为什么在 Spring 引导应用程序中尝试使用准备好的语句执行 JdbcTemplate 查询时出现此错误？
Why am I obtaining this error trying to perform JdbcTemplate query using prepared statement in a Spring Boot application?
我已经有很长时间没有使用 Spring 了，目前我发现在尝试使用准备好的语句执行查询时遇到了一些困难。查询结果是我的数据库（MariaDB）中的一行。
我把这个方法写进了一个@Repository class:
@Override
public TagDTO findTagByTagIdentifier(String tagIdentifier) {
TagDTO tagDto = new TagDTO();
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) jdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
new Object[] { tagIdentifier },
BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));
return result;
}
如您所见，我使用 :tagIdentifier 参数指定了 where 条件参数，我试图将其替换为 query() 方法传递 new Object[] { tagIdentifier } 作为方法参数。
但这不起作用。
当我执行我的单元测试时它失败了，在我的堆栈跟踪中我只收到这条错误消息：
org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier]; SQL state [null]; error code [0]; Could not set parameter at position 1 (values vas 'Y_KT8_401_ETA_GTCOMP'); nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Could not set parameter at position 1 (values vas 'Y_KT8_401_ETA_GTCOMP')
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:90)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:82)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:82)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:655)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:690)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:722)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:732)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:782)
at com.springboot.excelapi.repository.TagRepository.findTagByTagIdentifier(TagRepository.java:32)
at com.springboot.excelapi.repository.TagRepository$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$d21d6de9.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:738)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:136)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:673)
at com.springboot.excelapi.repository.TagRepository$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$f8b080ad.findTagByTagIdentifier(<generated>)
at com.springboot.excelapi.service.TagService.findTagByTagIdentifier(TagService.java:26)
at com.springboot.excelapi.integration.ServiceTest.findTagByTagIdentifier(ServiceTest.java:43)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:252)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=12=]0(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:89)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:542)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:770)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:464)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Could not set parameter at position 1 (values vas 'Y_KT8_401_ETA_GTCOMP')
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.util.ExceptionMapper.getSqlException(ExceptionMapper.java:163)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.MariaDbClientPreparedStatement.setParameter(MariaDbClientPreparedStatement.java:415)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.AbstractPrepareStatement.setString(AbstractPrepareStatement.java:1230)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.StatementFacade$StatementProxy.invoke(StatementFacade.java:114)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy89.setString(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setValue(StatementCreatorUtils.java:453)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setParameterValueInternal(StatementCreatorUtils.java:241)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setParameterValue(StatementCreatorUtils.java:172)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.doSetValue(ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.java:66)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.setValues(ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.java:47)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:696)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:639)
... 44 more
为了完整性：在同一个 class 中，我有一个类似的方法执行类似的查询，没有 where 条件（并返回多行）并且它工作正常。
那么，我的代码有什么问题？我错过了什么？我怎样才能修复它以正确执行我的查询？
您正在使用命名的 SQL 查询。您需要传递如下参数：
Map namedParameters = Collections.singletonMap("tagIdentifier", tagIdentifier);
这是因为您混合了命名和位置 JDBC 参数。 JdbcTemplate 只支持位置参数.
