PowerShell 在多个提示功能和范围界定之间切换
PowerShell switch between multiple prompt functions and scoping
我发现了以下我不理解的行为。我的 $profile 中有一些函数（具体来说，这会改变我的 prompt，所以 function prmopt { }）的设置会改变我的提示，当我启动控制台时，如果我 dotsource 函数（ . PromptCustom )，它会完全生效，新提示将接管。但是，我不希望我的 $profile 太大，所以我将我的五个左右不同的提示移到了一个模块中，但是当我尝试 dotsource 中的任何一个时，没有任何反应。他们只是输出提示可能的样子，但 not 接管为默认 prompt.
objective 是为了能够有多个功能，可以根据需要在提示之间切换（即不是一个适用于每个控制台的提示，为此我只是将 function prompt 放在我的$profile)。当我将遵循以下模板的函数移动到一个模块时，它们都会中断，所以我想知道这是否是一个范围问题，以及如何实现在一个模块中拥有多个提示函数的目标，我可以在它们之间切换而不是被被迫将它们保留在我的 $profile 中？ （编辑：按照@mklement0 指出的那样更新这个问题，因为它实际上是关于必需的 objective 即提示我可以在两者之间切换）。
这是我的提示函数之一，它点源并接管默认提示 完美 如果此函数已在我的 $profile 中定义，但如果它是则不执行任何操作放入模块：
function PromptShortenPath {
#
function shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)','$1')
}
function prompt {
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
write-host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
write-host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
write-host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
write-host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
write-host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -eq "PromptShortenPath") {
"`nWarning: Must dotsource '$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)' or it will not be applied to this session.`n`n . $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)`n"
} else {
. prompt
}
}
如果删除外部函数并在模块路径中以相同名称的文件夹中另存为 modulename.psm1：
Function shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)','$1')
}
Function prompt {
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
write-host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
write-host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
write-host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
write-host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
write-host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
现在只需：
Import-Module modulename
请注意，新提示现在在导入函数后生效
提供了在导入时激活 prompt 功能 的有效解决方案。
你问题中激活函数 按需 的方法，通过稍后点源 prompt 函数 嵌套的函数，如果该函数是从 模块 导入的，则根本无法 如所写 工作，如下所述； 解决方案见底部。
至于你试过的：
. prompt
这不是函数 prompt 的 定义 的点源，它 运行 源范围内的函数.
- 实际上，它（毫无意义地）打印（一次，作为输出）提示字符串应该是什么，并使函数局部变量停留在调用者的范围内。
因此，通过嵌套prompt函数定义在PromptShortenPath函数内部，点源that在调用者的范围内自动定义 prompt 函数 ，以及 shorten-path 函数 [1]
如果您的 PromptShortenPath 函数是在模块外 定义的 ，点源意味着 源 作用域是（非模块）调用者的当前作用域，它定义了那里的嵌套函数，并且随着新的prompt函数的出现，交互式提示字符串按预期更改。
相比之下，如果您的 PromptShortenPath 函数定义在 模块内部 ，点源表示源范围是 源模块，这意味着调用者的当前范围未受影响，永远不会看到嵌套的shorten-path 和 prompt 函数 - 因此，交互式提示字符串 不会 改变。
- 这值得重复：点源 function（与 script 相对）在来源域而不是调用者的当前范围；也就是说，点源模块中的函数总是在 该模块的 当前作用域中运行它，这与 调用者的 作用域不同且无关（除非调用者恰好是同一模块内的顶级作用域）。
相比之下，怀疑论者的解决方案通过使 shorten-path 和 prompt 函数成为模块的 顶级 函数，隐式（导出和）导入它们两者都使用 Import-Module 进入调用者的范围，并且调用者范围中新 prompt 函数的出现再次改变了交互式提示字符串，尽管 在导入时 .
