CFNetwork SSLHandshake 失败 iOS 9

Question

使用 iOS 9 beta 1 的人有这个问题吗？

我使用标准 NSURLConnection 连接到网络服务，一旦调用网络服务，我就会收到以下错误。这目前在 iOS 8.3

中工作

可能是测试版错误？任何想法或想法都会很棒！我很早就知道它在 iOS 9 开发

这是完整的错误：

CFNetwork SSLHandshake failed (-9824) NSURLSession/NSURLConnection HTTP load failed (kCFStreamErrorDomainSSL, -9824)

 NSURLRequest * urlRequest = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://mywebserviceurl"]];
        NSURLResponse * response = nil;
        NSError * error = nil;
        NSData * data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:urlRequest
                                                  returningResponse:&response
                                                              error:&error];

Answer 1

iOS 9 和 OSX 10.11 要求您计划从中请求数据的所有主机使用 TLSv1.2 SSL，除非您在应用的 Info.plist 文件中指定例外域。

Info.plist 配置的语法如下所示：

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
  <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
  <dict>
    <key>yourserver.com</key>
    <dict>
      <!--Include to allow subdomains-->
      <key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
      <true/>
      <!--Include to allow insecure HTTP requests-->
      <key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
      <true/>
      <!--Include to specify minimum TLS version-->
      <key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
      <string>TLSv1.1</string>
    </dict>
  </dict>
</dict>

如果您的应用程序（例如第三方网络浏览器）需要连接到任意主机，您可以这样配置：

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <!--Connect to anything (this is probably BAD)-->
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>

如果您必须这样做，最好更新您的服务器以使用 TLSv1.2 和 SSL（如果它们尚未这样做）。这应该被视为临时解决方法。

截至今天，预发布文档没有以任何特定方式提及任何这些配置选项。完成后，我会将 link 的答案更新到相关文档中。

Answer 2

在 iOS 10+ 中，TLS 字符串必须采用 "TLSv1.0" 形式。它不能只是“1.0”。（叹息）

其他答案的以下组合有效。

假设您正在尝试连接到只有 TLS 1.0 的主机 (YOUR_HOST.COM)。

将这些添加到您应用的 Info.plist

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
    <dict>
        <key>YOUR_HOST.COM</key>
        <dict>
            <key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
            <true/>
            <key>NSTemporaryExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
            <true/>
            <key>NSTemporaryExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
            <string>TLSv1.0</string>
            <key>NSTemporaryExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy</key>
            <false/>
        </dict>
    </dict>
</dict>

Answer 3

了解更多信息Configuring App Transport Security Exceptions in iOS 9 and OSX 10.11

Curiously, you’ll notice that the connection attempts to change the http protocol to https to protect against mistakes in your code where you may have accidentally misconfigured the URL. In some cases, this might actually work, but it’s also confusing.

这篇Shipping an App With App Transport Security涵盖了一些很好的调试技巧

ATS 故障

Most ATS failures will present as CFErrors with a code in the -9800 series. These are defined in the Security/SecureTransport.h header

2015-08-23 06:34:42.700 SelfSignedServerATSTest[3792:683731] NSURLSession/NSURLConnection HTTP load failed (kCFStreamErrorDomainSSL, -9813)

CFNETWORK_DIAGNOSTICS

Set the environment variable CFNETWORK_DIAGNOSTICS to 1 in order to get more information on the console about the failure

nscurl

The tool will run through several different combinations of ATS exceptions, trying a secure connection to the given host under each ATS configuration and reporting the result.

nscurl --ats-diagnostics https://example.com

Answer 4

如果您的后端使用安全连接，您将使用 NSURLSession

CFNetwork SSLHandshake failed (-9801)
NSURLSession/NSURLConnection HTTP load failed (kCFStreamErrorDomainSSL, -9801)

您需要检查您的服务器配置，尤其是要获取 ATS 版本和 SSL 证书信息：

不只是通过设置 NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads = YES 允许不安全的连接，而是需要 允许降低安全性 以防您的服务器不满足 ATS 的最低要求 (v1.2)（或更好地修复服务器端）。

允许降低单个服务器的安全性

<key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
<dict>
    <key>api.yourDomaine.com</key>
    <dict>
        <key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
        <string>TLSv1.0</string>
        <key>NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy</key>
        <false/>
    </dict>
</dict>

使用 openssl 客户端调查证书并使用 openssl 客户端获取服务器配置：

openssl s_client  -connect api.yourDomaine.com:port //(you may need to specify port or  to try with https://... or www.)