因此使用 JDBCTemplate 要么这样做：
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = ?";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) jdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
new Object[] { tagIdentifier },
BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));
或使用 NamedJdbcParameterTemplate 并执行此操作：
SqlParameterSource namedParameters = new MapSqlParameterSource().addValue("tagIdentifier", 1);
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) namedParamJdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
namedParameters, BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class)},
您似乎在使用 JdbcTemplate 和不支持的命名参数。将 :tagIdentifier 替换为 ? 或切换为 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate。 Source
使用命名参数时，您必须使用 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate 而不是 JdbcTemplate，例如：
@Override
public TagDTO findTagByTagIdentifier(String tagIdentifier) {
TagDTO tagDto = new TagDTO();
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier";
SqlParameterSource param = new MapSqlParameterSource("tagIdentifier", tagIdentifier);
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) namedParameterJdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
param, BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));
return tagDto;
或者，您仍然可以将 JdbcTemplate 与通用占位符 ?:
一起使用
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = ?";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) jdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
new Object[] { tagIdentifier },
BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));
我已经有很长时间没有使用 Spring 了，目前我发现在尝试使用准备好的语句执行查询时遇到了一些困难。查询结果是我的数据库（MariaDB）中的一行。
我把这个方法写进了一个@Repository class:
@Override
public TagDTO findTagByTagIdentifier(String tagIdentifier) {
TagDTO tagDto = new TagDTO();
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) jdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
new Object[] { tagIdentifier },
BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));
return result;
}
如您所见，我使用 :tagIdentifier 参数指定了 where 条件参数，我试图将其替换为 query() 方法传递 new Object[] { tagIdentifier } 作为方法参数。
但这不起作用。
当我执行我的单元测试时它失败了，在我的堆栈跟踪中我只收到这条错误消息：
org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier]; SQL state [null]; error code [0]; Could not set parameter at position 1 (values vas 'Y_KT8_401_ETA_GTCOMP'); nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Could not set parameter at position 1 (values vas 'Y_KT8_401_ETA_GTCOMP')
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:90)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:82)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:82)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:655)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:690)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:722)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:732)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.query(JdbcTemplate.java:782)
at com.springboot.excelapi.repository.TagRepository.findTagByTagIdentifier(TagRepository.java:32)
at com.springboot.excelapi.repository.TagRepository$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$d21d6de9.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:738)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:136)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:673)
at com.springboot.excelapi.repository.TagRepository$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$f8b080ad.findTagByTagIdentifier(<generated>)
at com.springboot.excelapi.service.TagService.findTagByTagIdentifier(TagService.java:26)
at com.springboot.excelapi.integration.ServiceTest.findTagByTagIdentifier(ServiceTest.java:43)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:252)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=12=]0(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:89)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:542)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:770)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:464)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Could not set parameter at position 1 (values vas 'Y_KT8_401_ETA_GTCOMP')
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.util.ExceptionMapper.getSqlException(ExceptionMapper.java:163)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.MariaDbClientPreparedStatement.setParameter(MariaDbClientPreparedStatement.java:415)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.AbstractPrepareStatement.setString(AbstractPrepareStatement.java:1230)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.StatementFacade$StatementProxy.invoke(StatementFacade.java:114)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy89.setString(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setValue(StatementCreatorUtils.java:453)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setParameterValueInternal(StatementCreatorUtils.java:241)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setParameterValue(StatementCreatorUtils.java:172)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.doSetValue(ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.java:66)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.setValues(ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.java:47)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:696)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:639)
... 44 more
为了完整性：在同一个 class 中，我有一个类似的方法执行类似的查询，没有 where 条件（并返回多行）并且它工作正常。
那么，我的代码有什么问题？我错过了什么？我怎样才能修复它以正确执行我的查询？
您正在使用命名的 SQL 查询。您需要传递如下参数：
Map namedParameters = Collections.singletonMap("tagIdentifier", tagIdentifier);
这是因为您混合了命名和位置 JDBC 参数。 JdbcTemplate 只支持位置参数.
因此使用 JDBCTemplate 要么这样做：
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = ?";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) jdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
new Object[] { tagIdentifier },
BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));
或使用 NamedJdbcParameterTemplate 并执行此操作：
SqlParameterSource namedParameters = new MapSqlParameterSource().addValue("tagIdentifier", 1);
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) namedParamJdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
namedParameters, BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class)},
您似乎在使用 JdbcTemplate 和不支持的命名参数。将 :tagIdentifier 替换为 ? 或切换为 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate。 Source
使用命名参数时，您必须使用 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate 而不是 JdbcTemplate，例如：
@Override
public TagDTO findTagByTagIdentifier(String tagIdentifier) {
TagDTO tagDto = new TagDTO();
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = :tagIdentifier";
SqlParameterSource param = new MapSqlParameterSource("tagIdentifier", tagIdentifier);
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) namedParameterJdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
param, BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));
return tagDto;
或者，您仍然可以将 JdbcTemplate 与通用占位符 ?:
String SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER = "SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE TagIdentifier = ?";
TagDTO result = (TagDTO) jdbcTemplate.query(SELECT_BY_TAG_IDENTIFIER,
new Object[] { tagIdentifier },
BeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(TagDTO.class));