Oracle SQL 违反唯一约束
Oracle SQL Unique Constraint Violated
我需要创建 table 和输入值。插入时除了两行之外的所有行都给我一个错误，Unique Constraint Violated。 DEPT_LOCATIONS table 中的最后一行和 DEPENDENT table 中倒数第二行。我不确定为什么不添加这些行，因为同一 table 中的其他行添加了。
到目前为止，这是我的代码：
/*Create Employee Table/*
create table EMPLOYEE(FNAME varchar(30), MINIT varchar(5), LNAME varchar(30), SSN varchar(10) PRIMARY KEY, BDATE varchar(30), ADDRESS varchar(30), SEX varchar(5), SALARY NUMERIC(10,0),
SUPERSSN varchar(30),DNO varchar(30));
/*Insert values into Employee Table/*
insert into EMPLOYEE values('John','B','Smith','123456789','1965-01-09','731 Fonden, Houston, TX','M', 30000,'333445555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Franklin','T','Wong','333445555','1955-12-08','638 Voss, Houston, TX','M', 40000,'888665555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Alice','J','Zelaya','999887777','1968-01-19','3321 Castle, Spring, TX','F', 25000,'987654321','4');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Jennifer','S','Walace','987654321','1941-06-20','291 Berry, Bellaire, TX','F', 43000,'888665555','4');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Ramesh','K','Narayan','666884444','1962-09-15','975 Fire Oak, Humble, TX','M', 38000,'333445555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Joyce','A','English','453453453','1972-07-31','5631 Rice, Houston, TX','F', 25000,'333445555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Ahmed','V','Jabbar','987987987','1969-03-29','980 Dallas, Houston, TX','M', 25000,'987654321','4');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('James','E','Bong','888665555','1937-11-10','450 Stone, Houston, TX','M', 55000,'null','1');
/*Create Department Table*/
create table DEPARTMENT(DNAME varchar(30), DNUMBER varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY, MGRSSN varchar(30), MGRSTARTDATE varchar(30));
/*Insert values into Department Table*/
insert into DEPARTMENT values('Research', '5', '333445555', '1988-05-22');
insert into DEPARTMENT values('Administration', '4', '987654321', '1995-01-01');
insert into DEPARTMENT values('Headquarters', '1', '888665555', '1981-06-19');
/*Create Department Location Table*/
create table DEPT_LOCATIONS(DNUMBER varchar(30) REFERENCES DEPARTMENT(DNUMBER), DLOCATION varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY);
/*Insert values into Department Location Table*/
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('1', 'Houston');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('4', 'Stafford');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Bellarire');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Sugarland');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Houston');
/*Create Project Table*/
create table PROJECT(PNAME varchar(30), PNUMBER varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY, PLOCATION varchar(30), DNUM varchar(30) REFERENCES DEPARTMENT(DNUMBER));
/*Insert values into Project Table*/
insert into PROJECT values('ProductX', '1', 'Bellaire', '5');
insert into PROJECT values('ProductY', '2', 'Sugarland', '5');
insert into PROJECT values('ProductZ', '3', 'Houston', '5');
insert into PROJECT values('Computerization', '10', 'Stafford', '4');
insert into PROJECT values('Reorganization', '20', 'Houston', '1');
insert into PROJECT values('Newbenefits', '30', 'Stafford', '4');
/*Create Works On table*/
create table WORKS_ON(ESSN varchar(30) REFERENCES EMPLOYEE(SSN), PNO varchar(30) REFERENCES PROJECT(PNUMBER), HOURS numeric(5, 1));
/*Insert values into Works on Table*/
insert into WORKS_ON values('123456789', '1', 32.5);
insert into WORKS_ON values('123456789', '2', 7.5);
insert into WORKS_ON values('666884444', '3', 40.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('453453453', '1', 20.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('453453453', '2', 20.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '2', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '3', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '10', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '20', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('999887777', '30', 30.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('999887777', '10', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987987987', '10', 35.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987987987', '30', 5.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987654321', '30', 20.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987654321', '20', 15.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('888665555', '20', null);