..在最后找到

SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1
    Cipher    : AES256-SHA
    Session-ID: //
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Master-Key: //
    Key-Arg   : None
    Start Time: 1449693038
    Timeout   : 300 (sec)
    Verify return code: 0 (ok)

应用程序传输安全 (ATS) 需要传输层安全 (TLS) 协议版本 1.2。

Requirements for Connecting Using ATS:

The requirements for a web service connection to use App Transport Security (ATS) involve the server, connection ciphers, and certificates, as follows:

Certificates must be signed with one of the following types of keys:

Secure Hash Algorithm 2 (SHA-2) key with a digest length of at least 256 (that is, SHA-256 or greater)

Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (ECC) key with a size of at least 256 bits

Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) key with a length of at least 2048 bits An invalid certificate results in a hard failure and no connection.

The following connection ciphers support forward secrecy (FS) and work with ATS:

TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA

更新：原来openssl只提供最小协议版本 Protocol : TLSv1 links

Answer 5

当我使用 buggy/crashy Cordova iOS 版本时，这个错误有时会出现在日志中。当我升级或降级 cordova iOS.

时它消失了

我连接的服务器使用的是 TLSv1.2 SSL，所以我知道这不是问题所在。

Answer 6

在你的项目.plist文件中添加这个权限：

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <!--Connect to anything (this is probably BAD)-->
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>

Answer 7

Info.plist 配置的语法

   <key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
   <dict>
   <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
    <dict>
    <key>yourserver.com</key>
   <dict>
  <!--Include to allow subdomains-->
  <key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
  <true/>
  <!--Include to allow insecure HTTP requests-->
  <key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
  <true/>
  <!--Include to specify minimum TLS version-->
  <key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
  <string>TLSv1.1</string>
   </dict>
 </dict>

Answer 8

更新答案（post-WWDC 2016）：

iOS apps will require secure HTTPS connections by the end of 2016. Trying turn ATS off may get your app rejected in the future.

应用程序传输安全性或 ATS 是 Apple 在 iOS 9 中引入的一项功能。启用 ATS 后，它会强制应用程序通过 HTTPS 连接而不是非安全 HTTP 连接到 Web 服务。

但是，开发人员仍然可以关闭 ATS 并允许他们的应用通过 HTTP 连接发送数据，如上述答案中所述。到 2016 年底，Apple 将ATS 强制要求 所有希望将其应用程序提交到 App Store 的开发者。 link

Answer 9

另一个有用的工具是 nmap (brew install nmap)

nmap --script ssl-enum-ciphers -p 443 google.com

给出输出

Starting Nmap 7.12 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2016-08-11 17:25 IDT
Nmap scan report for google.com (172.217.23.46)
Host is up (0.061s latency).
Other addresses for google.com (not scanned): 2a00:1450:4009:80a::200e
PORT    STATE SERVICE
443/tcp open  https
| ssl-enum-ciphers: 
|   TLSv1.0: 
|     ciphers: 
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - C
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
|     compressors: 
|       NULL
|     cipher preference: server
|   TLSv1.1: 
|     ciphers: 
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - C
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
|     compressors: 
|       NULL
|     cipher preference: server
|   TLSv1.2: 
|     ciphers: 
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 (secp256r1) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - C
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (rsa 2048) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 (rsa 2048) - A
|       TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (rsa 2048) - A
|     compressors: 
|       NULL
|     cipher preference: client
|_  least strength: C

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5.48 seconds

Answer 10

经过两天的尝试和失败，对我有用的是

的代码

有一个变化，根据这个post我们应该停止使用与那种约定

的NSExceptionDomains字典关联的子键

  NSTemporaryExceptionMinimumTLSVersion

并在新公约中使用

  NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion

相反。

apple documentation

我的代码

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
    <dict>
        <key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
        <dict>
            <key>YOUR_HOST.COM</key>
            <dict>
                <key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
                <true/>
                <key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
                <string>TLSv1.0</string>
                <key>NSExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy</key>
                <false/>
                <key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
                <true/>
            </dict>
        </dict>
    </dict>

Answer 11

我测试的设备时间设置错误。因此，当我尝试访问一个带有很快运行证书的页面时，它会拒绝访问，因为该设备通过证书已过期。要修复，请在设备上设置适当的时间！

CFNetwork SSLHandshake 失败 iOS 9

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