如何使用 URLSession post 此 JSON 数据作为 HTTP 正文?
How to post this JSON data as HTTP body using URLSession?
JSON我要post:
{
"quizId": 1,
"quizQuestionBanks": [
{
"quizQuestionBankId": 4,
"question": "string",
"option1": "string",
"option2": "string",
"option3": "string",
"option4": "string",
"answer": "Guy de Maupassant",
"explanation": "string"
}
]
}
我做了 URLSession Post 部分。但是不知道如何post这种JSON。早些时候我已经 posted JSON 像这样。
let json: [String: Any] = ["key": "value"]
但这对我来说有点复杂。
下面给出了我为 posting 编写的代码
let url = URL(string: postUrl)! //PUT Your URL
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("\(String(describing: jsonData?.count))", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Length")
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.addValue("Token \(String(describing: token))", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")
// insert json data to the request
request.httpBody = jsonData
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
guard let data = data, error == nil else {
print(error?.localizedDescription ?? "No data")
return
}
let responseJSON = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
if let responseJSON = responseJSON as? [String: Any] {
print(responseJSON) //Code after Successfull POST Request
}
}.resume()
与JSONSerialization
:
let params: [String: Any] = ["quizId": 1,
"quizQuestionBanks": [["quizQuestionBankId": 4,
"question": "string",
"option1": "string",
"option2": "string",
"option3": "string",
"option4": "string",
"answer": "Guy de Maupassant",
"explanation": "string"]]]
let jsonData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: params)
但是,由于 Swift 4,我们可以使用 Codable:
struct Quiz: Codable {
let id: Int
let questions: [Question]
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case id = "quizId"
case questions = "quizQuestionBanks"
}
}
struct Question: Codable {
let id: Int
let question: String
let option1: String
let option2: String
let option3: String
let option4: String
let answer: String
let explanation: String
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case id = "quizQuestionBankId"
case question
case option1
case option2
case option3
case option4
case answer
case explanation
}
}
let questions = [Question(id: 4, question: "string", option1: "string", option2: "string", option3: "string", option4: "string", answer: "Guy de Maupassant", explanation: "string")]
let quiz = Quiz(id: 1, questions: questions)
let jsonData = try JSONEncoder().encode(quiz)
option1
、option2
、option3
、option4
可以是结构中的数组(需要自定义 encoding/decoding)。
准备 JSON 数据上传
struct Quiz: Codable {
let quizId: Int
let quizQuestionBanks: [QuizQuestionBank]
}
struct QuizQuestionBank: Codable {
let quizQuestionBankId: Int
let question: String
let option1: String
let option2: String
let option3: String
let option4: String
let answer: String
let explanation: String
}
let quiz = Quiz(quizId: 1, quizQuestionBanks: [QuizQuestionBank(quizQuestionBankId: 4, question: "string", option1: "string", option2: "string", option3: "string", option4: "string", answer: "Guy de Maupassant", explanation: "string")])
guard let uploadData = try? JSONEncoder().encode(quiz) else {
return
}
配置URL请求
let url = URL(string: "https://example.com/post")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
使用上传任务
let task = URLSession.shared.uploadTask(with: request, from: uploadData) { data, response, error in
if let error = error {
print ("error: \(error)")
return
}
guard let response = response as? HTTPURLResponse,
(200...299).contains(response.statusCode) else {
print ("server error")
return
}
if let mimeType = response.mimeType,
mimeType == "application/json",
let data = data,
let dataString = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {
print ("got data: \(dataString)")
}
}
task.resume()
请参阅 Apple 开发者网站 中的 link 了解更多详细信息。
https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/url_loading_system/uploading_data_to_a_website
JSON我要post:
{
"quizId": 1,
"quizQuestionBanks": [
{
"quizQuestionBankId": 4,
"question": "string",
"option1": "string",
"option2": "string",
"option3": "string",
"option4": "string",
"answer": "Guy de Maupassant",
"explanation": "string"
}
]
}
我做了 URLSession Post 部分。但是不知道如何post这种JSON。早些时候我已经 posted JSON 像这样。
let json: [String: Any] = ["key": "value"]
但这对我来说有点复杂。
下面给出了我为 posting 编写的代码
let url = URL(string: postUrl)! //PUT Your URL
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("\(String(describing: jsonData?.count))", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Length")
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.addValue("Token \(String(describing: token))", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")
// insert json data to the request
request.httpBody = jsonData
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
guard let data = data, error == nil else {
print(error?.localizedDescription ?? "No data")
return
}
let responseJSON = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
if let responseJSON = responseJSON as? [String: Any] {
print(responseJSON) //Code after Successfull POST Request
}
}.resume()
与JSONSerialization
:
let params: [String: Any] = ["quizId": 1,
"quizQuestionBanks": [["quizQuestionBankId": 4,
"question": "string",
"option1": "string",
"option2": "string",
"option3": "string",
"option4": "string",
"answer": "Guy de Maupassant",
"explanation": "string"]]]
let jsonData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: params)
但是,由于 Swift 4,我们可以使用 Codable:
struct Quiz: Codable {
let id: Int
let questions: [Question]
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case id = "quizId"
case questions = "quizQuestionBanks"
}
}
struct Question: Codable {
let id: Int
let question: String
let option1: String
let option2: String
let option3: String
let option4: String
let answer: String
let explanation: String
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case id = "quizQuestionBankId"
case question
case option1
case option2
case option3
case option4
case answer
case explanation
}
}
let questions = [Question(id: 4, question: "string", option1: "string", option2: "string", option3: "string", option4: "string", answer: "Guy de Maupassant", explanation: "string")]
let quiz = Quiz(id: 1, questions: questions)
let jsonData = try JSONEncoder().encode(quiz)
option1
、option2
、option3
、option4
可以是结构中的数组(需要自定义 encoding/decoding)。
准备 JSON 数据上传
struct Quiz: Codable {
let quizId: Int
let quizQuestionBanks: [QuizQuestionBank]
}
struct QuizQuestionBank: Codable {
let quizQuestionBankId: Int
let question: String
let option1: String
let option2: String
let option3: String
let option4: String
let answer: String
let explanation: String
}
let quiz = Quiz(quizId: 1, quizQuestionBanks: [QuizQuestionBank(quizQuestionBankId: 4, question: "string", option1: "string", option2: "string", option3: "string", option4: "string", answer: "Guy de Maupassant", explanation: "string")])
guard let uploadData = try? JSONEncoder().encode(quiz) else {
return
}
配置URL请求
let url = URL(string: "https://example.com/post")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
使用上传任务
let task = URLSession.shared.uploadTask(with: request, from: uploadData) { data, response, error in
if let error = error {
print ("error: \(error)")
return
}
guard let response = response as? HTTPURLResponse,
(200...299).contains(response.statusCode) else {
print ("server error")
return
}
if let mimeType = response.mimeType,
mimeType == "application/json",
let data = data,
let dataString = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {
print ("got data: \(dataString)")
}
}
task.resume()
请参阅 Apple 开发者网站 中的 link 了解更多详细信息。 https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/url_loading_system/uploading_data_to_a_website