Angular 无法读取空 DOM 单元测试的 属性 'nativeElement'

Angular cannot read property 'nativeElement' of null DOM unit testing

我有一个包含多个输入字段和文本区域的表单,当文本区域发生键盘(输入)键事件时需要评估文本区域是否为空?如果为空错误,则显示在 html mat-error 标签上。我想为这个场景编写单元测试用例。我可以在浏览器控制台中使用 jquery 获取 dom 值,但在规范文件中无法获取 DOM 内容。

spec.ts 文件

    it('should be display warning message', () => {
          const textArea: HTMLTextAreaElement = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('.need-access-shipping-address textarea')).nativeElement as HTMLTextAreaElement;
          textArea.value = "asd`";
          const event = new KeyboardEvent("keypress",{
            "key": "Enter"
          });
          textArea.dispatchEvent(event);
          fixture.detectChanges();
          const nameDisplay: HTMLElement = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('.need-access-shipping-address .mat-error')).nativeElement as HTMLElement;
          expect(nameDisplay.innerText).toBe('The format of the information entered is invalid');
    });

输出为 Expected: "The format of the information entered is invalid" Received: undefined

输入textArea.value = "asd~"正则表达式错误

textArea.value = "asd" 是有效输入

这是单元测试的示例代码。请注意,text-area 和显示元素都应该有一个 id(我选择了 text_area_1name_display),这样可以更容易地使用 By.css 查询它们.

it('pressing <enter> in empty text area should invalidate form', () => {

    // given
    const htmlTextArea: HTMLTextAreaElement = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('#text_area_1')).nativeElement;
    htmlTextArea.value = 'asd~';
    htmlTextArea.dispatchEvent(new Event('input'));
    fixture.detectChanges();

    // when
    const event: any = document.createEvent('Event');
    event.key = 'Enter';
    event.initEvent('keyup');
    htmlTextArea.dispatchEvent(event);
    fixture.detectChanges();

    // then
    const nameDisplay: HTMLElement = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('#name_display')).nativeElement;
    expect(nameDisplay.innerText).toBe('The format of the information entered is invalid');
});