Elasticsearch 部分查询

Question

我正在使用 Elasticsearch v 7.3.1 并尝试实现部分搜索。所有搜索都进行得很顺利，但是当我查询“John Oxford”时，"John" 与文档匹配，但没有“Oxford”在整个文档中。但仍然显示文档而不是显示空结果。

我该怎么做，才能在我们查询John Oxford时不return文档？

我的映射、设置、示例文档和学生数据查询如下。

映射

PUT student
{
  "settings": {
    "analysis": {
      "filter": {
        "autocomplete_filter": {
          "type": "edge_ngram",
          "min_gram": 1,
          "max_gram": 20
        }
      },
      "analyzer": {
        "autocomplete": { 
          "type": "custom",
          "tokenizer": "standard",
          "filter": [
            "lowercase",
            "autocomplete_filter"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }, "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "DOB" : {
          "type" : "text"
        },
        "email" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "first_name" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "home_phone" : {
          "type" : "text"
        },
        "last_name" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "student_id" : {
          "type" : "text"
        }
      }
    }
}

示例文档

POST student/_doc
{
    "DOB": "1983-12-04",
    "email": "johndoe@gmail.fr",
    "first_name": "john",
    "home_phone": 1242432,
    "last_name": "doe",
    "student_id": 28

}

查询

GET student/_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match": {
      "query": "john oxford",
      "type": "bool_prefix",
      "analyzer": "standard",
      "fields": [
        "first_name",
        "last_name",
        "email",
        "DOB",
        "home_phone",
        "student_id"
      ]
    }
  }
}

下面是我想要的结果

1242 - 部分匹配 home_phone
joh do - 部分匹配 "John" 和 "Doe"
1983-12-04 - 匹配出生日期
johndoe - 电子邮件部分匹配
doe - 匹配姓氏

Answer 1

要实施部分搜索，您应该将特定的 autocomplete analyzer 添加到所需的文本字段并实施特定的 search_analyzer，因为您使用的是 edgengram 过滤器 - 请阅读 here and here 进行解释。这比在查询期间指定分析器更舒服，就像您所做的那样。尝试：

PUT student
{
  "settings": {
    "analysis": {
      "filter": {
        "autocomplete_filter": {
          "type": "edge_ngram",
          "min_gram": 1,
          "max_gram": 20
        }
      },
      "analyzer": {
        "autocomplete": { 
          "type": "custom",
          "tokenizer": "standard",
          "filter": [
            "lowercase",
            "autocomplete_filter"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }, "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "DOB" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "analyzer": "autocomplete",
          "search_analyzer": "standard"
        },
        "email" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "analyzer": "autocomplete",
          "search_analyzer": "standard",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "first_name" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "analyzer": "autocomplete",
          "search_analyzer": "standard",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "home_phone" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "analyzer": "autocomplete",
          "search_analyzer": "standard"
        },
        "last_name" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "analyzer": "autocomplete",
          "search_analyzer": "standard",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "student_id" : {
          "type" : "text"
        }
      }
    }
}

然后当您查询两个术语的自动完成时，您应该将它们与 and 运算符连接起来。对于您的用例 cross-field 类型应该是最好的：

GET student/_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match" : {
      "query":      "John Oxford",
      "type":       "cross_fields",
      "fields": [
        "first_name",
        "last_name",
        "email",
        "DOB",
        "home_phone",
        "student_id"
      ],
      "operator":   "and" 
    }
  }
}

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