/*Create Dependent table*/
create table DEPENDENT(ESSN varchar(30) REFERENCES EMPLOYEE(SSN), DEPENDENT_NAME varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY, SEX varchar(30), BDATE varchar(30), RELATIONSHIP varchar(30));
/*Insert values into Dependent Table*/
insert into DEPENDENT values('333445555', 'Alice', 'F', '1986-04-05', 'Daughter');
insert into DEPENDENT values('333445555', 'Theodore', 'M', '1983-10-25', 'Son');
insert into DEPENDENT values('333445555', 'Joy', 'F', '1958-05-03', 'Spouse');
insert into DEPENDENT values('987654321', 'Abner', 'M', '1942-02-28', 'Spouse');
insert into DEPENDENT values('123456789', 'Michael', 'M', '1988-01-04', 'Son');
insert into DEPENDENT values('123456789', 'Alice', 'F', '1988-12-30', 'Daughter');
insert into DEPENDENT values('123456789', 'Elizabeth', 'F', '1967-05-05', 'Spouse');
table 应如下所示：
enter image description here
enter image description here
有人可以帮我理解这是怎么回事吗？
谢谢
在这两种情况下，您都违反了 table 的主键，它必须是唯一的。 "Houston" 重复 DEPT_LOCATIONS，"Alice" 重复 DEPENDENTS。
DLOCATION varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('1', 'Houston');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Houston');
DLOCATION 列是 主键 ，但您试图插入 重复值 'Houston'进入table。因此它抛出 unique constraint violated 错误。为了克服这个问题，您可以将其创建为 复合主键 以及 DNUMBER 和 DLOCATION 一起作为：
CONSTRAINT pk_num_loc PRIMARY KEY (DNUMBER, DLOCATION)
DDL 和插入：
/*Create Department Location Table*/
CREATE TABLE dept_locations (
dnumber VARCHAR(30)
REFERENCES department ( dnumber ),
dlocation VARCHAR(30),
CONSTRAINT pk_num_loc PRIMARY KEY ( dnumber, dlocation ));
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('1', 'Houston');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('4', 'Stafford');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Bellarire');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Sugarland');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Houston');
SELECT * FROM dept_locations;
输出：
DNUMBER DLOCATION
------- ------------------------------
1 Houston
4 Stafford
5 Bellarire
5 Houston
5 Sugarland
同样，您需要对其余因唯一约束错误而失败的 table 执行相同的操作。
我需要创建 table 和输入值。插入时除了两行之外的所有行都给我一个错误，Unique Constraint Violated。 DEPT_LOCATIONS table 中的最后一行和 DEPENDENT table 中倒数第二行。我不确定为什么不添加这些行，因为同一 table 中的其他行添加了。
到目前为止，这是我的代码：
/*Create Employee Table/*
create table EMPLOYEE(FNAME varchar(30), MINIT varchar(5), LNAME varchar(30), SSN varchar(10) PRIMARY KEY, BDATE varchar(30), ADDRESS varchar(30), SEX varchar(5), SALARY NUMERIC(10,0),
SUPERSSN varchar(30),DNO varchar(30));
/*Insert values into Employee Table/*
insert into EMPLOYEE values('John','B','Smith','123456789','1965-01-09','731 Fonden, Houston, TX','M', 30000,'333445555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Franklin','T','Wong','333445555','1955-12-08','638 Voss, Houston, TX','M', 40000,'888665555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Alice','J','Zelaya','999887777','1968-01-19','3321 Castle, Spring, TX','F', 25000,'987654321','4');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Jennifer','S','Walace','987654321','1941-06-20','291 Berry, Bellaire, TX','F', 43000,'888665555','4');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Ramesh','K','Narayan','666884444','1962-09-15','975 Fire Oak, Humble, TX','M', 38000,'333445555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Joyce','A','English','453453453','1972-07-31','5631 Rice, Houston, TX','F', 25000,'333445555','5');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('Ahmed','V','Jabbar','987987987','1969-03-29','980 Dallas, Houston, TX','M', 25000,'987654321','4');
insert into EMPLOYEE values('James','E','Bong','888665555','1937-11-10','450 Stone, Houston, TX','M', 55000,'null','1');
/*Create Department Table*/
create table DEPARTMENT(DNAME varchar(30), DNUMBER varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY, MGRSSN varchar(30), MGRSTARTDATE varchar(30));
/*Insert values into Department Table*/
insert into DEPARTMENT values('Research', '5', '333445555', '1988-05-22');
insert into DEPARTMENT values('Administration', '4', '987654321', '1995-01-01');
insert into DEPARTMENT values('Headquarters', '1', '888665555', '1981-06-19');
/*Create Department Location Table*/
create table DEPT_LOCATIONS(DNUMBER varchar(30) REFERENCES DEPARTMENT(DNUMBER), DLOCATION varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY);
