证明 runtimeClass 满足 Scala 中的 Bound 类型

Prove that a runtimeClass satisfies a type Bound in Scala

我有一个方法,它以 Parquet 形式编写我的 类 Foo 之一,它被定义为 Thrift。

  import Foo
  import org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD
  import org.apache.thrift.TBase
  import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job
  import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetOutputFormat
  import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.thrift.ParquetThriftOutputFormat

  def writeThriftParquet(rdd: RDD[Foo], outputPath: String): Unit = {
    val job = Job.getInstance()
    ParquetThriftOutputFormat.setThriftClass(job, classOf[Foo])
    ParquetOutputFormat.setWriteSupportClass(job, classOf[Foo])

    rdd
      .map(x => (null, x))
      .saveAsNewAPIHadoopFile(
        outputPath,
        classOf[Void],
        classOf[Foo],
        classOf[ParquetThriftOutputFormat[Foo]],
        job.getConfiguration)
  }

这很好用,但我更愿意编写一个更通用的方法。我尝试了(相对)简单的:

  def writeThriftParquetGeneral[A <: TBase[_, _]](rdd: RDD[A], outputPath: String): Unit = {
    val job = Job.getInstance()
    ParquetThriftOutputFormat.setThriftClass(job, classOf[A])
    ParquetOutputFormat.setWriteSupportClass(job, classOf[A])

    rdd
      .map(x => (null, x))
      .saveAsNewAPIHadoopFile(
        outputPath,
        classOf[Void],
        classOf[A],
        classOf[ParquetThriftOutputFormat[A]],
        job.getConfiguration)
  }

但是失败并出现如下错误:

 class type required but A found ParquetThriftOutputFormat.setThriftClass(job, classOf[A])
 class type required but A found ParquetOutputFormat.setWriteSupportClass(job, classOf[A])

为了尝试解决这个问题,我使用了 ClassTag,但还没有编译的东西。

  import scala.reflect._
  implicit val ct = ClassTag[Foo](classOf[Foo])

  def writeThriftParquetGeneral[A <: TBase[_, _]](rdd: RDD[A], outputPath: String)(
    implicit tag: ClassTag[A]): Unit = {
    val job = Job.getInstance()

    // The problem line
    ParquetThriftOutputFormat.setThriftClass(job, tag.runtimeClass)

    // Seems OK from here
    ParquetOutputFormat.setWriteSupportClass(job, tag.runtimeClass)

    rdd
      .map(x => (null, x))
      .saveAsNewAPIHadoopFile(
        outputPath,
        classOf[Void],
        tag.runtimeClass,
        classOf[ParquetThriftOutputFormat[A]],
        job.getConfiguration)
  }

这在以下行失败:ParquetThriftOutputFormat.setThriftClass(job, tag.runtimeClass)

[error]  found   : Class[_] where type _
[error]  required: Class[_ <: org.apache.thrift.TBase[_, _]]

我很惊讶编译器 (Scala 2.11) 没有识别出 tag.runtimeClass 必须是 classOf[A],并且 A 满足定义绑定的类型。

ClassTag#runtimeClass returns 只是一个 Class[_]

https://github.com/scala/scala/blob/2.13.x/src/library/scala/reflect/ClassTag.scala#L55

Class[_ <: TBase[_, _]] 是不同于 Class[_] 的存在类型(实际上是它的子类型)

implicitly[Class[_ <: TBase[_, _]] <:< Class[_]]

尝试将问题行替换为

ParquetThriftOutputFormat.setThriftClass(job, classTag.runtimeClass.asSubclass(classOf[TBase[_, _]]))