UnitTesting Spring 引导中未解决的依赖关系

Question

我在尝试为 CircuitBreaker 代码示例编写单元测试时遇到以下错误。

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.foosball.team.Service.TeamServiceUnitTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'registry'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'io.github.resilience4j.circuitbreaker.CircuitBreakerRegistry' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

团队服务：

@Service
public class TeamService {

    @Autowired
    private ITeamRepository teamRepository;

    @Autowired
    private PlayerClient playerClient;

    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TeamService.class);
    .
    .
    .

团队服务单元测试：

@SpringBootTest(classes = {
        TeamService.class
})
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DirtiesContext
public class TeamServiceUnitTest extends AbstractCircuitBreakerTest {

    @MockBean
    private ITeamRepository teamRepository;

    @MockBean
    private PlayerClient playerClient;

    @Autowired
    private TeamService service;

    private TeamEntity teamEntity;

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TeamServiceUnitTest.class);

    @Before
    public void setUp(){
        teamEntity = new TeamEntity();
        teamEntity.setId(1L);
        teamEntity.setPlayerOne("One");
        teamEntity.setPlayerTwo("Two");
        teamEntity.setPlayerThree("Three");
        teamEntity.setPlayerFour("Four");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("when Player Client Fails 11 Times Then CircuitBreaker Should Be In OPEN State")
    public void whenPlayerClientFailsElevenTimesThenCircuitBreakerShouldBeInOPENState(){
        //Given
        when(teamRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(new ArrayList<>());
        when(playerClient.get(Mockito.anyString())).thenThrow(new RuntimeException());


        //When
        for(int i=0; i<11; i++){
            try {
                service.addTeam(teamEntity);
            } catch (Exception ignore) {
                logger.info(ignore.getClass().getName());
            }
        }

        //Then
        checkHealthStatus(BACKEND_B, CircuitBreaker.State.OPEN);
    }

}

参考 Class:

public class AbstractCircuitBreakerTest {

    protected static final String BACKEND_A = "backendA";
    protected static final String BACKEND_B = "playerClientCircuitBreaker";

    @Autowired
    protected CircuitBreakerRegistry registry;

    @Before
    public void setup(){
        transitionToClosedState(BACKEND_A);
        transitionToClosedState(BACKEND_B);
    }

    protected void checkHealthStatus(String circuitBreakerName, CircuitBreaker.State state) {
        CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker(circuitBreakerName);
        assertThat(circuitBreaker.getState()).isEqualTo(state);
    }

    protected void transitionToOpenState(String circuitBreakerName) {
        CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker(circuitBreakerName);
        if(!circuitBreaker.getState().equals(CircuitBreaker.State.OPEN)){
            circuitBreaker.transitionToOpenState();
        }
    }

    protected void transitionToClosedState(String circuitBreakerName) {
        CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker(circuitBreakerName);
        if(!circuitBreaker.getState().equals(CircuitBreaker.State.CLOSED)){
            circuitBreaker.transitionToClosedState();
        }
    }
}

参考项目：https://github.com/resilience4j/resilience4j-spring-boot2-demo

提议的 Soln 讨论：https://github.com/resilience4j/resilience4j-spring-boot2-demo/issues/33

拟议的 Soln 项目：https://github.com/shah-smit/resilience4j-spring-boot2-demo-maven

Answer 1

看起来您在测试中尝试自动装配的 CircuitBreakerRegistry 是一个工厂 class，而不是一个 bean。代替 @Autowired protected CircuitBreakerRegistry registry;
尝试： protected CircuitBreakerRegistry registry = CircuitBreakerRegistry.ofDefaults()

Answer 2

这里是关于不工作测试的回答。
这里有一些东西：
1. 使用 CircuitBreakerRegistry.ofDefaults() 每次都会创建对象的新实例，因此您在 AbstractCircuitBreakerTest 和 HomeService 中使用的 CircuitBreakerRegistry 对象是不同的实例。您可能应该回到 @Autowired 注释，但首先您需要像这样定义 CircuitBreakerRegistry 的 bean：

public class CircuitBreakerConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public CircuitBreakerRegistry circuitBreakerRegistry() {
        return CircuitBreakerRegistry.ofDefaults();
    }
}

您正在使用 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 但它只是 Junit 注释，它不会在您的测试中初始化 Spring 上下文。您正在测试中自动装配一个 bean，因此您需要 Spring 上下文。为此还添加 @SpringBootTest 注释。
您希望注册表 BACKEND_A 状态在调用 service.getGreeting() 方法 11 次后更改为 OPEN，但我看不到 transitionToOpenState 方法的任何用法。

UnitTesting Spring 引导中未解决的依赖关系

Unresolved dependency in UnitTesting Spring Boot

java

spring

spring-boot

resilience4j