/*Insert values into Department Location Table*/
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('1', 'Houston');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('4', 'Stafford');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Bellarire');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Sugarland');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Houston');
/*Create Project Table*/
create table PROJECT(PNAME varchar(30), PNUMBER varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY, PLOCATION varchar(30), DNUM varchar(30) REFERENCES DEPARTMENT(DNUMBER));
/*Insert values into Project Table*/
insert into PROJECT values('ProductX', '1', 'Bellaire', '5');
insert into PROJECT values('ProductY', '2', 'Sugarland', '5');
insert into PROJECT values('ProductZ', '3', 'Houston', '5');
insert into PROJECT values('Computerization', '10', 'Stafford', '4');
insert into PROJECT values('Reorganization', '20', 'Houston', '1');
insert into PROJECT values('Newbenefits', '30', 'Stafford', '4');
/*Create Works On table*/
create table WORKS_ON(ESSN varchar(30) REFERENCES EMPLOYEE(SSN), PNO varchar(30) REFERENCES PROJECT(PNUMBER), HOURS numeric(5, 1));
/*Insert values into Works on Table*/
insert into WORKS_ON values('123456789', '1', 32.5);
insert into WORKS_ON values('123456789', '2', 7.5);
insert into WORKS_ON values('666884444', '3', 40.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('453453453', '1', 20.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('453453453', '2', 20.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '2', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '3', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '10', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('333445555', '20', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('999887777', '30', 30.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('999887777', '10', 10.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987987987', '10', 35.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987987987', '30', 5.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987654321', '30', 20.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('987654321', '20', 15.0);
insert into WORKS_ON values('888665555', '20', null);
/*Create Dependent table*/
create table DEPENDENT(ESSN varchar(30) REFERENCES EMPLOYEE(SSN), DEPENDENT_NAME varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY, SEX varchar(30), BDATE varchar(30), RELATIONSHIP varchar(30));
/*Insert values into Dependent Table*/
insert into DEPENDENT values('333445555', 'Alice', 'F', '1986-04-05', 'Daughter');
insert into DEPENDENT values('333445555', 'Theodore', 'M', '1983-10-25', 'Son');
insert into DEPENDENT values('333445555', 'Joy', 'F', '1958-05-03', 'Spouse');
insert into DEPENDENT values('987654321', 'Abner', 'M', '1942-02-28', 'Spouse');
insert into DEPENDENT values('123456789', 'Michael', 'M', '1988-01-04', 'Son');
insert into DEPENDENT values('123456789', 'Alice', 'F', '1988-12-30', 'Daughter');
insert into DEPENDENT values('123456789', 'Elizabeth', 'F', '1967-05-05', 'Spouse');
table 应如下所示： enter image description here
enter image description here
有人可以帮我理解这是怎么回事吗？ 谢谢
在这两种情况下，您都违反了 table 的主键，它必须是唯一的。 "Houston" 重复 DEPT_LOCATIONS，"Alice" 重复 DEPENDENTS。
DLOCATION varchar(30) PRIMARY KEY
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('1', 'Houston');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Houston');
DLOCATION 列是 主键 ，但您试图插入 重复值 'Houston'进入table。因此它抛出 unique constraint violated 错误。为了克服这个问题，您可以将其创建为 复合主键 以及 DNUMBER 和 DLOCATION 一起作为：
CONSTRAINT pk_num_loc PRIMARY KEY (DNUMBER, DLOCATION)
DDL 和插入：
/*Create Department Location Table*/
CREATE TABLE dept_locations (
dnumber VARCHAR(30)
REFERENCES department ( dnumber ),
dlocation VARCHAR(30),
CONSTRAINT pk_num_loc PRIMARY KEY ( dnumber, dlocation ));
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('1', 'Houston');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('4', 'Stafford');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Bellarire');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Sugarland');
insert into DEPT_LOCATIONS values('5', 'Houston');
SELECT * FROM dept_locations;
输出：
DNUMBER DLOCATION
------- ------------------------------
1 Houston
4 Stafford
5 Bellarire
5 Houston
5 Sugarland
同样，您需要对其余因唯一约束错误而失败的 table 执行相同的操作。