为什么我在 Spring 引导 pom.xml 文件中有此警告? "Overriding managed version 1.5.9 for mariadb-java-client"

Why I have this warning in a Spring Boot pom.xml file? "Overriding managed version 1.5.9 for mariadb-java-client"

我很长时间没有使用 Spring,我有以下疑问。

我有这个 pom.xml 文件与 Spring Boot 项目相关:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.springboot</groupId>
    <artifactId>excel-api</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>Excel API with Spring Boot</name>
    <description>Spring Boot - working with Excel API</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-data</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Start of excel dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- End of excel dependencies -->

        <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
          <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Start DB connectivity dependencies -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
          <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
          <version>1.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- End DB connectivity dependencies -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

我添加了与 Maria DB 数据库连接相关的最后一个依赖项部分,这些行:

<!-- Start DB connectivity dependencies -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
  <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- End DB connectivity dependencies -->

在最后一个依赖项(Maria DB 客户端)上,它给我以下警告消息:

Overriding managed version 1.5.9 for mariadb-java-client

这条消息的确切含义是什么?在我看来,在某种程度上我应该已经有了这个客户端的更新版本(由 Spring 提供)。但是哪里?我以前从未导入过此依赖项,为什么要导入它?

还是我遗漏了什么?

这是因为您的项目将以某种方式扩展 POM spring-boot-dependencies through extending the parent POM spring-boot-starter-parent. And inside spring-boot-dependencies , it defines the version of many dependencies in <dependencyManagement> which the version of mariadb-java-client is 1.5.9

dependency management的目的是用来集中所有依赖项的相关信息。在这种情况下,它为一组库定义了一个默认版本,这样如果一个 children POM 想要包含这些库,它不需要在它们的 pom.xml 中为它们指定版本,因为它是已在 parent 的 <dependencyManagement> 中定义。

因此,在 children 项目的 pom.xml 中,我们可以简单地定义

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.foo.bar</groupId>
  <artifactId>foo-bar</artifactId>
</dependency>

而不是

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.foo.bar</groupId>
  <artifactId>foo-bar</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.56</version>
</dependency>

它允许扩展此 parent pom 的所有项目将具有一致的依赖项版本。

因此,如果您在 children pom 中指定的依赖项版本与 <dependencyManagement> 中定义的不同,它会给您以下警告:

Overriding managed version X.Y.Z for foo-bar