使用crypto-js对文件进行AES加解密
AES encryption and decryption of files using crypto-js
我目前有这样的需求,但是加密后的文件无法解密,生成的文件总是损坏打不开,不知道问题出在哪里。下面贴出的代码是我在VUE中使用的代码。
Encode() {
let CryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
this.file_mime = this.file.type;
this.file_name = this.file.name;
let reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
let key = "1234567887654321";
// let wordArray = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.create(reader.result);
// let plaintext = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(wordArray);
let encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(reader.result, key).toString();
this.file2 = new Blob([encrypted], {
type: this.file_mime
});
const a = document.createElement("a");
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(this.file2);
const filename = this.file_name;
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsBinaryString(this.file);
}
Decode() {
let CryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
let reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
let key = "1234567887654321";
let decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(reader.result, key).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8)
this.file2 = new Blob([decrypted], {type: this.file_mime});
const a = document.createElement("a");
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(this.file2);
const filename = this.file_name;
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsBinaryString(this.file);
}
在 JavaScript 中有几种数组类型:Array
, ArrayBuffer
and typed arrays. CryptoJS also uses WordArray
。您必须在这些类型之间正确转换。
用于加密,FileReader.readAsBinaryString
should be replaced by FileReader.readAsArrayBuffer
, which returns the binary data from the file as an ArrayBuffer
. In the encryption-method the ArrayBuffer
can be converted into a WordArray
which can be processed directly by CryptoJS.AES.encrypt
. CryptoJS.AES.encrypt
returns the ciphertext as CipherParams
object (here),用toString()
转换为OpenSSL格式的Base64编码字符串。该字符串可用于直接创建 blob。
注意:由于密钥在 CryptoJS.AES.encrypt
中作为字符串传递,因此它被解释为密码短语,并使用 OpenSSL 使用的相同算法生成随机的 8 字节盐,从中连同生成密码、密钥和 IV。密文前面是一个 16 字节的块,由 Salted__
的 ASCII 编码组成,后面是 8 字节的盐,整个内容是 Base64 编码的。因此,在这种 OpenSSL 格式中,Base64 编码数据以 U2FsdGVkX1
、here and here 开头。
加密方法的变化:
function encrypt(input) {
var file = input.files[0];
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
var key = "1234567887654321";
var wordArray = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.create(reader.result); // Convert: ArrayBuffer -> WordArray
var encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(wordArray, key).toString(); // Encryption: I: WordArray -> O: -> Base64 encoded string (OpenSSL-format)
var fileEnc = new Blob([encrypted]); // Create blob from string
var a = document.createElement("a");
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(fileEnc);
var filename = file.name + ".enc";
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(file);
}
注意:由于加密后的数据是Base64编码的,而Base64编码有一个overhead of 33%,所以加密后的数据相对于未加密的数据相应的更大
为了解密,FileReader.readAsBinaryString
应该替换为FileReader.readAsText
, because the encrypted data are stored as a Base64 encoded string (in OpenSSL format), which can be passed directly to CryptoJS.AES.decrypt
. This string is implicitly converted into a CipherParams
object (here,或者,可以显式传递一个CipherParams
对象)。 CryptoJS.AES.decrypt
returns 解密数据为 WordArray
,因此必须转换为类型化数组或 ArrayBuffer
才能创建 blob。为此,可以使用以下函数:
function convertWordArrayToUint8Array(wordArray) {
var arrayOfWords = wordArray.hasOwnProperty("words") ? wordArray.words : [];
var length = wordArray.hasOwnProperty("sigBytes") ? wordArray.sigBytes : arrayOfWords.length * 4;
var uInt8Array = new Uint8Array(length), index=0, word, i;
for (i=0; i<length; i++) {
word = arrayOfWords[i];
uInt8Array[index++] = word >> 24;
uInt8Array[index++] = (word >> 16) & 0xff;
uInt8Array[index++] = (word >> 8) & 0xff;
uInt8Array[index++] = word & 0xff;
}
return uInt8Array;
}
注意:将 WordArray
转换为 Utf8 字符串(如发布的代码中所示)是不可能的,并且通常会损坏数据,因为二进制数据(例如来自 pdf 的数据)包含任意字节序列通常不对应于 Utf8 编码(因为二进制数据不包含可打印字符),here。
解密方法的变化:
function decrypt(input) {
var file = input.files[0];
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
var key = "1234567887654321";
var decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(reader.result, key); // Decryption: I: Base64 encoded string (OpenSSL-format) -> O: WordArray
var typedArray = convertWordArrayToUint8Array(decrypted); // Convert: WordArray -> typed array
var fileDec = new Blob([typedArray]); // Create blob from typed array
var a = document.createElement("a");
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(fileDec);
var filename = file.name.substr(0, file.name.length - 4) + ".dec";
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsText(file);