也适用于模块的替代方法：
最简单的解决方案是使用范围说明符 global: 定义嵌套函数，它直接在全局范围内定义它，而不考虑包含定义的范围。
作为一个有益的副作用，您不再需要在调用时点源提示激活函数。
注意下面的解决方案在global:prompt函数中嵌入了辅助函数shorten-path以确保其对后者的可用性；另一种方法是也将 shorten-path 定义为 global:shorten-path，但是没有必要用辅助函数来混淆全局范围，尤其是考虑到可能会发生名称冲突。
# Use a dynamic module to simulate importing the `Set-Prompt` function
# from a (regular, persisted) module.
$null = New-Module {
function Set-Prompt {
# Note the `global:` prefix.
Function global:prompt {
# Note the *embedded* definition of helper function shorten-path,
# which makes it available to the enclosing function only and avoids
# the need to make the helper function global too.
Function shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)', '$1')
}
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
Write-Host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
Write-Host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
Write-Host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
Write-Host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
Write-Host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
}
}
# Now that Set-Prompt is imported, invoke it as you would
# any function, and the embedded `prompt` function will take effect.
Set-Prompt
[1] 请注意，虽然 shorten-path 原则上遵循 PowerShell 的名词-动词命名约定，但 shorten 不在 approved verbs 的列表中。
我最终得出以下解决方案。感谢您帮助解决这个@mklement / @Scepticalist。最后，我真的只需要 global: 调用。我不想要一个动态函数（虽然看起来很有趣，但可能会有用）并且我不希望在导入模块时激活提示（这显然是我实际上想要避免的！）。
所有这些现在都可以通过放入任何个人模块来实现。导入模块 不会 激活提示（这是我想要的结果）。然后，只需调用设置该提示（或其别名）的函数，即可按需激活每个提示。
编辑： 请随时添加更多提示功能来做有趣的事情。我总是很想看到更多有用的提示配置技巧和变体！ :)
function PromptDefault {
# get-help about_Prompt
# https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_prompts?view=powershell-7
function global:prompt {
"PS $($executionContext.SessionState.Path.CurrentLocation)$('>' * ($nestedPromptLevel + 1)) ";
# .Link
# https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=225750
# .ExternalHelp System.Management.Automation.dll-help.xml
$Elevated = ""
$user = [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent();
if ((New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal $user).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltinRole]::Administrator)) {$Elevated = "Administrator: "}
# $TitleVer = "PS v$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.major).$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.minor)"
$TitleVer = "PowerShell"
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$($Elevated)$($TitleVer)"
}
}
# More simple alternative prompt, need to dotsource this
function PromptTimeUptime {
function global:prompt {
# Adds date/time to prompt and uptime to title bar
$Elevated = "" ; if (Test-Admin) {$Elevated = "Administrator: "}
$up = Uptime
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = $Elevated + "PowerShell [Uptime: $up]" # Title bar info
$path = Get-Location
Write-Host '[' -NoNewline
Write-Host (Get-Date -UFormat '%T') -ForegroundColor Green -NoNewline # $TitleDate = Get-Date -format "dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss"
Write-Host '] ' -NoNewline
Write-Host "$path" -NoNewline
return "> " # Must have a line like this at end of prompt or you always get " PS>" on the prompt
}
}
function PromptTruncatedPaths {
# https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2008/05/12/customizing-the-powershell-command-prompt/
function global:prompt {
$cwd = (get-location).Path
[array]$cwdt=$()
$cwdi = -1
do {$cwdi = $cwd.indexofany("\", $cwdi+1) ; [array]$cwdt+=$cwdi} until($cwdi -eq -1)
if ($cwdt.count -gt 3) { $cwd = $cwd.substring(0,$cwdt[0]) + ".." + $cwd.substring($cwdt[$cwdt.count-3]) }
$host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$(hostname) – $env:USERDNSDOMAIN$($env:username)"
$host.UI.Write("Yellow", $host.UI.RawUI.BackGroundColor, "[PS]")
" $cwd> "
}
}
function PromptShortenPath {
#
function global:shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)','$1')
}
function global:prompt {
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
write-host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
write-host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
write-host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
write-host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
write-host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
}
function PromptUserAndExecutionTimer {
function global:prompt {
### Title bar info
$user = [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent();
$Elevated = ""
if ((New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal $user).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltinRole]::Administrator)) {$Elevated = "Admin: "}
$TitleVer = "PS v$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.major).$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.minor)"
# $($executionContext.SessionState.Path.CurrentLocation.path)
### Custom Uptime without seconds (not really necessary)
# $wmi = gwmi -class Win32_OperatingSystem -computer "."
# $LBTime = $wmi.ConvertToDateTime($wmi.Lastbootuptime)
# [TimeSpan]$uptime = New-TimeSpan $LBTime $(get-date)
# $s = "" ; if ($uptime.Days -ne 1) {$s = "s"}
# $TitleUp = "[Up: $($uptime.days) day$s $($uptime.hours) hr $($uptime.minutes) min]"
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$($Elevated) $($TitleVer)" # $($TitleUp)"
### History ID
$HistoryId = $MyInvocation.HistoryId
# Uncomment below for leading zeros
# $HistoryId = '{0:d4}' -f $MyInvocation.HistoryId
Write-Host -Object "$HistoryId " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Cyan
### Time calculation
$Success = $?
