什么 运行 ExampleUnitTest 但找不到 ExampleInstrumentedTest?

What would run ExampleUnitTest but not find ExampleInstrumentedTest?

Android 工作室:3.6.1 Gradle: gradle-5.6.4-全部

我准备测试我的应用程序,发现 Android Studio 生成示例单元和仪器测试。因此,我右键单击 ExampleUnitTest、select 运行,它运行得很好。但是,当我为 ExampleInstrumentedTest 执行此操作时,它失败并显示以下错误消息:

进程已完成,退出代码为 1 Class 未找到:"com.example.jbiss.petminder.ExampleInstrumentedTest"

但是,ExampleInstrumentedTest 位于默认的 androidTest 路径中 (...\app\src\androidTest\java\com\example\jbiss\petminder) 和 ExampleUnitTest 位于默认的 test 路径 (...\app\src\test\java\com\example\jbiss\petminder).

虽然我更改了自动生成的 Android Studio 源以开始尝试测试编码,但这应该与未找到 Class 无关:"com.example.jbiss.petminder.ExampleInstrumentedTest" 错误。这是我修改后的代码(使用自动生成的 ExampleInstrumentedTest 代码作为基线):

package com.example.jbiss.petminder;

import android.content.Context;

import com.example.jbiss.petminder.activities.MainActivity;

import androidx.test.espresso.accessibility.AccessibilityChecks;
import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
import androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static androidx.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static androidx.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static androidx.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withContentDescription;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

/**
* Instrumentation test, which will execute on an Android device.
*
* @see <a href="http://d.android.com/tools/testing">Testing documentation</a>
*/
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@SmallTest
public class ExampleInstrumentedTest {

@Before
public void setUp(){
AccessibilityChecks.enable();
}

@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mMainActivityActivityTestRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

@Test
public void useAppContext() throws Exception {
// Context of the app under test.
Context appContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();

assertEquals("com.example.jbiss.petminder", appContext.getPackageName());
onView(withId(R.id.action_add_pet)).perform(click()).check(matches(withContentDescription(R.layout.activity_add_pet)));
}
}

这是我应用程序的 build.gradle 文件:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
compileSdkVersion 28
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/DEPENDENCIES'
}
buildToolsVersion '28.0.3'
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.jbiss.petminder"
minSdkVersion 24
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}

compileOptions {
encoding "UTF-8"
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}

dataBinding {
enabled = true
}

// Gradle automatically adds 'android.test.runner' as a dependency.
useLibrary 'android.test.runner'

useLibrary 'android.test.base'
useLibrary 'android.test.mock'

testOptions {
unitTests.includeAndroidResources = true
}
}

dependencies {
def nav_version = "2.3.0-alpha03"

implementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:1.0.0"
implementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:1.0.0"

// Java language implementation: navigation
implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment:$nav_version"
implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-ui:$nav_version"

// Dynamic Feature Module Support
implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-dynamic-features-fragment:$nav_version"

// Testing Navigation
androidTestImplementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-testing:$nav_version"

// use -ktx for Kotlin
implementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-ui:$nav_version"

// use -ktx for Kotlin

//noinspection GradleCompatible
implementation 'com.android.support:support-v4:28.1.0'
implementation
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.1.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
implementation 'com.android.support:design:28.1.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:28.1.0'
implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:mediarouter-v7:28.1.0'

/**
* directly from https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/adding-components#lifecycle
*/
def lifecycle_version = "2.2.0"
def arch_version = "2.1.0"
def room_version = "2.2.4"

// ViewModel
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel:$lifecycle_version"
// LiveData
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata:$lifecycle_version"
// Lifecycles only (without ViewModel or LiveData)
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:$lifecycle_version"

// Saved state module for ViewModel
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-savedstate:$lifecycle_version"

// Annotation processor
annotationProcessor "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:$lifecycle_version"
// alternately - if using Java8, use the following instead of lifecycle-compiler
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:$lifecycle_version"

// optional - helpers for implementing LifecycleOwner in a Service
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-service:$lifecycle_version"

// optional - ProcessLifecycleOwner provides a lifecycle for the whole application process
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version"

// optional - ReactiveStreams support for LiveData
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams:$lifecycle_version"

// optional - Test helpers for LiveData
testImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$arch_version"

implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams:$lifecycle_version"

