linux
tag = -n
endif
test.out: Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o DBFile.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o test.o
$(CC) -o test.out Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o DBFile.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o test.o -lfl
main: Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o main.o
$(CC) -o main Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o main.o -lfl
test.o: test.cc
$(CC) -g -c test.cc
main.o: main.cc
$(CC) -g -c main.cc
Comparison.o: Comparison.cc
$(CC) -g -c Comparison.cc
ComparisonEngine.o: ComparisonEngine.cc
$(CC) -g -c ComparisonEngine.cc
DBFile.o: DBFile.cc
$(CC) -g -c DBFile.cc
File.o: File.cc
$(CC) -g -c File.cc
Record.o: Record.cc
$(CC) -g -c Record.cc
Schema.o: Schema.cc
$(CC) -g -c Schema.cc
y.tab.o: Parser.y
yacc -d Parser.y
sed $(tag) y.tab.c -e "s/ __attribute__ ((__unused__))$$/# ifndef __cplusplus\n __attribute__ ((__unused__));\n# endif/"
g++ -c y.tab.c
lex.yy.o: Lexer.l
lex Lexer.l
gcc -c lex.yy.c
clean:
rm -f *.o
rm -f *.out
rm -f y.tab.c
rm -f lex.yy.c
rm -f y.tab.h
在 运行 执行 make 命令后，我收到了一堆警告，例如
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c Record.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c Comparison.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c ComparisonEngine.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c Schema.cc
Schema.cc: In constructor ‘Schema::Schema(const char*, const char*)’:
Schema.cc:46:9: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:58:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:84:9: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:91:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:95:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:106:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:114:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Schema.cc:118:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘int fscanf(FILE*, const char*, ...)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
fscanf (foo, "%s", space);
~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c File.cc
File.cc: In member function ‘void File::GetPage(Page*, off_t)’:
File.cc:186:7: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t read(int, void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
read (myFilDes, bits, PAGE_SIZE);
~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc: In member function ‘void File::AddPage(Page*, off_t)’:
File.cc:206:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t write(int, const void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
write (myFilDes, &foo, sizeof (int));
~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc:223:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t write(int, const void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
write (myFilDes, bits, PAGE_SIZE);
~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc: In member function ‘void File::Open(int, char*)’:
File.cc:258:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t read(int, void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
read (myFilDes, &curLength, sizeof (off_t));
~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
File.cc: In member function ‘int File::Close()’:
File.cc:276:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘ssize_t write(int, const void*, size_t)’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result]
write (myFilDes, &curLength, sizeof (off_t));
~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c DBFile.cc
yacc -d Parser.y
sed -i y.tab.c -e "s/ __attribute__ ((__unused__))$/# ifndef __cplusplus\n __attribute__ ((__unused__));\n# endif/"
g++ -c y.tab.c
y.tab.c: In function ‘int yyparse()’:
y.tab.c:1427:35: warning: ISO C++ forbids converting a string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
yyerror (YY_("syntax error"));
^
y.tab.c:1571:35: warning: ISO C++ forbids converting a string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
yyerror (YY_("memory exhausted"));
^
lex Lexer.l
gcc -c lex.yy.c
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c test.cc
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -o test.out Record.o Comparison.o ComparisonEngine.o Schema.o File.o DBFile.o y.tab.o lex.yy.o test.o -lfl
除 main.cc 外，所有文件编译生成各自的 .o 文件。所以我用这个命令编译它
g++ -O2 -Wno-deprecated -g -c -o main.o main.cc
现在 main.o 文件编译并生成 main.o
然后我 运行 它使用 ./main.o 并得到 Permission denied
所以我通过 chmod 755 ./* 摆脱了这个错误
现在 运行 宁 main.o 给出了这个错误
bash: ./main.o cannot execute binary file Exec format error
通过我的研究，我发现这个错误是因为架构和文件类型不匹配。
file main.o 输出 x86-64 和 uname -m 输出 x86_64
我无法弄清楚问题所在。 任何帮助将不胜感激！谢谢！
您正在尝试执行目标文件。像 main.o 这样的目标文件是不可执行的。它们仅包含形成可执行文件所需的部分代码。
你需要运行main（或者test.out），这是实际的可执行文件。
权限警告告诉你同样的事情（main.o 不可执行），但你用 chmod.
main 应该由 make 创建，假设没有 compilation/linking 错误，如果你使用 make main 或 test.out 如果你使用 make 或 make test.out。链接器调用在 Makefile 的 main:/test.out: 目标中给出。如果 make 生成编译器或链接器错误，那么手动重复相同的命令将无法修复它。改为修复代码或 Makefile。
另请注意，warnings/errors 的存在是有原因的。从 C++11 开始，不允许将字符串文字转换为 char*，只能转换为 const char*。这在 C++03 中已被弃用。绕过这条规则只会给你带来麻烦。修复您的代码而不是添加 -Wno-deprecated.