$LastExecutionTimeSpan = if (@(Get-History).Count -gt 0) {
Get-History | Select-Object -Last 1 | ForEach-Object {
New-TimeSpan -Start $_.StartExecutionTime -End $_.EndExecutionTime
}
}
else {
New-TimeSpan
}
$LastExecutionShortTime = if ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Days -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Days + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Hours / 24, 2)) d"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Hours -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Hours + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Minutes / 60, 2)) h"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Minutes -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Minutes + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Seconds / 60, 2)) m"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Seconds -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Seconds + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Milliseconds / 1000, 1)) s"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Milliseconds -gt 0) {
"$([Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.TotalMilliseconds, 0)) ms"
# ms are 1/1000 of a sec so no point in extra decimal places here
}
else {
"0 s"
}
if ($Success) {
Write-Host -Object "[$LastExecutionShortTime] " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
}
else {
Write-Host -Object "! [$LastExecutionShortTime] " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red
}
### User, removed
$IsAdmin = (New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal ([Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent())).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltinRole]::Administrator)
# Write-Host -Object "$($env:USERNAME)$(if ($IsAdmin){ '[A]' } else { '[U]' }) " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor DarkGreen
# Write-Host -Object "$($env:USERNAME)" -NoNewline -ForegroundColor DarkGreen
# Write-Host -Object " [" -NoNewline
# if ($IsAdmin) { Write-Host -Object 'A' -NoNewline -F Red } else { Write-Host -Object 'U' -NoNewline }
# Write-Host -Object "] " -NoNewline
Write-Host "$($env:USERNAME)" -NoNewline -ForegroundColor DarkGreen
Write-Host "[" -NoNewline
if ($IsAdmin) { Write-Host 'A' -NoNewline -F Red } else { Write-Host -Object 'U' -NoNewline }
Write-Host "] " -NoNewline
# ### Path
# $Drive = $pwd.Drive.Name
# $Pwds = $pwd -split "\" | Where-Object { -Not [String]::IsNullOrEmpty($_) }
# $PwdPath = if ($Pwds.Count -gt 3) {
# $ParentFolder = Split-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $pwd -Parent) -Leaf
# $CurrentFolder = Split-Path -Path $pwd -Leaf
# "..$ParentFolder$CurrentFolder"
# go # }
# elseif ($Pwds.Count -eq 3) {
# $ParentFolder = Split-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $pwd -Parent) -Leaf
# $CurrentFolder = Split-Path -Path $pwd -Leaf
# "$ParentFolder$CurrentFolder"
# }
# elseif ($Pwds.Count -eq 2) {
# Split-Path -Path $pwd -Leaf
# }
# else { "" }
# Write-Host -Object "$Drive`:$PwdPath" -NoNewline
Write-Host $pwd -NoNewline
return "> "
}
}
function PromptSlightlyBroken {
# https://community.spiceworks.com/topic/1965997-custom-cmd-powershell-prompt
# if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -eq "PromptOverTheTop") {
# "`nWarning: Must dotsource '$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)' or it will not be applied to this session.`n`n . $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)`n"
# } else {
if ($host.name -eq 'ConsoleHost') {
# fff
$Shell = $Host.UI.RawUI
$Shell.BackgroundColor = "Black"
$Shell.ForegroundColor = "White"
$Shell.CursorSize = 10
}
# $Shell=$Host.UI.RawUI
# $size=$Shell.BufferSize
# $size.width=120
# $size.height=3000
# $Shell.BufferSize=$size
# $size=$Shell.WindowSize
# $size.width=120
# $size.height=30
# $Shell.WindowSize=$size
# $Shell.BackgroundColor="Black"
# $Shell.ForegroundColor="White"
# $Shell.CursorSize=10
# $Shell.WindowTitle="Console PowerShell"
function global:Get-Uptime {
$os = Get-WmiObject win32_operatingsystem
$uptime = (Get-Date) - ($os.ConvertToDateTime($os.lastbootuptime))
$days = $Uptime.Days ; if ($days -eq "1") { $days = "$days day" } else { $days = "$days days"}
$hours = $Uptime.Hours ; if ($hours -eq "1") { $hours = "$hours hr" } else { $hours = "$hours hrs"}