// optional - Test helpers for LiveData
testImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$arch_version"
implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:$room_version"
annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version"

// use kapt for Kotlin

// optional - RxJava support for Room

//implementation "androidx.room:room-rxjava2:$room_version"

// optional - Guava support for Room, including Optional and ListenableFuture

//implementation "androidx.room:room-guava:$room_version"

// Test helpers
testImplementation "androidx.room:room-testing:$room_version"
testImplementation 'org.testng:testng:6.9.10'

// Required -- JUnit 4 framework
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
// Optional -- Robolectric environment
testImplementation 'androidx.test:core:1.2.0'
// Optional -- Mockito framework
testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:2.19.0'
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'

implementation 'com.google.api-client:google-api-client:1.30.2'

// Core library
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:core:1.2.0'

// AndroidJUnitRunner and JUnit Rules
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.2.0'

// Assertions
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:1.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'com.google.truth:truth:0.42'

// Espresso dependencies
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:3.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:3.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-accessibility:3.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-web:3.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso.idling:idling-concurrent:3.2.0'

// The following Espresso dependency can be either "implementation"
// or "androidTestImplementation", depending on whether you want the
// dependency to appear on your APK's compile classpath or the test APK
// classpath.
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:3.2.0'
// debugImplementation because LeakCanary should only run in debug builds.
debugImplementation 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android:2.2'
// Optional -- Hamcrest library
androidTestImplementation 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3'
// Optional -- UI testing with UI Automator
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'

}

configurations.all {
resolutionStrategy.eachDependency { DependencyResolveDetails details ->
def requested = details.requested
if (requested.group == 'com.android.support') {
//if (requested.group == "androidx") {
if (!requested.name.startsWith("multidex")) {
details.useVersion '25.3.1'
}
}
}
}

虽然我的代码中可能还有其他问题,但什么会导致找不到现有的 ExampleInstrumentedTest 文件并在该文件中明确说明 public class ExampleInstrumentedTest{}

代码的格式似乎如Build instrumented unit tests

所示

以下未提供答案:

不建议将 androidx.testandroid.support.test/android.test 混用。将 testInstrumentationRunner 更改为以下可以解决问题:

testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

这里有一个 sample 你可以参考使用 androidx.test 作为主要测试框架。

好的。从我对 ahasbini 的讨论中,我发现我可能遇到了一些 gradle 问题。因此,我对 build.gradle 文件进行了以下更改:

发件人:

// Assertions
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:1.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'com.google.truth:truth:0.42'

收件人:

// Assertions
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:1.1.1'{
    exclude group: "com.google.truth", module: "truth"
}
androidTestImplementation 'com.google.truth:truth:0.44'{
   exclude group: "org.checkerframework", module: "checker-compat-qual"
   exclude group: "com.google.errorprone", module: "error_prone_annotations"
}

现在我收到以下错误:

  • 出了什么问题: 评估项目“:app”时出现问题。

    Could not find method androidx.test.ext:truth:1.1.1() for arguments [build_ezdi8oaa9gsnmfo7o2e18xyfx$_run_closure2$_closure11@6b8f394a] on object of type org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.dsl.dependencies.DefaultDependencyHandler.

所以,这似乎是 developer.android.com 中文档的问题,因为我按照其页面上的说明开发我的测试代码,Gradle dependencies 告诉我使用以下内容:

// Assertions
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.0.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:1.0.0'
androidTestImplementation 'com.google.truth:truth:0.42'

此代码导致 "not found" 错误。但是,仍然存在一个问题,因为没有告诉任何人使用那个 {exclude...} 的东西,也没有告诉任何人使用什么版本的 androidx.test.ext:truth 来获取官方文档中的功能代码。请注意,我使用版本 1.1.1,因为 Gradle,在 Android Studio 中,告诉我有一个 "newer version available" for androidx.test.ext:junit.

注意:首先,我的 Instrumented Test 代码没有使用 Truth 方法,所以为什么会发生这种情况是没有意义的。其次,我在搜索当前版本时发现 Truth.dev,并尝试使用他们所说的在 "How to use Truth: Gradle" 中使用的内容,但失败并出现 "Not found..." 错误。

好的。我找到了解决这个问题的方法。我创建了一个新的插桩测试文件并将原始问题文件的内容复制到其中并更改了 class 名称。它运行。我删除了原文件。