iTerm2：如何从远程会话触发本地命令？

Question

iTerm2 shell integration 有一些巧妙的技巧，比如它的 it2copy 命令，即使我通过 ssh 登录到远程机器，它也会复制到本地剪贴板。

它可以用于运行任意shell命令吗？

例如，当我通过 ssh 登录时，我想执行命令以在我的本地计算机上打开一个编辑器。 VSCode 可以用这个命令打开远程目录:

code --remote ssh-remote+myserver /home/stuart/some-directory

我想从远程计算机上的 ssh 会话在本地触发该命令。

PS -- 我知道有一个替代方案：创建一个（嵌套的）ssh 连接 back 到我的本地机器以通过 ssh 执行命令，而不是使用iTerm2 的后台通道。但这有各种缺点，因此这个问题。

我也知道 ~/.ssh/config 中的 PermitLocalCommand 选项，它允许我发送转义码 (~C)，然后是本地命令 (!code --remote ...).但我希望有一个可以在脚本或 bash 别名中使用的解决方案。

例如，如果 it2local 存在，我会这样使用它：

alias code_here='it2local "code --remote ssh-remote+$(uname -n) $(pwd)"'

如果仅通过 ssh 就可以做到这一点，我很想听听。

Answer 1

正确的方法是通过 iTerm2 Triggers，只要终端输出中出现特定模式，它就可以运行任意命令（以及其他选项）。

我上面描述的假设的 it2local 命令只需要向您的终端回显一些预定义的触发模式，以及您要执行的命令。

就我而言，我没有实施通用 it2local 命令。（也许我稍后会更新这个答案。）现在，我已经实现了一个脚本来满足我的特定用例：使用 VSCode 打开远程文件。我使用的代码如下所示。

#!/bin/sh

#
# This file contains the code and instructions to set up an iTerm2 "Trigger" from a
# remote ssh session that will open up VSCode on your local machine to edit a
# file on the remote server over ssh.
#
# Author: Stuart Berg
#         https://github.com/stuarteberg
#         bergs@janelia.hhmi.org
#         

# SETUP OVERVIEW
# --------------
# - Install the VS Code Remote Development Extension Pack
# - Ideally, setup passwordless ssh access to the remote machines you want to access
# - Place this script somewhere on your local machine (and make sure it's executable).
# - Copy the localcode() shell function below into your remote machine's .bashrc
# - Define the Trigger in iTerm2 as defined below.
#
# Notes:
#   Docs for iTerm2 Triggers: https://iterm2.com/documentation-triggers.html
#   Docs for VSCode Remote Extension: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/remote-overview
#   - CLI: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-remote-release/issues/585#issuecomment-536580102

# iTerm2 Preferences Setup
# ------------------------
#
# In your iTerm2 preferences, set up a Trigger (Profiles > Advanced > Triggers > Edit)
#
# Regular Expression:  .*ITERM-TRIGGER-open-with-local-vscode-remote ([^ ]+) ([^ ]+) (([^ ]+ ?)+)
#             Action:  Run Command...
#         Parameters:  /path/to/this/script 
#
# Tip: For additional feedback, try adding a duplicate entry with a "Post Notifcation" action.

# HOW TO TEST
# -----------
#
# NOTE: The new trigger will not be active for already-open terminal sessions.
#       Open a new terminal after you add the trigger to your preferences.
#
# To test it, ssh into the remote machine, and try the 'localcode' function:
#
#   localcode .
#   localcode /some/dir
#   localcode /some/file
#   localcode /some/file remote-machine-name
#
# If something is going wrong, inspect /tmp/iterm-vscode-trigger.log

#
# Put this in your remote ~/.bashrc
#
localcode() (
    # Tell zsh to use bash-style arrays
    setopt ksh_arrays 2> /dev/null || true

    CMD=ITERM-TRIGGER-open-with-local-vscode-remote
    MACHINE=${LOCALCODE_MACHINE-submit}
    FILENAMES=( "$@" )

    if [[ ${#FILENAMES[@]} == 0 ]]; then
        FILENAMES=.
    fi

    if [[ ${#FILENAMES[@]} == 1 && -d ${FILENAMES[0]} ]]; then
            FILENAMES[0]=$(cd ${FILENAMES[0]}; pwd)
            FTYPE=directory
    else
        # Convert filenames to abspaths
        for (( i=0; i < ${#FILENAMES[@]}; i++ )); do
            FN=${FILENAMES[i]}
            if [[ -f ${FN} ]]; then
                DIRNAME=$(cd $(dirname ${FN}); pwd)
                FILENAMES[i]=${DIRNAME}/$(basename ${FN})
                FTYPE=file
            else
                1>&2 echo "Not a valid file: ${FN}"
                exit 1
            fi
        done
    fi

    echo ${CMD} ${FTYPE} ${MACHINE} ${FILENAMES[@]}
)
export -f localcode

#
# Copy this whole file onto your local machine, or at least the following lines.
# Make sure it is executable (chmod +x /path/to/this/script)
#
trigger_vscode_remote_editing() (
    # Tell zsh to use bash-style arrays
    setopt ksh_arrays 2> /dev/null || true