$minutes = $Uptime.Minutes ; if ($minutes -eq "1") { $minutes = "$minutes min" } else { $minutes = "$minutes mins"}
$Display = "$days, $hours, $minutes"
Write-Output $Display
}
function Spaces ($numspaces) { for ($i = 0; $i -lt $numspaces; $i++) { Write-Host " " -NoNewline } }
# $MaximumHistoryCount=1024
$IPAddress = @(Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | Where-Object {$_.DefaultIpGateway})[0].IPAddress[0]
$IPGateway = @(Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | Where-Object {$_.DefaultIpGateway})[0].DefaultIPGateway[0]
$UserDetails = "$env:UserDomain$env:UserName (PS-HOME: $HOME)"
$PSExecPolicy = Get-ExecutionPolicy
$PSVersion = "$($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major).$($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Minor) ($PSExecPolicy)"
$ComputerAndLogon = "$($env:COMPUTERNAME)"
$ComputerAndLogonSpaces = 28 - $ComputerAndLogon.Length
Clear
Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "| ComputerName: " -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $ComputerAndLogon -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Spaces $ComputerAndLogonSpaces ; Write-Host "UserName:" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green ; Write-Host " $UserDetails" -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host "| Logon Server: " -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $($env:LOGONSERVER)"`t`t`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Write-Host "IP Address:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green ; Write-Host "`t$IPAddress ($IPGateway)" -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host "| Uptime: " -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "$(Get-Uptime)`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White; Write-Host "PS Version:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green ; Write-Host "`t$PSVersion" -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
# Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
# Write-Host "|`tComputerName:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $($env:COMPUTERNAME)"`t`t`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Write-Host "UserName:`t$UserDetails" -ForegroundColor White
# Write-Host "|`tLogon Server:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $($env:LOGONSERVER)"`t`t`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Write-Host "IP Address:`t$IPAddress ($IPGateway)" -ForegroundColor White
# Write-Host "|`tUptime:`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "$(Get-Uptime)`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White; Write-Host "PS Version:`t$PSVersion" -ForegroundColor White
# Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
function global:admin {
$Elevated = ""
$currentPrincipal = New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal( [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent() )
if ($currentPrincipal.IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator) -eq $true) { $Elevated = "Administrator: " }
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$Elevated$TitleVer"
}
admin
Set-Location C:\
function global:prompt{
$br = "`n"
Write-Host "[" -noNewLine
Write-Host $(Get-date) -ForegroundColor Green -noNewLine
Write-Host "] " -noNewLine
Write-Host "[" -noNewLine
Write-Host "$env:username" -Foregroundcolor Red -noNewLine
Write-Host "] " -noNewLine
Write-Host "[" -noNewLine
Write-Host $($(Get-Location).Path.replace($home,"~")) -ForegroundColor Yellow -noNewLine
Write-Host $(if ($nestedpromptlevel -ge 1) { '>>' }) -noNewLine
Write-Host "] "
return "> "
}
}
Set-Alias p0 PromptDefault
Set-Alias p-default PromptDefault
Set-Alias p-timer PromptUserAndExecutionTimer # Using this as my console default
Set-Alias p-short PromptShortenPath
Set-Alias p-trunc PromptTruncatedPaths
Set-Alias p-uptime PromptTimeUptime
Set-Alias p-broken PromptSlightlyBroken
# View current prompt with: (get-item function:prompt).scriptblock or cat function:\prompt
我发现了以下我不理解的行为。我的 $profile 中有一些函数（具体来说，这会改变我的 prompt，所以 function prmopt { }）的设置会改变我的提示，当我启动控制台时，如果我 dotsource 函数（ . PromptCustom )，它会完全生效，新提示将接管。但是，我不希望我的 $profile 太大，所以我将我的五个左右不同的提示移到了一个模块中，但是当我尝试 dotsource 中的任何一个时，没有任何反应。他们只是输出提示可能的样子，但 not 接管为默认 prompt.
