使用 SwiftUI 实现 PencilKit 撤消功能

Question

编辑：感谢一些反馈，我已经能够部分工作（更新代码以反映当前更改）。

即使该应用程序似乎按预期运行，我仍然收到 'Modifying state...' 警告。如何更新 updateUIView 中的视图绘图并使用 canvasViewDrawingDidChange 将新绘图推入堆栈而不导致此问题？我试过将它包装在调度调用中，但这只会创建一个无限循环。

我正在尝试在 UIViewRepresentable (PKCanvasView) 中实现撤消功能。我有一个名为 WriterView 的父 SwiftUI 视图，它包含两个按钮和 canvas。

这是父视图：

struct WriterView: View {
    @State var drawings: [PKDrawing] = [PKDrawing()]

    var body: some View {
        VStack(spacing: 10) {
            Button("Clear") {
                self.drawings = []
            }
            Button("Undo") {
                if !self.drawings.isEmpty {
                    self.drawings.removeLast()
                }
            }
            MyCanvas(drawings: $drawings)
        }
    }
}

下面是我如何实现我的 UIViewRepresentable:

struct MyCanvas: UIViewRepresentable {
    @Binding var drawings: [PKDrawing]

    func makeUIView(context: Context) -> PKCanvasView {
        let canvas = PKCanvasView()
        canvas.delegate = context.coordinator
        return canvas
    }

    func updateUIView(_ uiView: PKCanvasView, context: Context) {
        uiView.drawing = self.drawings.last ?? PKDrawing()
    }

    func makeCoordinator() -> Coordinator {
        Coordinator(self._drawings)
    }

    class Coordinator: NSObject, PKCanvasViewDelegate {
        @Binding drawings: [PKDrawing]

        init(_ drawings: Binding<[PKDrawing]>) {
            self._drawings = drawings
        }

        func canvasViewDrawingDidChange(_ canvasView: PKCanvasView) {
            drawings.append(canvasView.drawing)
        }
    }
}

我收到以下错误：

[SwiftUI] Modifying state during view update, this will cause undefined behavior.

大概是我的协调员的 did change 函数引起的，但我不确定如何解决这个问题。处理此问题的最佳方法是什么？

谢谢！

Answer 1

我认为错误可能来自私有函数 clearCanvas() 和私有函数 undoDrawing()。试试这个看看它是否有效：

private func clearCanvas() {
 DispatchQueue.main.async {
    self.drawings = [PKDrawing()]
 }
}

与 undoDrawing() 类似。

如果是来自canvasViewDrawingDidChange，做同样的事情。

Answer 2

我正在处理这个问题：

struct MyCanvas: UIViewRepresentable {
@Binding var drawings: [PKDrawing]

func makeUIView(context: Context) -> PKCanvasView {
    let canvas = PKCanvasView()
    canvas.delegate = context.coordinator
    return canvas
 }

func updateUIView(_ canvas: PKCanvasView, context: Context) { }

func makeCoordinator() -> Coordinator {
    Coordinator(self._drawings)
}

class Coordinator: NSObject, PKCanvasViewDelegate {
    @Binding var drawings: [PKDrawing]

    init(_ drawings: Binding<[PKDrawing]>) {
        self._drawings = drawings
    }

    func canvasViewDrawingDidChange(_ canvasView: PKCanvasView) {
        self.drawings.append(canvasView.drawing)
    }
}
}

Answer 3

我想我可以使用不同的方法在没有警告的情况下工作。

struct ContentView: View {

let pkCntrl = PKCanvasController()

var body: some View {
    VStack(spacing: 10) {
        Button("Clear") {
            self.pkCntrl.clear()
        }
        Spacer()
        Button("Undo") {
            self.pkCntrl.undoDrawing()
        }
        Spacer()
        MyCanvas(cntrl: pkCntrl)
    }
}

