从 ppm 文件中读取 RGB 值并使用结构（动态数组）将它们存储到名为 "Image" 的二维数组中
Reading RGB values from a ppm file & storing them into a 2d array called "Image" using a struct (dynamic arrays)
我正在尝试从 ppm 文件中读取并提取 RGB 值并将它们存储到带有 C++ 的二维数组中。我很确定解决方案非常简单，但对于我来说，我看不到它。我所有的尝试都会产生大量错误。
编辑：数组中的值必须按列优先顺序排列。显然我需要将数字存储在一个结构中，并将这些数字存储到数组中。
背景知识：
第一个参数是要打开和读取的文件名。
第二个参数是保存颜色值的二维像素（结构）数组。
"Width" 是整个数组 'travel' 所需的数组宽度（即列数）。
"Height" 是 'travel' 穿过数组
所需的数组高度（即行数）
我目前拥有的代码：
#include "functions.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool imageLoader(string filename, Pixel** image, int width, int height) {
ifstream fin(filename.c_str());
if(!fin.is_open()) {
cout << "Error: failed to open input file - " << filename << endl;
return false;
}
// get type from preamble
char type[3];
fin >> type; // should be P3
if((toupper(type[0]) != 'P') || (type[1] != '3')) { // check that type is correct
cout << "Error: type is " << type << "instead of P3" << endl;
return false;
}
int w = 0, h = 0;
fin >> w >> h;
if(w != width) { // check that width matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << width << ")does not match value in file ("
<< w << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
if(h != height) { // check that height matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << height
<< ") does not match value in file (" << h << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
// get maximum value from preamble
int colorMax = 0;
fin >> colorMax;
if(colorMax > 255 || colorMax < 0) {
cout << "Error: invalid color value" << colorMax << endl;
return false;
}
// THIS IS WHAT I NEED HELP WITH
// I am not sure how this is supposed to work out
// extract rgb values and place into 2d arr
/* errors :(
Pixel colors;
int colors.r[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.b[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.g[][] = {0, 0, 0};
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
fin >> colors.r >> colors.g >> colors.g;
cout << colors.r[i][j];
}
}
*/
return true;
}
这是我在头文件中包含的头文件。请不要修改。我们只关注 imageLoader：
#ifndef FUNCTIONS_H
#define FUNCTIONS_H
#include <string>
#include "functions.h"
struct Pixel {
int r; // red
int g; // green
int b; // blue
};
Pixel** createImage(int width, int height);
void deleteImage(Pixel** image, int width);
bool imageLoader(std::string filename, Pixel** image, int width, int height);
如果需要任何额外信息，请通知我。谢谢你。
读取像素相对简单，如果你知道如何分配图像。
如果您想以二维数组的形式访问图像（分辨率是一个参数），您需要分配一个指向数据的指针数组。
示例：
image -> [col0, col1, col2, ...]
(col0, col1, col2 are pointers to columns - applies column major)
col0 -> ####### (points first columns)
col1 -> #######
col2 -> #######
参见：How do I declare a 2d array in C++ using new?
我使用了 here 中的示例图片，并添加了一列。
输入图像文件内容：
P3
5 4
255
0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 255 0 0 255
0 0 0 0 255 175 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 175 0 0 0 0 0 255
255 0 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 0 255
读取像素的循环：
Pixel colors;
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
fin >> colors.r >> colors.g >> colors.b;
//Column major - row index comes first.
image[j][i] = colors; //Copy RGB values into image
}
}
整个代码示例：
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
struct Pixel {
int r; // red
int g; // green
int b; // blue
};
using namespace std;
bool imageLoader(string filename, Pixel** image, int width, int height) {
ifstream fin(filename.c_str());
if(!fin.is_open()) {
cout << "Error: failed to open input file - " << filename << endl;
return false;
}
// get type from preamble
char type[3];
fin >> type; // should be P3
if((toupper(type[0]) != 'P') || (type[1] != '3')) { // check that type is correct
cout << "Error: type is " << type << "instead of P3" << endl;
return false;
}
int w = 0, h = 0;
fin >> w >> h;
if(w != width) { // check that width matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << width << ")does not match value in file ("
<< w << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
if(h != height) { // check that height matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << height
<< ") does not match value in file (" << h << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
// get maximum value from preamble
int colorMax = 0;
fin >> colorMax;
if(colorMax > 255 || colorMax < 0) {
cout << "Error: invalid color value" << colorMax << endl;
return false;
}
// THIS IS WHAT I NEED HELP WITH
// I am not sure how this is supposed to work out
// extract rgb values and place into 2d arr
/* errors :(
int colors.r[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.b[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.g[][] = {0, 0, 0};
*/
Pixel colors;
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
fin >> colors.r >> colors.g >> colors.b;
//cout << "(" << i << ", " << j << "): " << colors.r << " " << colors.g << " " << colors.b << endl;
//Column major - row index comes first.