objective 是为了能够有多个功能，可以根据需要在提示之间切换（即不是一个适用于每个控制台的提示，为此我只是将 function prompt 放在我的$profile)。当我将遵循以下模板的函数移动到一个模块时，它们都会中断，所以我想知道这是否是一个范围问题，以及如何实现在一个模块中拥有多个提示函数的目标，我可以在它们之间切换而不是被被迫将它们保留在我的 $profile 中？ （编辑：按照@mklement0 指出的那样更新这个问题，因为它实际上是关于必需的 objective 即提示我可以在两者之间切换）。
这是我的提示函数之一，它点源并接管默认提示 完美 如果此函数已在我的 $profile 中定义，但如果它是则不执行任何操作放入模块：
function PromptShortenPath {
#
function shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)','$1')
}
function prompt {
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
write-host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
write-host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
write-host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
write-host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
write-host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -eq "PromptShortenPath") {
"`nWarning: Must dotsource '$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)' or it will not be applied to this session.`n`n . $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)`n"
} else {
. prompt
}
}
如果删除外部函数并在模块路径中以相同名称的文件夹中另存为 modulename.psm1：
Function shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)','$1')
}
Function prompt {
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
write-host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
write-host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
write-host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
write-host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
write-host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
现在只需：
Import-Module modulename
请注意，新提示现在在导入函数后生效
prompt 功能 的有效解决方案。
你问题中激活函数 按需 的方法，通过稍后点源 prompt 函数 嵌套的函数，如果该函数是从 模块 导入的，则根本无法 如所写 工作，如下所述； 解决方案见底部。
至于你试过的：
. prompt
这不是函数 prompt 的 定义 的点源，它 运行 源范围内的函数.
- 实际上，它（毫无意义地）打印（一次，作为输出）提示字符串应该是什么，并使函数局部变量停留在调用者的范围内。
因此，通过嵌套prompt函数定义在PromptShortenPath函数内部，点源that在调用者的范围内自动定义 prompt 函数 ，以及 shorten-path 函数 [1]
如果您的
PromptShortenPath函数是在模块外 定义的 ，点源意味着 源 作用域是（非模块）调用者的当前作用域，它定义了那里的嵌套函数，并且随着新的prompt函数的出现，交互式提示字符串按预期更改。相比之下，如果您的
PromptShortenPath函数定义在 模块内部 ，点源表示源范围是 源模块，这意味着调用者的当前范围未受影响，永远不会看到嵌套的shorten-path和prompt函数 - 因此，交互式提示字符串 不会 改变。- 这值得重复：点源 function（与 script 相对）在来源域而不是调用者的当前范围；也就是说，点源模块中的函数总是在 该模块的 当前作用域中运行它，这与 调用者的 作用域不同且无关（除非调用者恰好是同一模块内的顶级作用域）。
相比之下，怀疑论者的解决方案通过使 shorten-path 和 prompt 函数成为模块的 顶级 函数，隐式（导出和）导入它们两者都使用 Import-Module 进入调用者的范围，并且调用者范围中新 prompt 函数的出现再次改变了交互式提示字符串，尽管 在导入时 .
也适用于模块的替代方法：
最简单的解决方案是使用范围说明符 global: 定义嵌套函数，它直接在全局范围内定义它，而不考虑包含定义的范围。
作为一个有益的副作用，您不再需要在调用时点源提示激活函数。
注意下面的解决方案在global:prompt函数中嵌入了辅助函数shorten-path以确保其对后者的可用性；另一种方法是也将 shorten-path 定义为 global:shorten-path，但是没有必要用辅助函数来混淆全局范围，尤其是考虑到可能会发生名称冲突。
# Use a dynamic module to simulate importing the `Set-Prompt` function
# from a (regular, persisted) module.
$null = New-Module {
function Set-Prompt {
# Note the `global:` prefix.
Function global:prompt {
# Note the *embedded* definition of helper function shorten-path,
# which makes it available to the enclosing function only and avoids
# the need to make the helper function global too.
Function shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)', '$1')