}

struct MyCanvas: UIViewRepresentable {
var cntrl: PKCanvasController

func makeUIView(context: Context) -> PKCanvasView {
    cntrl.canvas = PKCanvasView()
    cntrl.canvas.delegate = context.coordinator
    cntrl.canvas.becomeFirstResponder()
    return cntrl.canvas
}

func updateUIView(_ uiView: PKCanvasView, context: Context) { }

func makeCoordinator() -> Coordinator {
    Coordinator(self)
}

class Coordinator: NSObject, PKCanvasViewDelegate {
    var parent: MyCanvas

    init(_ uiView: MyCanvas) {
        self.parent = uiView
    }

    func canvasViewDrawingDidChange(_ canvasView: PKCanvasView) {
        if !self.parent.cntrl.didRemove {
            self.parent.cntrl.drawings.append(canvasView.drawing)
        }
    }
}
}

class PKCanvasController {
var canvas = PKCanvasView()
var drawings = [PKDrawing]()
var didRemove = false

func clear() {
    canvas.drawing = PKDrawing()
    drawings = [PKDrawing]()
}

func undoDrawing() {
    if !drawings.isEmpty {
        didRemove = true
        drawings.removeLast()
        canvas.drawing = drawings.last ?? PKDrawing()
        didRemove = false
    }
}
}

Answer 4

我终于（无意中）弄清楚了如何使用 UndoManager 执行此操作。我仍然不确定 为什么 这行得通，因为我从来不需要调用 self.undoManager?.registerUndo()。如果您理解为什么我从来不需要注册活动，请发表评论。

这是我的工作 parent 视图：

struct Writer: View {
    @Environment(\.undoManager) private var undoManager
    @State private var canvasView = PKCanvasView()
    
    var body: some View {
        VStack(spacing: 10) {
            Button("Clear") {
                canvasView.drawing = PKDrawing()
            }
            Button("Undo") {
                undoManager?.undo()
            }
            Button("Redo") {
                undoManager?.redo()
            }
            MyCanvas(canvasView: $canvasView)
        }
    }
}

这是我的工作 child 视图：

struct MyCanvas: UIViewRepresentable {
    @Binding var canvasView: PKCanvasView
    
    func makeUIView(context: Context) -> PKCanvasView {
        canvasView.drawingPolicy = .anyInput
        canvasView.tool = PKInkingTool(.pen, color: .black, width: 15)
        return canvasView
    }

    func updateUIView(_ canvasView: PKCanvasView, context: Context) { }
}

这确实更像是 SwiftUI 的预期方法，而且肯定比我之前所做的尝试更优雅。

Answer 5

只是为了完整性，如果你想显示 PKToolPicker，这是我的 UIViewRepresentable。

import Foundation
import SwiftUI
import PencilKit

struct PKCanvasSwiftUIView : UIViewRepresentable {

let canvasView = PKCanvasView()

#if !targetEnvironment(macCatalyst)
let coordinator = Coordinator()

class Coordinator: NSObject, PKToolPickerObserver {
    // initial values 
    var color = UIColor.black
    var thickness = CGFloat(30)

    func toolPickerSelectedToolDidChange(_ toolPicker: PKToolPicker) {
        if toolPicker.selectedTool is PKInkingTool {
            let tool = toolPicker.selectedTool as! PKInkingTool
            self.color = tool.color
            self.thickness = tool.width
        }
    }
    func toolPickerVisibilityDidChange(_ toolPicker: PKToolPicker) {
        if toolPicker.selectedTool is PKInkingTool {
            let tool = toolPicker.selectedTool as! PKInkingTool
            self.color = tool.color
            self.thickness = tool.width
        }
    }
}
func makeCoordinator() -> PKCanvasSwiftUIView.Coordinator {
    return Coordinator()
}
#endif

func makeUIView(context: Context) -> PKCanvasView {
    canvasView.isOpaque = false
    canvasView.backgroundColor = UIColor.clear
    canvasView.becomeFirstResponder()
    #if !targetEnvironment(macCatalyst)
    if let window = UIApplication.shared.windows.filter({[=10=].isKeyWindow}).first,
        let toolPicker = PKToolPicker.shared(for: window) {
        toolPicker.addObserver(canvasView)
        toolPicker.addObserver(coordinator)
        toolPicker.setVisible(true, forFirstResponder: canvasView)
    }
    #endif
    return canvasView
}

func updateUIView(_ uiView: PKCanvasView, context: Context) {

}
}

使用 SwiftUI 实现 PencilKit 撤消功能

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