使用 Python xlib 在活动 X window 更改时获取通知

Question

我想监控哪个 window 在 Linux 系统运行 X 上处于活动状态，以及活动 window 何时调整大小或移动。我可以监视活动 window（它保存在根 window 上的 _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW 属性中，我可以在根 [=] 上注册 PropertyNotify 事件28=] 发现属性何时发生变化）。但是，我不知道如何监视活动 window 以了解它是否调整大小或移动。

import Xlib
import Xlib.display

disp = Xlib.display.Display()
Xroot = disp.screen().root
NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW = disp.intern_atom('_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW')
Xroot.change_attributes(event_mask=Xlib.X.PropertyChangeMask)

while True:
    # loop until an event happens that we care about
    # we care about a change to which window is active
    # (NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW property changes on the root)
    # or about the currently active window changing
    # in size or position (don't know how to do this)
    event = disp.next_event()
    if (event.type == Xlib.X.PropertyNotify and
            event.atom == NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW):
        active = disp.get_input_focus().focus
        try:
            name = active.get_wm_class()[1]
        except TypeError:
            name = "unknown"
        print("The active window has changed! It is now", name)

有办法吗？它可能涉及在当前活动的 window 上监听 ConfigureNotify 事件（并在 window 变为活动状态时调用 change_attributes 以设置适当的掩码），但我无法做到这一点工作。

（注意：我没有使用 Gtk，所以没有 Gtk 解决方案，请。）

更新：有一个相当可疑的方法来检测 window resizes，通过观察活动 window 的值 _NET_WM_OPAQUE_REGION 属性正在更改（因为我正确地收到了 PropertyChange 事件，尽管我没有收到 ConfigureNotify 事件）。但是，尚不清楚是否所有 window 经理都设置了这个属性，并且这只会在 window 调整大小时发生变化；它不会在 window 移动中改变（也不会在任何其他属性移动）。

Answer 1

方法是在根window上select for SubstructureNotifyMask，然后读取所有ConfigureNotify事件，忽略那些不是window 我们关心，因此：

import Xlib
import Xlib.display

disp = Xlib.display.Display()
Xroot = disp.screen().root
NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW = disp.intern_atom('_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW')
Xroot.change_attributes(event_mask=Xlib.X.PropertyChangeMask |
                        Xlib.X.SubstructureNotifyMask)

windows = []

while True:
    # loop until an event happens that we care about
    # we care about a change to which window is active
    # (NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW property changes on the root)
    # or about the currently active window changing
    # in size or position (ConfigureNotify event for
    # our window or one of its ancestors)
    event = disp.next_event()
    if (event.type == Xlib.X.PropertyNotify and
            event.atom == NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW):
        active = disp.get_input_focus().focus
        try:
            name = active.get_wm_class()[1]
        except TypeError:
            name = "unknown"
        print("The active window has changed! It is now", name)

        # Because an X window is not necessarily just what one thinks of
        # as a window (the window manager may add an invisible frame, and
        # so on), we record not just the active window but its ancestors
        # up to the root, and treat a ConfigureNotify on any of those
        # ancestors as meaning that the active window has been moved or resized
        pointer = active
        windows = []
        while pointer.id != Xroot.id:
            windows.append(pointer)
            pointer = pointer.query_tree().parent
    elif event.type == Xlib.X.ConfigureNotify and event.window in windows:
        print("Active window size/position is now", event.x, event.y,
              event.width, event.height)

使用 Python xlib 在活动 X window 更改时获取通知

Get notifications when active X window changes using Python xlib

python

x11

xlib