为什么我不能在 constexpr lambda 函数中使用 std::tuple
Why can't I use a std::tuple in a constexpr lambda function
我有以下代码:
#include <string_view>
#include <array>
#include <tuple>
struct Variable
{
size_t index;
std::string_view name;
std::tuple<float, float> bounds;
};
constexpr std::array<Variable, 3> myarray = [](){
std::array<Variable, 3> res{};
std::array<std::string_view, 3> strings = {"myvar1", "myvar2", "myvar3"};
std::array<std::tuple<float, float>, 3> bounds = {{{0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}}};
for (std::size_t i = 0; i != res.size(); ++i) {
res[i] = {i, strings[i], bounds[i]};
}
return res;
}();
但由于 std::tuple
,此代码无法编译。我不能在 lambda 函数中使用 std::tuple
的原因是什么?
我正在使用
c++ -Wall -Winvalid-pch -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wextra -Wpedantic -std=c++17 -g -o main.o -c main.cpp
编译代码。
编译器版本为:gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)
我得到的错误是:
../main.cpp:53:3: error: call to non-constexpr function ‘<lambda()>’
}();
^
../main.cpp:44:51: note: ‘<lambda()>’ is not usable as a constexpr function because:
constexpr std::array<Variable, num_vars> xrt = [](){
^
../main.cpp:51:39: error: call to non-constexpr function ‘Variable& Variable::operator=(Variable&&)’
res[i] = {i, strings[i], bounds[i]};
^
../main.cpp:16:8: note: ‘Variable& Variable::operator=(Variable&&)’ is not usable as a constexpr function because:
struct Variable
^~~~~~~~
std::tuple
的 assignment operators 在 c++20 之前不是 constexpr
。如果您避免赋值运算符并就地构造您的元组,那么您的代码编译:
constexpr std::array<Variable, 3> myarray = [](){
std::array<std::string_view, 3> strings = {"myvar1", "myvar2", "myvar3"};
std::array<std::tuple<float, float>, 3> bounds = {{{0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}}};
std::array<Variable, 3> res { {
{0, strings[0], bounds[0]},
{1, strings[1], bounds[1]},
{2, strings[2], bounds[2]}
} };
return res;
}();
tuple
和 pair
在 C++17 中都没有 constexpr 赋值。
但即使是包含一对值的微不足道的结构也能完成这项工作。如果需要,您可能希望实现自己的 constexpr 兼容结构。没有绒毛的简单版本你需要:
struct Couple {
float a, b;
};
struct Variable
{
size_t index;
std::string_view name;
Couple bounds;
};
constexpr std::array<Variable, 3> myarray = [](){
std::array<Variable, 3> res{};
std::array<std::string_view, 3> strings = {"myvar1", "myvar2", "myvar3"};
std::array<Couple, 3> bounds = {{{0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}}};
for (std::size_t i = 0; i != res.size(); ++i) {
res[i] = {i, strings[i], bounds[i]};
}
return res;
}();
可以按照 tuple
未来标准
的方式安排代码
从 C++14 开始,std::tuple
的构造函数是 constexpr
(至少是那些不接受分配器的构造函数),因此您可以使用其中之一来代替赋值运算符。
开始向您的 class
添加 constexpr
构造函数
struct Variable
{
size_t index{};
std::string_view name{};
std::tuple<float, float> bounds{};
constexpr Variable(size_t i, std::string_view str)
: index{i}, name{str}, bounds{i, i + 1} {}
};
然后,您可以使用几个利用 std::integer_sequence.
的模板函数构造数组
template <class Element, std::size_t... I, typename... ArgsType>
constexpr auto make_array_with_indices_impl(std::index_sequence<I...>, ArgsType... args)
{
return std::array<Element, sizeof...(args)>{
Element(I, args)...
};
}
template <class Element, typename... ArgsType>
constexpr auto make_array_with_indices(ArgsType... args)
{
return make_array_with_indices_impl<Element>(
std::index_sequence_for<ArgsType...>{}, args...