}
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
Write-Host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
Write-Host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
Write-Host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
Write-Host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
Write-Host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
}
}
# Now that Set-Prompt is imported, invoke it as you would
# any function, and the embedded `prompt` function will take effect.
Set-Prompt
[1] 请注意，虽然 shorten-path 原则上遵循 PowerShell 的名词-动词命名约定，但 shorten 不在 approved verbs 的列表中。
我最终得出以下解决方案。感谢您帮助解决这个@mklement / @Scepticalist。最后，我真的只需要 global: 调用。我不想要一个动态函数（虽然看起来很有趣，但可能会有用）并且我不希望在导入模块时激活提示（这显然是我实际上想要避免的！）。
所有这些现在都可以通过放入任何个人模块来实现。导入模块 不会 激活提示（这是我想要的结果）。然后，只需调用设置该提示（或其别名）的函数，即可按需激活每个提示。
编辑： 请随时添加更多提示功能来做有趣的事情。我总是很想看到更多有用的提示配置技巧和变体！ :)
function PromptDefault {
# get-help about_Prompt
# https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_prompts?view=powershell-7
function global:prompt {
"PS $($executionContext.SessionState.Path.CurrentLocation)$('>' * ($nestedPromptLevel + 1)) ";
# .Link
# https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=225750
# .ExternalHelp System.Management.Automation.dll-help.xml
$Elevated = ""
$user = [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent();
if ((New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal $user).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltinRole]::Administrator)) {$Elevated = "Administrator: "}
# $TitleVer = "PS v$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.major).$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.minor)"
$TitleVer = "PowerShell"
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$($Elevated)$($TitleVer)"
}
}
# More simple alternative prompt, need to dotsource this
function PromptTimeUptime {
function global:prompt {
# Adds date/time to prompt and uptime to title bar
$Elevated = "" ; if (Test-Admin) {$Elevated = "Administrator: "}
$up = Uptime
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = $Elevated + "PowerShell [Uptime: $up]" # Title bar info
$path = Get-Location
Write-Host '[' -NoNewline
Write-Host (Get-Date -UFormat '%T') -ForegroundColor Green -NoNewline # $TitleDate = Get-Date -format "dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss"
Write-Host '] ' -NoNewline
Write-Host "$path" -NoNewline
return "> " # Must have a line like this at end of prompt or you always get " PS>" on the prompt
}
}
function PromptTruncatedPaths {
# https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2008/05/12/customizing-the-powershell-command-prompt/
function global:prompt {
$cwd = (get-location).Path
[array]$cwdt=$()
$cwdi = -1
do {$cwdi = $cwd.indexofany("\", $cwdi+1) ; [array]$cwdt+=$cwdi} until($cwdi -eq -1)
if ($cwdt.count -gt 3) { $cwd = $cwd.substring(0,$cwdt[0]) + ".." + $cwd.substring($cwdt[$cwdt.count-3]) }
$host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$(hostname) – $env:USERDNSDOMAIN$($env:username)"
$host.UI.Write("Yellow", $host.UI.RawUI.BackGroundColor, "[PS]")
" $cwd> "
}
}
function PromptShortenPath {
#
function global:shorten-path([string] $path) {
$loc = $path.Replace($HOME, '~')
# remove prefix for UNC paths
$loc = $loc -replace '^[^:]+::', ''
# make path shorter like tabs in Vim,
# handle paths starting with \ and . correctly
return ($loc -replace '\(\.?)([^\])[^\]*(?=\)','$1')
}
function global:prompt {
# our theme
$cdelim = [ConsoleColor]::DarkCyan
$chost = [ConsoleColor]::Green
$cloc = [ConsoleColor]::Cyan
write-host "$([char]0x0A7) " -n -f $cloc
write-host ([net.dns]::GetHostName()) -n -f $chost
write-host ' {' -n -f $cdelim
write-host (shorten-path (pwd).Path) -n -f $cloc
write-host '}' -n -f $cdelim
return ' '
}
}
function PromptUserAndExecutionTimer {
function global:prompt {
### Title bar info
$user = [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent();
$Elevated = ""
if ((New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal $user).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltinRole]::Administrator)) {$Elevated = "Admin: "}
$TitleVer = "PS v$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.major).$($PSVersionTable.PSversion.minor)"
