"error: no matching function for call to" constructor errror

"error: no matching function for call to" constructor errror

我正在尝试构建一个电路模拟器,并且 运行 出现了一些具有继承性的错误。我想我只是很困惑,因为我已经盯着它看了太久了,所以希望得到一些帮助。

错误信息:

prep_3.cpp: In constructor 'wire::wire(bool&, binary_gate&)':
prep_3.cpp:147:70: error: no matching function for call to 'binary_gate::binary_gate()'
   wire(bool &from, binary_gate &to) : bit_output(from), gate_input(to) {
                                                                      ^

Class 导致问题:

class wire{
    public : 
        wire(binary_gate &from, binary_gate &to) : gate_output(from), gate_input(to) {
            //want to pass output of from into to.
            //therefore must set_next_bit of to taking the input as the output of from
            to.set_next_bit(from.get_output()); 
        }

        wire(bool &from, binary_gate &to) : bit_output(from), gate_input(to) {
            to.set_next_bit(from); 
        }

    private : 
        binary_gate gate_output, gate_input; 
        bool bit_output, bit_input; 
}; 

二元门class:

class binary_gate : public logic_element{
    public : 
    binary_gate(string s) : logic_element(s), bitA_status(false), bitB_status(false){}; 

    bool get_bitA(){
        if(!bitA_status){
            cout << "A hasn't been assigned yet! please set it : " ; 
            cin >> bitA; 
            bitA_status = true; 
        }
        return bitA; 
    }

    bool get_bitB(){
        if(!bitB_status){
            cout << "B hasn't been assigned yet! please set it : " ; 
            cin >> bitB; 
            bitB_status = true; 
        }
        return bitB; 
    }

    void set_bitA(bool val){
        bitA = val; 
        bitA_status = true; 
    }

    void set_bitB(bool val){
        bitB = val; 
        bitB_status = true; 
    }

    bool get_statusA(){
        return bitA_status; 
    }


    bool get_statusB(){
        return bitB_status; 
    }

    virtual void set_next_bit(bool from_bit){ 
        if(!bitA_status){ 
            bitA = from_bit;
            this->bitA_status = true; 
        }
        else if(!bitB_status){ 
            bitB = from_bit; 
            this->bitB_status = true;           
        }
    }

    protected: 
        bool bitA;
        bool bitB; 
        bool bitA_status; // true = taken, false = empty
        bool bitB_status; // true = taken, false = empty

};

请记住,在我为 wire 添加第二个构造函数之前,代码是有效的,它接受一个 bool 和一个 binary_gate。

我推断错误来自连线中的第二个构造函数 class。这让我感到困惑,因为它与第一个构造函数非常相似,我所做的只是传递一个布尔输入,可以说这应该更易于编码!

谢谢

你的wireclass有4个成员变量。这些中的每一个都需要在构建 wire 期间构建。

wire(bool &from, binary_gate &to) : bit_output(from), gate_input(to)

给出了如何构造 bit_outputgate_input 的说明,但没有给出 bit_inputgate_output 的说明。为此调用默认构造函数。但是您没有 gate_input 类型的默认构造函数 binary_gate.

binary_gate class

中为 binary_gate 声明一个 public 默认构造函数
binary_gate() = default;

binary_gate() : ...initialization list... {}

如果您希望默认 binary_gate 具有其他特定值。

问题是 wire class:

的第二个构造函数
wire(bool &from, binary_gate &to) : bit_output(from), gate_input(to) {
    to.set_next_bit(from); 
}

需要为 binary_gate 调用 默认构造函数 ,为 gate_output 成员...并且您没有提供默认构造函数(即没有参数的)。这是因为,一旦您提供了具有不同签名(如 binary_gate(string s))的构造函数,编译器就不再提供隐式默认值。来自 cppreference(加粗我的):

If no user-declared constructors of any kind are provided for a class type (struct, class, or union), the compiler will always declare a default constructor as an inline public member of its class.

但是,wire class 的其他构造函数对 gate_inputgate_output 使用 复制构造函数 ,并且编译器确实为此提供了一个默认值。同样,来自 cppreference:

If no user-defined copy constructors are provided for a class type (struct, class, or union), the compiler will always declare a copy constructor as a non-explicit inline public member of its class.

要解决这个问题,您需要显式设置默认构造函数(不带参数);最简单的方法如下:

class binary_gate : public logic_element{
    public : 
    binary_gate(string s) : logic_element(s), bitA_status(false), bitB_status(false){}; 
    binary_gate() = default; // Provide an *explicit* default constructor.
    //...

随时要求进一步澄清and/or解释。