}
我目前有这样的需求,但是加密后的文件无法解密,生成的文件总是损坏打不开,不知道问题出在哪里。下面贴出的代码是我在VUE中使用的代码。
Encode() {
let CryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
this.file_mime = this.file.type;
this.file_name = this.file.name;
let reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
let key = "1234567887654321";
// let wordArray = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.create(reader.result);
// let plaintext = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.stringify(wordArray);
let encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(reader.result, key).toString();
this.file2 = new Blob([encrypted], {
type: this.file_mime
});
const a = document.createElement("a");
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(this.file2);
const filename = this.file_name;
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsBinaryString(this.file);
}
Decode() {
let CryptoJS = require("crypto-js");
let reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
let key = "1234567887654321";
let decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(reader.result, key).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8)
this.file2 = new Blob([decrypted], {type: this.file_mime});
const a = document.createElement("a");
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(this.file2);
const filename = this.file_name;
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsBinaryString(this.file);
}
在 JavaScript 中有几种数组类型:Array
, ArrayBuffer
and typed arrays. CryptoJS also uses WordArray
。您必须在这些类型之间正确转换。
用于加密,FileReader.readAsBinaryString
should be replaced by FileReader.readAsArrayBuffer
, which returns the binary data from the file as an ArrayBuffer
. In the encryption-method the ArrayBuffer
can be converted into a WordArray
which can be processed directly by CryptoJS.AES.encrypt
. CryptoJS.AES.encrypt
returns the ciphertext as CipherParams
object (here),用toString()
转换为OpenSSL格式的Base64编码字符串。该字符串可用于直接创建 blob。
注意:由于密钥在 CryptoJS.AES.encrypt
中作为字符串传递,因此它被解释为密码短语,并使用 OpenSSL 使用的相同算法生成随机的 8 字节盐,从中连同生成密码、密钥和 IV。密文前面是一个 16 字节的块,由 Salted__
的 ASCII 编码组成,后面是 8 字节的盐,整个内容是 Base64 编码的。因此,在这种 OpenSSL 格式中,Base64 编码数据以 U2FsdGVkX1
、here and here 开头。
加密方法的变化:
function encrypt(input) {
var file = input.files[0];
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
var key = "1234567887654321";
var wordArray = CryptoJS.lib.WordArray.create(reader.result); // Convert: ArrayBuffer -> WordArray
var encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(wordArray, key).toString(); // Encryption: I: WordArray -> O: -> Base64 encoded string (OpenSSL-format)
var fileEnc = new Blob([encrypted]); // Create blob from string
var a = document.createElement("a");
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(fileEnc);
var filename = file.name + ".enc";
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(file);
}
注意:由于加密后的数据是Base64编码的,而Base64编码有一个overhead of 33%,所以加密后的数据相对于未加密的数据相应的更大
为了解密,FileReader.readAsBinaryString
应该替换为FileReader.readAsText
, because the encrypted data are stored as a Base64 encoded string (in OpenSSL format), which can be passed directly to CryptoJS.AES.decrypt
. This string is implicitly converted into a CipherParams
object (here,或者,可以显式传递一个CipherParams
对象)。 CryptoJS.AES.decrypt
returns 解密数据为 WordArray
,因此必须转换为类型化数组或 ArrayBuffer
才能创建 blob。为此,可以使用以下函数:
function convertWordArrayToUint8Array(wordArray) {
var arrayOfWords = wordArray.hasOwnProperty("words") ? wordArray.words : [];
var length = wordArray.hasOwnProperty("sigBytes") ? wordArray.sigBytes : arrayOfWords.length * 4;
var uInt8Array = new Uint8Array(length), index=0, word, i;
for (i=0; i<length; i++) {
word = arrayOfWords[i];
uInt8Array[index++] = word >> 24;
uInt8Array[index++] = (word >> 16) & 0xff;
uInt8Array[index++] = (word >> 8) & 0xff;
uInt8Array[index++] = word & 0xff;
}
return uInt8Array;
}
注意:将 WordArray
转换为 Utf8 字符串(如发布的代码中所示)是不可能的,并且通常会损坏数据,因为二进制数据(例如来自 pdf 的数据)包含任意字节序列通常不对应于 Utf8 编码(因为二进制数据不包含可打印字符),here。
解密方法的变化:
function decrypt(input) {
var file = input.files[0];
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
var key = "1234567887654321";
var decrypted = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(reader.result, key); // Decryption: I: Base64 encoded string (OpenSSL-format) -> O: WordArray
var typedArray = convertWordArrayToUint8Array(decrypted); // Convert: WordArray -> typed array
var fileDec = new Blob([typedArray]); // Create blob from typed array
var a = document.createElement("a");
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(fileDec);
var filename = file.name.substr(0, file.name.length - 4) + ".dec";
a.href = url;
a.download = filename;
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};
reader.readAsText(file);
}