将 VBA 中的多个参数传递给运行一个 Python 脚本

Question

通过 VBA，我想执行启动 Python 脚本的 shell 命令。

Private Type STARTUPINFO
  cb As Long
  lpReserved As String
  lpDesktop As String
  lpTitle As String
  dwX As Long
  dwY As Long
  dwXSize As Long
  dwYSize As Long
  dwXCountChars As Long
  dwYCountChars As Long
  dwFillAttribute As Long
  dwFlags As Long
  wShowWindow As Integer
  cbReserved2 As Integer
  lpReserved2 As Long
  hStdInput As Long
  hStdOutput As Long
  hStdError As Long
End Type

Private Type PROCESS_INFORMATION
  hProcess As Long
  hThread As Long
  dwProcessID As Long
  dwThreadID As Long
End Type

Private Declare Function WaitForSingleObject Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
  hHandle As Long, ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function CreateProcessA Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
  lpApplicationName As Long, ByVal lpCommandLine As String, ByVal _
  lpProcessAttributes As Long, ByVal lpThreadAttributes As Long, _
  ByVal bInheritHandles As Long, ByVal dwCreationFlags As Long, _
  ByVal lpEnvironment As Long, ByVal lpCurrentDirectory As Long, _
  lpStartupInfo As STARTUPINFO, lpProcessInformation As _
  PROCESS_INFORMATION) As Long

Private Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
  hObject As Long) As Long

Private Const NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = &H20&
Private Const INFINITE = -1&

Public Sub ExecScript(cmdline As String)
  Dim proc As PROCESS_INFORMATION
  Dim start As STARTUPINFO
  Dim ReturnValue As Integer

  'Initialize the STARTUPINFO structure:
  start.cb = Len(start)

  'Start the shelled application:
  ReturnValue = CreateProcessA(0&, cmdline$, 0&, 0&, 1&, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, 0&, 0&, start, proc)

  'Wait for the shelled application to finish:
  Do
    ReturnValue = WaitForSingleObject(proc.hProcess, 0)
    DoEvents
  Loop Until ReturnValue <> 258

  ReturnValue = CloseHandle(proc.hProcess)

End Sub 

Public Function DataFormatting(inputData As Variant) As String
  Dim dataRank As Integer

  DataFormatting = "["
  For dataRank = 0 To UBound(inputData)
    inputData(dataRank) = Replace(inputData(dataRank), " ", "")
    If dataRank = 0 Then
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "\`" & """" & inputData(dataRank) & "\`" & """"
    Else
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & ",\`" & """" & inputData(dataRank) & "\`" & """"
    End If
  Next dataRank
  DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "]" & """"
End Function

Public Sub RunPython()
  Dim oCmd as String, scriptPath as String, scriptName as String, campaign as String, datas as String 

  scriptPath = ActiveWorkbook.Path & "\Scripts\"
  scriptName = "EngineExecution.py"
  campaign = "Nom de la campagne"
  planningPeriods = checkboxSelected
  datas = DataFormatting(planningPeriods)

  oCmd = "pythonw.exe " & scriptPath & scriptName & " " & """" & campaign & """" & " " & """" & datas
  Call ExecScript(oCmd)
End Sub

当我用 PowerShell 执行这个命令时，它可以工作，但不能用 VBA。

python .\EngineExecution.py "Nom de la campagne" "[\`"12/10/2020-18/10/2020\`",\`"05/10/2020-11/10/2020\`"]"

这是我的 Python 代码的开始。也许这就是错误的来源？

import sys
import json

campaign = sys.argv[1]
ppSelected = json.loads(sys.argv[2])

你能帮我让它与 VBA 一起正常工作吗？

提前致谢

Answer 1

从VBA调用外部命令非常简单，不需要您大量创建进程。简单地说，调用 Shell 甚至用数组更干净地构建命令行参数。下面更新您的 RunPython 子例程，假设所有参数都已正确指定：

Public Sub RunPython()
    Dim args(0 To 3) As String
    Dim pyCmd As String
    Dim i As Integer

    args(0) = "python"
    args(1) = ActiveWorkbook.Path & "\Scripts\EngineExecution.py"
    args(2) = "Nom de la campagne"
    args(3) = DataFormatting(checkboxSelected)

    pyCmd = args(0)
    For i = 1 To UBound(args)
        pyCmd = pyCmd & " """ & args(i) & """"
    Next i        
    Debug.Print pyCmd                                ' CHECK COMMAND LINE CALL

    'RUN PYTHON SCRIPT WITH ARGS
    Shell pyCmd, vbNormalFocus
End Sub

Answer 2

谢谢大家的帮助。该错误实际上来自 DataFormatting 函数对变量 'datas' 的格式化。下面是有效的代码。

Public Function DataFormatting(inputData As Variant) As String
  Dim dataRank As Integer

  DataFormatting = "["
  For dataRank = 0 To UBound(inputData)
    If dataRank = 0 Then
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & """""" & inputData(dataRank) & """"""
    Else
      DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "," & """""" & inputData(dataRank) & """"""
    End If
  Next dataRank
  DataFormatting = DataFormatting & "]"
End Function

将 VBA 中的多个参数传递给运行一个 Python 脚本

Pass in multiple arguments in VBA to run a Python script

python

vba

powershell

quotes

将 VBA 中的多个参数传递给 运行 一个 Python 脚本

Pass in multiple arguments in VBA to run a Python script

python

vba

powershell

quotes

将 VBA 中的多个参数传递给运行一个 Python 脚本