Web 抓取使用 python: urlopen returns HTTP 错误 403：禁止访问

Question

我正在尝试使用 urlopen 从 Fragantica.com 下载数据，但即使在更改 user-agent 并添加 headers 之后仍发生错误 ("HTTP Error 403: Forbidden")。我也尝试过这里的代码但没有成功 (http://wolfprojects.altervista.org/changeua.php#problem)。

这是我的代码：

import urllib.request

user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_2) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/13.0.4 Safari/605.1.15'



url = "https://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Tom-Ford/Tobacco-Vanille-1825.html"
headers={'User-Agent':user_agent,} 

request=urllib.request.Request(url,None,headers) #The assembled request
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
data = response.read() # The data u need

这是我遇到的错误：HTTPError: HTTP Error 403: Forbidden

Answer 1

您可能需要指定更多 headers，试试这个：

import urllib.request    

url = "https://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Tom-Ford/Tobacco-Vanille-1825.html"
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_2) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/13.0.4 Safari/605.1.15',
       'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
       'Accept-Charset': 'ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3',
       'Accept-Encoding': 'none',
       'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.8',
       'Connection': 'keep-alive'} 

request=urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=headers) #The assembled request
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
data = response.read() # The data u need

Web 抓取使用 python: urlopen returns HTTP 错误 403：禁止访问

Web scraping using python: urlopen returns HTTP Error 403: Forbidden

python

urlopen

python-requests