);
}
Here 它们的用法示例。
我有以下代码:
#include <string_view>
#include <array>
#include <tuple>
struct Variable
{
size_t index;
std::string_view name;
std::tuple<float, float> bounds;
};
constexpr std::array<Variable, 3> myarray = [](){
std::array<Variable, 3> res{};
std::array<std::string_view, 3> strings = {"myvar1", "myvar2", "myvar3"};
std::array<std::tuple<float, float>, 3> bounds = {{{0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}}};
for (std::size_t i = 0; i != res.size(); ++i) {
res[i] = {i, strings[i], bounds[i]};
}
return res;
}();
但由于 std::tuple
,此代码无法编译。我不能在 lambda 函数中使用 std::tuple
的原因是什么?
我正在使用
c++ -Wall -Winvalid-pch -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wextra -Wpedantic -std=c++17 -g -o main.o -c main.cpp
编译代码。
编译器版本为:gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)
我得到的错误是:
../main.cpp:53:3: error: call to non-constexpr function ‘<lambda()>’
}();
^
../main.cpp:44:51: note: ‘<lambda()>’ is not usable as a constexpr function because:
constexpr std::array<Variable, num_vars> xrt = [](){
^
../main.cpp:51:39: error: call to non-constexpr function ‘Variable& Variable::operator=(Variable&&)’
res[i] = {i, strings[i], bounds[i]};
^
../main.cpp:16:8: note: ‘Variable& Variable::operator=(Variable&&)’ is not usable as a constexpr function because:
struct Variable
^~~~~~~~
std::tuple
的 assignment operators 在 c++20 之前不是 constexpr
。如果您避免赋值运算符并就地构造您的元组,那么您的代码编译:
constexpr std::array<Variable, 3> myarray = [](){
std::array<std::string_view, 3> strings = {"myvar1", "myvar2", "myvar3"};
std::array<std::tuple<float, float>, 3> bounds = {{{0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}}};
std::array<Variable, 3> res { {
{0, strings[0], bounds[0]},
{1, strings[1], bounds[1]},
{2, strings[2], bounds[2]}
} };
return res;
}();
tuple
和 pair
在 C++17 中都没有 constexpr 赋值。
但即使是包含一对值的微不足道的结构也能完成这项工作。如果需要,您可能希望实现自己的 constexpr 兼容结构。没有绒毛的简单版本你需要:
struct Couple {
float a, b;
};
struct Variable
{
size_t index;
std::string_view name;
Couple bounds;
};
constexpr std::array<Variable, 3> myarray = [](){
std::array<Variable, 3> res{};
std::array<std::string_view, 3> strings = {"myvar1", "myvar2", "myvar3"};
std::array<Couple, 3> bounds = {{{0,1}, {1,2}, {2,3}}};
for (std::size_t i = 0; i != res.size(); ++i) {
res[i] = {i, strings[i], bounds[i]};
}
return res;
}();
可以按照 tuple
未来标准
从 C++14 开始,std::tuple
的构造函数是 constexpr
(至少是那些不接受分配器的构造函数),因此您可以使用其中之一来代替赋值运算符。
开始向您的 class
添加constexpr
构造函数
struct Variable
{
size_t index{};
std::string_view name{};
std::tuple<float, float> bounds{};
constexpr Variable(size_t i, std::string_view str)
: index{i}, name{str}, bounds{i, i + 1} {}
};
然后,您可以使用几个利用 std::integer_sequence.
的模板函数构造数组template <class Element, std::size_t... I, typename... ArgsType>
constexpr auto make_array_with_indices_impl(std::index_sequence<I...>, ArgsType... args)
{
return std::array<Element, sizeof...(args)>{
Element(I, args)...
};
}
template <class Element, typename... ArgsType>
constexpr auto make_array_with_indices(ArgsType... args)
{
return make_array_with_indices_impl<Element>(
std::index_sequence_for<ArgsType...>{}, args...
);
}
Here 它们的用法示例。