# $($executionContext.SessionState.Path.CurrentLocation.path)
### Custom Uptime without seconds (not really necessary)
# $wmi = gwmi -class Win32_OperatingSystem -computer "."
# $LBTime = $wmi.ConvertToDateTime($wmi.Lastbootuptime)
# [TimeSpan]$uptime = New-TimeSpan $LBTime $(get-date)
# $s = "" ; if ($uptime.Days -ne 1) {$s = "s"}
# $TitleUp = "[Up: $($uptime.days) day$s $($uptime.hours) hr $($uptime.minutes) min]"
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$($Elevated) $($TitleVer)" # $($TitleUp)"
### History ID
$HistoryId = $MyInvocation.HistoryId
# Uncomment below for leading zeros
# $HistoryId = '{0:d4}' -f $MyInvocation.HistoryId
Write-Host -Object "$HistoryId " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Cyan
### Time calculation
$Success = $?
$LastExecutionTimeSpan = if (@(Get-History).Count -gt 0) {
Get-History | Select-Object -Last 1 | ForEach-Object {
New-TimeSpan -Start $_.StartExecutionTime -End $_.EndExecutionTime
}
}
else {
New-TimeSpan
}
$LastExecutionShortTime = if ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Days -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Days + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Hours / 24, 2)) d"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Hours -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Hours + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Minutes / 60, 2)) h"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Minutes -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Minutes + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Seconds / 60, 2)) m"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Seconds -gt 0) {
"$($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Seconds + [Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Milliseconds / 1000, 1)) s"
}
elseif ($LastExecutionTimeSpan.Milliseconds -gt 0) {
"$([Math]::Round($LastExecutionTimeSpan.TotalMilliseconds, 0)) ms"
# ms are 1/1000 of a sec so no point in extra decimal places here
}
else {
"0 s"
}
if ($Success) {
Write-Host -Object "[$LastExecutionShortTime] " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green
}
else {
Write-Host -Object "! [$LastExecutionShortTime] " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Red
}
### User, removed
$IsAdmin = (New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal ([Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent())).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltinRole]::Administrator)
# Write-Host -Object "$($env:USERNAME)$(if ($IsAdmin){ '[A]' } else { '[U]' }) " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor DarkGreen
# Write-Host -Object "$($env:USERNAME)" -NoNewline -ForegroundColor DarkGreen
# Write-Host -Object " [" -NoNewline
# if ($IsAdmin) { Write-Host -Object 'A' -NoNewline -F Red } else { Write-Host -Object 'U' -NoNewline }
# Write-Host -Object "] " -NoNewline
Write-Host "$($env:USERNAME)" -NoNewline -ForegroundColor DarkGreen
Write-Host "[" -NoNewline
if ($IsAdmin) { Write-Host 'A' -NoNewline -F Red } else { Write-Host -Object 'U' -NoNewline }
Write-Host "] " -NoNewline
# ### Path
# $Drive = $pwd.Drive.Name
# $Pwds = $pwd -split "\" | Where-Object { -Not [String]::IsNullOrEmpty($_) }
# $PwdPath = if ($Pwds.Count -gt 3) {
# $ParentFolder = Split-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $pwd -Parent) -Leaf
# $CurrentFolder = Split-Path -Path $pwd -Leaf
# "..$ParentFolder$CurrentFolder"
# go # }
# elseif ($Pwds.Count -eq 3) {
# $ParentFolder = Split-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $pwd -Parent) -Leaf
# $CurrentFolder = Split-Path -Path $pwd -Leaf
# "$ParentFolder$CurrentFolder"
# }
# elseif ($Pwds.Count -eq 2) {
# Split-Path -Path $pwd -Leaf
# }
# else { "" }
# Write-Host -Object "$Drive`:$PwdPath" -NoNewline
Write-Host $pwd -NoNewline
return "> "
}
}
function PromptSlightlyBroken {
# https://community.spiceworks.com/topic/1965997-custom-cmd-powershell-prompt
# if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -eq "PromptOverTheTop") {
# "`nWarning: Must dotsource '$($MyInvocation.MyCommand)' or it will not be applied to this session.`n`n . $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)`n"
# } else {
if ($host.name -eq 'ConsoleHost') {
# fff
$Shell = $Host.UI.RawUI
$Shell.BackgroundColor = "Black"
$Shell.ForegroundColor = "White"
$Shell.CursorSize = 10
}