image[j][i] = colors; //Copy RGB values into image
}
}
return true;
}
int main()
{
//img.ppm
//https://www.cs.swarthmore.edu/~soni/cs35/f12/Labs/extras/01/ppm_info.html
//P3
//5 4
//255
//0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 255 0 0 255
//0 0 0 0 255 175 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255
//0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 175 0 0 0 0 0 255
//255 0 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 0 255
int width = 5; //Number of columns
int height = 4; //Number of rows
//Allocate memory
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Allocate array of 128 pointers (pointer to columns - since column major is required)
Pixel** image = new Pixel* [width];
//Allocate columns (each column is 96 pixels).
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
image[j] = new Pixel[height];
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
bool res = imageLoader("img.ppm", image, width, height);
if (!res) {
cout << "res = " << res << endl;
}
//Free memory
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Delete columns.
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
delete [] image[j];
}
//Delete image.
delete [] image;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
return 0;
}
结果（观看 window）：
- image[0],4 0x0000000000ba2f20 {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=255 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
- image[1],4 0x0000000000ba2fc0 {r=100 g=0 b=0 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=100 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=255 b=175 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
- image[2],4 0x0000000000ba7470 {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=15 b=175 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
- image[3],4 0x0000000000ba7510 {r=255 g=0 b=255 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=255 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=255 g=255 b=255 } Pixel
- image[4],4 0x0000000000ba75b0 {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
我正在尝试从 ppm 文件中读取并提取 RGB 值并将它们存储到带有 C++ 的二维数组中。我很确定解决方案非常简单，但对于我来说，我看不到它。我所有的尝试都会产生大量错误。
编辑：数组中的值必须按列优先顺序排列。显然我需要将数字存储在一个结构中，并将这些数字存储到数组中。
背景知识：
第一个参数是要打开和读取的文件名。 第二个参数是保存颜色值的二维像素（结构）数组。 "Width" 是整个数组 'travel' 所需的数组宽度（即列数）。 "Height" 是 'travel' 穿过数组
所需的数组高度（即行数）我目前拥有的代码：
#include "functions.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool imageLoader(string filename, Pixel** image, int width, int height) {
ifstream fin(filename.c_str());
if(!fin.is_open()) {
cout << "Error: failed to open input file - " << filename << endl;
return false;
}
// get type from preamble
char type[3];
fin >> type; // should be P3
if((toupper(type[0]) != 'P') || (type[1] != '3')) { // check that type is correct
cout << "Error: type is " << type << "instead of P3" << endl;
return false;
}
int w = 0, h = 0;
fin >> w >> h;
if(w != width) { // check that width matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << width << ")does not match value in file ("
<< w << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
if(h != height) { // check that height matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << height
<< ") does not match value in file (" << h << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
// get maximum value from preamble
int colorMax = 0;
fin >> colorMax;
if(colorMax > 255 || colorMax < 0) {
cout << "Error: invalid color value" << colorMax << endl;
return false;
}
// THIS IS WHAT I NEED HELP WITH
// I am not sure how this is supposed to work out
// extract rgb values and place into 2d arr
/* errors :(
Pixel colors;
int colors.r[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.b[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.g[][] = {0, 0, 0};
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
fin >> colors.r >> colors.g >> colors.g;
cout << colors.r[i][j];
}
}
*/
return true;
}
这是我在头文件中包含的头文件。请不要修改。我们只关注 imageLoader：
#ifndef FUNCTIONS_H
#define FUNCTIONS_H
#include <string>
#include "functions.h"
struct Pixel {
int r; // red
int g; // green
int b; // blue
};
Pixel** createImage(int width, int height);
void deleteImage(Pixel** image, int width);
bool imageLoader(std::string filename, Pixel** image, int width, int height);
如果需要任何额外信息，请通知我。谢谢你。
读取像素相对简单，如果你知道如何分配图像。
如果您想以二维数组的形式访问图像（分辨率是一个参数），您需要分配一个指向数据的指针数组。
示例：
image -> [col0, col1, col2, ...]