    # The git extension runs 'git status -z -u' on the remote machine,
    # which takes a very long time if the remote directory is a git repo
    # with a lot of untracked files.
    # That can be fixed if you configure .gitignore appropriately,
    # but for my purposes it's easier to just disable git support when editing remote files.
    # If you want git support when using remote SSH, then comment out this line.
    # See: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-remote-release/issues/4073
    VSCODE='/usr/local/bin/code'
    VSCODE="${VSCODE} --disable-extension vscode.git --disable-extension vscode.github --disable-extension waderyan.gitblame"
    LOGFILE=/tmp/iterm-vscode-trigger.log
    FTYPE=
    MACHINE=
    FILEPATHS=( "$@" )
    FILEPATHS=( "${FILEPATHS[@]:2}" )

    TS="["$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")"]"
    echo "${TS} Triggered: ""$@" >> ${LOGFILE}

    # https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-remote-release/issues/585#issuecomment-536580102
    if [[ "${FTYPE}" == "directory" ]]; then
        CMD="${VSCODE} --remote ssh-remote+${MACHINE} ${FILEPATHS[@]}"
        echo "${TS} ${CMD}" >> ${LOGFILE}
        ${CMD}
    elif [[ "${FTYPE}" == "file" ]]; then
        for FN in ${FILEPATHS[@]}; do
            CMD="${VSCODE} --file-uri vscode-remote://ssh-remote+${MACHINE}${FN}"
            echo "${TS} ${CMD}" >> ${LOGFILE}
            ${CMD}
        done
    else
        echo "${TS} Error: Bad arguments." >> ${LOGFILE}
        exit 1
    fi
)

trigger_vscode_remote_editing "$@"

Answer 2

对于仍然想这样做的人：

我的解决方案受到@StuartBerg 的启发。非常感谢。

在iTerm2中，找到触发器：iTerm2 -> Perenfences -> Profiles -> Advanced -> Triggers -> Edit，设置触发器如下（设置后记得重启iTerm2）：

# open a folder
- Regular Expression: ^open this folder in local vscode\(s\):(.+)
- Action: Run Command...
- Parameters: /path/to/your/vscode --folder-uri=vscode-remote://ssh-remote+${your remote ip}

# open a file
- Regular Expression: ^open this file in local vscode\(s\):(.+)
- Action: Run Command...
- Parameters: /path/to/your/vscode --file-uri=vscode-remote://ssh-remote+${your remote ip}

在远程服务器中设置命令别名，通常在~/.bashrc for linux(大多数code别名的行为与本地相同terminal，除了任何不在服务器中存在的文件都不会被打开):

# pay attention to " and '
alias code='func(){
if [[ "" == "." ]]; then
        CODE_PATH=$(pwd | tr -d "\n\r");
else
        if [[ "" == /* ]]; then
                CODE_PATH="";
        else
                CODE_PATH=$(pwd | tr -d "\n\r")/"";
        fi;
fi;
if [[ -d $CODE_PATH ]]; then
        echo open this folder in local vscode"("s")":$CODE_PATH;
else
        if [[ -f $CODE_PATH ]]; then
                echo open this file in local vscode"("s")":$CODE_PATH;
        else
                echo No such file or directory: $CODE_PATH;
        fi;
fi;
};func'

使别名生效：

$ source ${path/to/your/alias/file}

在ssh终端中，cd到你想在本地打开的目录vscode（或者使用绝对路径以/[=44=开头]) 并执行：

# open the current folder $ code . # output: # open this folder in local vscode(s):/folder/you/want/to/open # open a file or a folder in current directory $ code ${filename or folder} # output: # open this file(folder) in local vscode(s):/path/you/want/to/open # open an absolute path, i.e, any path that starts with `/` $ code `/${absolute/path}`

如果您在本地设置远程服务器的 ssh 密钥，那么目录 /path/you/want/to/open 将在您的本地 vscode 中打开。

PS: ^、$s$ 和 '('s')' 是有意添加的，目的是在配置文件和触发器 Regular Expression 之间做一些区别，这样触发器就不会在您时意外触发打开别名配置文件。您可以随意修改它。

iTerm2：如何从远程会话触发本地命令？

iTerm2: How can I trigger a local command from a remote session?

ssh

iterm

iterm2

visual-studio-code

vscode-remote