# $Shell=$Host.UI.RawUI
# $size=$Shell.BufferSize
# $size.width=120
# $size.height=3000
# $Shell.BufferSize=$size
# $size=$Shell.WindowSize
# $size.width=120
# $size.height=30
# $Shell.WindowSize=$size
# $Shell.BackgroundColor="Black"
# $Shell.ForegroundColor="White"
# $Shell.CursorSize=10
# $Shell.WindowTitle="Console PowerShell"
function global:Get-Uptime {
$os = Get-WmiObject win32_operatingsystem
$uptime = (Get-Date) - ($os.ConvertToDateTime($os.lastbootuptime))
$days = $Uptime.Days ; if ($days -eq "1") { $days = "$days day" } else { $days = "$days days"}
$hours = $Uptime.Hours ; if ($hours -eq "1") { $hours = "$hours hr" } else { $hours = "$hours hrs"}
$minutes = $Uptime.Minutes ; if ($minutes -eq "1") { $minutes = "$minutes min" } else { $minutes = "$minutes mins"}
$Display = "$days, $hours, $minutes"
Write-Output $Display
}
function Spaces ($numspaces) { for ($i = 0; $i -lt $numspaces; $i++) { Write-Host " " -NoNewline } }
# $MaximumHistoryCount=1024
$IPAddress = @(Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | Where-Object {$_.DefaultIpGateway})[0].IPAddress[0]
$IPGateway = @(Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | Where-Object {$_.DefaultIpGateway})[0].DefaultIPGateway[0]
$UserDetails = "$env:UserDomain$env:UserName (PS-HOME: $HOME)"
$PSExecPolicy = Get-ExecutionPolicy
$PSVersion = "$($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major).$($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Minor) ($PSExecPolicy)"
$ComputerAndLogon = "$($env:COMPUTERNAME)"
$ComputerAndLogonSpaces = 28 - $ComputerAndLogon.Length
Clear
Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "| ComputerName: " -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $ComputerAndLogon -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Spaces $ComputerAndLogonSpaces ; Write-Host "UserName:" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green ; Write-Host " $UserDetails" -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host "| Logon Server: " -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $($env:LOGONSERVER)"`t`t`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Write-Host "IP Address:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green ; Write-Host "`t$IPAddress ($IPGateway)" -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host "| Uptime: " -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "$(Get-Uptime)`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White; Write-Host "PS Version:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green ; Write-Host "`t$PSVersion" -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
# Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
# Write-Host "|`tComputerName:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $($env:COMPUTERNAME)"`t`t`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Write-Host "UserName:`t$UserDetails" -ForegroundColor White
# Write-Host "|`tLogon Server:`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host $($env:LOGONSERVER)"`t`t`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White ; Write-Host "IP Address:`t$IPAddress ($IPGateway)" -ForegroundColor White
# Write-Host "|`tUptime:`t`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "$(Get-Uptime)`t" -nonewline -ForegroundColor White; Write-Host "PS Version:`t$PSVersion" -ForegroundColor White
# Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" -ForegroundColor Green
function global:admin {
$Elevated = ""
$currentPrincipal = New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal( [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent() )
if ($currentPrincipal.IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator) -eq $true) { $Elevated = "Administrator: " }
$Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$Elevated$TitleVer"
}
admin
Set-Location C:\
function global:prompt{
$br = "`n"
Write-Host "[" -noNewLine
Write-Host $(Get-date) -ForegroundColor Green -noNewLine
Write-Host "] " -noNewLine
Write-Host "[" -noNewLine
Write-Host "$env:username" -Foregroundcolor Red -noNewLine
Write-Host "] " -noNewLine
Write-Host "[" -noNewLine
Write-Host $($(Get-Location).Path.replace($home,"~")) -ForegroundColor Yellow -noNewLine
Write-Host $(if ($nestedpromptlevel -ge 1) { '>>' }) -noNewLine
Write-Host "] "
return "> "
}
}
Set-Alias p0 PromptDefault
Set-Alias p-default PromptDefault
Set-Alias p-timer PromptUserAndExecutionTimer # Using this as my console default
Set-Alias p-short PromptShortenPath
Set-Alias p-trunc PromptTruncatedPaths
Set-Alias p-uptime PromptTimeUptime
Set-Alias p-broken PromptSlightlyBroken
# View current prompt with: (get-item function:prompt).scriptblock or cat function:\prompt