(col0, col1, col2 are pointers to columns - applies column major)
col0 -> ####### (points first columns)
col1 -> #######
col2 -> #######
参见：How do I declare a 2d array in C++ using new?
我使用了 here 中的示例图片，并添加了一列。
输入图像文件内容：
P3
5 4
255
0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 255 0 0 255
0 0 0 0 255 175 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 175 0 0 0 0 0 255
255 0 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 0 255
读取像素的循环：
Pixel colors;
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
fin >> colors.r >> colors.g >> colors.b;
//Column major - row index comes first.
image[j][i] = colors; //Copy RGB values into image
}
}
整个代码示例：
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
struct Pixel {
int r; // red
int g; // green
int b; // blue
};
using namespace std;
bool imageLoader(string filename, Pixel** image, int width, int height) {
ifstream fin(filename.c_str());
if(!fin.is_open()) {
cout << "Error: failed to open input file - " << filename << endl;
return false;
}
// get type from preamble
char type[3];
fin >> type; // should be P3
if((toupper(type[0]) != 'P') || (type[1] != '3')) { // check that type is correct
cout << "Error: type is " << type << "instead of P3" << endl;
return false;
}
int w = 0, h = 0;
fin >> w >> h;
if(w != width) { // check that width matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << width << ")does not match value in file ("
<< w << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
if(h != height) { // check that height matches what was passed into the function
cout << "Error: input width (" << height
<< ") does not match value in file (" << h << ")" << endl;
return false;
}
// get maximum value from preamble
int colorMax = 0;
fin >> colorMax;
if(colorMax > 255 || colorMax < 0) {
cout << "Error: invalid color value" << colorMax << endl;
return false;
}
// THIS IS WHAT I NEED HELP WITH
// I am not sure how this is supposed to work out
// extract rgb values and place into 2d arr
/* errors :(
int colors.r[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.b[][] = {0, 0, 0};
int colors.g[][] = {0, 0, 0};
*/
Pixel colors;
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
fin >> colors.r >> colors.g >> colors.b;
//cout << "(" << i << ", " << j << "): " << colors.r << " " << colors.g << " " << colors.b << endl;
//Column major - row index comes first.
image[j][i] = colors; //Copy RGB values into image
}
}
return true;
}
int main()
{
//img.ppm
//https://www.cs.swarthmore.edu/~soni/cs35/f12/Labs/extras/01/ppm_info.html
//P3
//5 4
//255
//0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 255 0 0 255
//0 0 0 0 255 175 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 255
//0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 175 0 0 0 0 0 255
//255 0 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 0 255
int width = 5; //Number of columns
int height = 4; //Number of rows
//Allocate memory
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Allocate array of 128 pointers (pointer to columns - since column major is required)
Pixel** image = new Pixel* [width];
//Allocate columns (each column is 96 pixels).
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
image[j] = new Pixel[height];
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
bool res = imageLoader("img.ppm", image, width, height);
if (!res) {
cout << "res = " << res << endl;
}
//Free memory
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Delete columns.
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
delete [] image[j];
}
//Delete image.
delete [] image;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
return 0;
}
结果（观看 window）：
- image[0],4 0x0000000000ba2f20 {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=255 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
- image[1],4 0x0000000000ba2fc0 {r=100 g=0 b=0 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=100 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=255 b=175 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
- image[2],4 0x0000000000ba7470 {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=15 b=175 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
- image[3],4 0x0000000000ba7510 {r=255 g=0 b=255 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=255 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=0 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=255 g=255 b=255 } Pixel
- image[4],4 0x0000000000ba75b0 {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel *
+ [0] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [1] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [2] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel
+ [3] {r=0 g=0 b=255 } Pixel