Java 文件列表与 Window 资源管理器的顺序相同

Question

我正在使用下面的代码来获取文件列表排序：（如 window 资源管理器）

    package com.codnix.quickpdfgenerator.testing;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.Collections;
    import java.util.Comparator;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.regex.Matcher;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;

    public class FileListOrder {
        public static void main(String args[]) {
            //huge test data set ;)

            File folder = new File("C:\Users\Codnix\Desktop\Test Sequence");
            File[] listOfFiles = folder.listFiles();
            List<File> filenames = Arrays.asList(listOfFiles); 

            //adaptor for comparing files
            Collections.sort(filenames, new Comparator<File>() {
                private final Comparator<String> NATURAL_SORT = new WindowsExplorerComparator();

                @Override
                public int compare(File o1, File o2) {;
                    return NATURAL_SORT.compare(o1.getName(), o2.getName());
                }
            });

            for (File f : filenames) {
                System.out.println(f);
            }
        }

        public static class WindowsExplorerComparator implements Comparator<String> {

            private static final Pattern splitPattern = Pattern.compile("\d+|\.|\s");

            @Override
            public int compare(String str1, String str2) {
                Iterator<String> i1 = splitStringPreserveDelimiter(str1).iterator();
                Iterator<String> i2 = splitStringPreserveDelimiter(str2).iterator();
                while (true) {
                    //Til here all is equal.
                    if (!i1.hasNext() && !i2.hasNext()) {
                        return 0;
                    }
                    //first has no more parts -> comes first
                    if (!i1.hasNext() && i2.hasNext()) {
                        return -1;
                    }
                    //first has more parts than i2 -> comes after
                    if (i1.hasNext() && !i2.hasNext()) {
                        return 1;
                    }

                    String data1 = i1.next();
                    String data2 = i2.next();
                    int result;
                    try {
                        //If both datas are numbers, then compare numbers
                        result = Long.compare(Long.valueOf(data1), Long.valueOf(data2));
                        //If numbers are equal than longer comes first
                        if (result == 0) {
                            result = -Integer.compare(data1.length(), data2.length());
                        }
                    } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
                        //compare text case insensitive
                        result = data1.compareToIgnoreCase(data2);
                    }

                    if (result != 0) {
                        return result;
                    }
                }
            }

            private List<String> splitStringPreserveDelimiter(String str) {
                Matcher matcher = splitPattern.matcher(str);
                List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
                int pos = 0;
                while (matcher.find()) {
                    list.add(str.substring(pos, matcher.start()));
                    list.add(matcher.group());
                    pos = matcher.end();
                }
                list.add(str.substring(pos));
                return list;
            }
        } 
    }

BUT，当我运行程序输出：

C:\Users\Codnix\Desktop\Test Sequence test -12.jpg
C:\Users\Codnix\Desktop\Test Sequence test --11.jpg
C:\Users\Codnix\Desktop\Test Sequence test ---10.jpg

预期输出（如 window 资源管理器）：

C:\Users\Codnix\Desktop\Test Sequence test ---10.jpg
C:\Users\Codnix\Desktop\Test Sequence test --11.jpg
C:\Users\Codnix\Desktop\Test Sequence test -12.jpg

如何获取这样的文件列表？

已更新

@jannis

提供的实现方案

And here its output

before

1 test ---10.jpg
1 test --11.jpg
1 test -12.jpg
1.jpg
10.jpg
2.jpg

After (output)

1.jpg
1 test ---10.jpg
1 test --11.jpg
1 test -12.jpg
2.jpg
10.jpg

预期

Answer 1

在 Windows 中按名称排序是棘手的，并且比您的实现复杂得多。它也是可配置的并且依赖于版本。

注意：我为下面的内容创建了一个演示 post。 Check it out on GitHub.

使用 StrCmpLogicalWComparator function

对文件名进行排序

根据一些（例如 here) Windows uses StrCmpLogicalW 按名称排序文件。

您可以尝试使用 JNA 调用此系统函数来实现您的比较器（不要忘记在您的项目中包含 JNA library）：

比较器：

public class StrCmpLogicalWComparator implements Comparator<String> {

    @Override
    public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
        return Shlwapi.INSTANCE.StrCmpLogicalW(
            new WString(o1), new WString(o2));
    }
}

JNA 部分：

import com.sun.jna.WString;
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary;

public interface Shlwapi extends StdCallLibrary {

    Shlwapi INSTANCE = Native.load("Shlwapi", Shlwapi.class);

    int StrCmpLogicalW(WString psz1, WString psz2);
}

处理包含数字的文件名

我之前提到 Windows Explorer 对文件进行排序的方式是可配置的。您可以更改文件名中数字的处理方式并切换所谓的 "numerical sorting"。您可以阅读如何配置此 here。文档中解释的数字排序：

Treat digits as numbers during sorting, for example, sort "2" before "10".

-- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/stringapiset/nf-stringapiset-comparestringex#SORT_DIGITSASNUMBERS

启用数字排序后结果为：

禁用数字排序后，它看起来像这样：

这让我觉得 Windows Explorer 实际上使用 CompareStringEx function 进行排序，可以对其进行参数化以启用此功能。

使用 CompareStringEx function

对文件名进行排序

JNA 部分：

import com.sun.jna.Pointer;
import com.sun.jna.WString;
import com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary;

public interface Kernel32 extends StdCallLibrary {

    Kernel32 INSTANCE = Native.load("Kernel32", Kernel32.class);
    WString INVARIANT_LOCALE = new WString("");

    int CompareStringEx(WString lpLocaleName,
                        int dwCmpFlags,
                        WString lpString1,
                        int cchCount1,
                        WString lpString2,
                        int cchCount2,
                        Pointer lpVersionInformation,
                        Pointer lpReserved,
                        int lParam);

    default int CompareStringEx(int dwCmpFlags,
                                String str1,
                                String str2) {
        return Kernel32.INSTANCE
            .CompareStringEx(
                INVARIANT_LOCALE,
                dwCmpFlags,
                new WString(str1),
                str1.length(),
                new WString(str2),
                str2.length(),
                Pointer.NULL,
                Pointer.NULL,
                0);
    }
}

数字排序比较器：

public class CompareStringExNumericComparator implements Comparator<String> {

    private static int SORT_DIGITSASNUMBERS = 0x00000008;

    @Override
    public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
        int compareStringExComparisonResult =
            Kernel32.INSTANCE.CompareStringEx(SORT_DIGITSASNUMBERS, o1, o2);

        // CompareStringEx returns 1, 2, 3 respectively instead of -1, 0, 1
        return compareStringExComparisonResult - 2;
    }
}

非数字排序比较器：

public class CompareStringExNonNumericComparator implements Comparator<String> {

    private static String INVARIANT_LOCALE = "";
    private static int NO_OPTIONS = 0;

    @Override
    public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
        int compareStringExComparisonResult =
            Kernel32.INSTANCE.CompareStringEx(NO_OPTIONS, o1, o2);

        // CompareStringEx returns 1, 2, 3 respectively instead of -1, 0, 1
        return compareStringExComparisonResult - 2;
    }
}

参考资料

Martin Liversage's answer to "What is the shortest way in .NET to sort strings starting with 1, 10 and 2 and respect the number ordering?
hmuelner's answer to "What is the first character in the sort order used by Windows Explorer?"

Java 文件列表与 Window 资源管理器的顺序相同

Java File list same order like Window explorer

java

explorer

natural-sort

使用 StrCmpLogicalWComparator function

处理包含数字的文件名

使用 CompareStringEx function

参考资料