如何使用 OpenCV 叠加图像 AND text/shapes?

How to use OpenCV to overlay an image AND text/shapes?

我 运行 遇到了关于 OpenCV 的 t运行sparent 覆盖的问题。到目前为止,这是我的代码:

import cv2

cap = cv2.VideoCapture('Sample_Vid.mp4')
stat_overlay = cv2.imread('overlay.png')
fps = 21

if cap.isOpened():
    while cap.isOpened():
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        overlay = frame.copy()
        output = frame.copy()

        cv2.rectangle(overlay, (0, 0), (730, 50), (0, 0, 0), -1)
        cv2.putText(overlay, fps, (1230, 20), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_DUPLEX, 0.5, (255, 255, 255), 1)
        cv2.addWeighted(overlay, 1.0, output, 0, 0, output)

        cv2.imshow('frame', output)

所以我的框架有一个矩形,上面显示了 FPS。现在我想先覆盖我的 stat_overlay 图像,然后再覆盖文本和形状,因为它们本来就是动态的。在我读到的每一个解释中,都被告知使用 cv2.addWeighted(stat_overlay, 1.0, output, 0, 0, output) 来执行此操作,但我已经有一个类似于动态叠加层使用的命令,如果我在它上面插入第二个命令,它就不起作用。有什么解决办法吗?

提前感谢您的回答!

您正在使用的命令:cv2.addWeighted(overlay, 1.0, output, 0, 0, output),使用alpha = 1.0,和beta = 0,所以没有透明度。
您基本上是在 overlay 图像复制到 output 图像中。

AddWeighted documentation:

cv2.addWeighted(src1, alpha, src2, beta, gamma[, dst[, dtype]])
src1 – first input array.
alpha – weight of the first array elements.
src2 – second input array of the same size and channel number as src1.
beta – weight of the second array elements.
dst – output array that has the same size and number of channels as the input arrays.

您还可以使用以下代码叠加文本:

output = frame.copy()
cv2.rectangle(output, (0, 0), (730, 50), (0, 0, 0), -1)
cv2.putText(output, fps, (1230, 20), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_DUPLEX, 0.5, (255, 255, 255), 1)

要覆盖 stat_overlay,您可以使用 Alpha blending 代码示例之类的解决方案。

不知道'overlay.png'是RGB格式还是RGBA格式
如果图像有 alpha 通道,您可以将其用作透明平面。
如果图像是 RGB,您可以创建所需的 alpha 平面。

如果 'overlay.png' 是小图片(如徽标),您可能不需要任何这些,您可以 "place" output 图片上的小图片.


我创建了一个独立的代码示例,它基于 alpha blending 示例。
为了使代码自包含,代码使用:

  • ffmpeg-python 用于生成合成视频(用于测试)。
  • 代码,画红圈代替'overlay.png'

代码如下:

import ffmpeg
import cv2
import numpy as np

in_filename = 'Sample_Vid.mp4' # Input file for testing (".264" or ".h264" is a convention for elementary h264 video stream file)

## Build synthetic video, for testing:
################################################
# ffmpeg -y -r 10 -f lavfi -i testsrc=size=192x108:rate=1 -c:v libx264 -crf 23 -t 50 test_vid.264

width, height = 640, 480

(
    ffmpeg
    .input('testsrc=size={}x{}:rate=1'.format(width, height), f='lavfi')
    .output(in_filename, vcodec='libx264', crf=23, t=5)
    .overwrite_output()
    .run()
)
################################################


cap = cv2.VideoCapture('Sample_Vid.mp4')
#stat_overlay = cv2.imread('overlay.png')

# Create image with green circle, instead of reaing a file
# The image is created as RGBA (the 4'th plane is the transparency).
stat_overlay = np.zeros((height, width, 4), np.uint8)
cv2.circle(stat_overlay, (320, 240), 80, (0, 0, 255, 255), thickness=20) # Draw red circle (with alpha = 255) 

# https://www.learnopencv.com/alpha-blending-using-opencv-cpp-python/
stat_alpha = stat_overlay[:, :, 3] # Take 4'th plane as alpha channel
stat_alpha = cv2.cvtColor(stat_alpha, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR) # Duplicate alpha channel 3 times (to match output dimensions)

# https://www.learnopencv.com/alpha-blending-using-opencv-cpp-python/
# Normalize the alpha mask to keep intensity between 0 and 1
stat_alpha = stat_alpha.astype(float) / 255

stat_overlay = stat_overlay[:, :, 0:3] # Get RGB channels

fps = 21


if cap.isOpened():
    while cap.isOpened():
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        if ret:            
            output = frame.copy()

            # https://www.learnopencv.com/alpha-blending-using-opencv-cpp-python/
            # Alpha blending:
            foreground = stat_overlay.astype(float)
            background = output.astype(float)

            # Multiply the foreground with the alpha matte
            foreground = cv2.multiply(stat_alpha, foreground)

            # Multiply the background with ( 1 - alpha )
            background = cv2.multiply(1.0 - stat_alpha, background)

            # Add the masked foreground and background.
            output = cv2.add(foreground, background).astype(np.uint8)

            cv2.rectangle(output, (0, 0), (230, 50), (0, 0, 0), -1)
            cv2.putText(output, str(fps), (123, 20), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_DUPLEX, 0.5, (255, 255, 255), 1)

            cv2.imshow('frame', output)
            cv2.waitKey(1000)

        else:
            break

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果(最后一帧):