为什么 Perl DBI 接口无法插入到 Postgres table？

Question

我开发了一个可以将数据格式化为 CSV 格式的 Perl 脚本，想将数据保存到 Postgres 数据库中 table。

我 following this tutorial 作为如何与 Postgres 交互的指南。我在 PPM 中验证我安装了与教程相同的版本：DBI 的 1.634 版本和 DBD::Pg 的 3.5.3 版本安装在 Windows 10 x64 的 Perl 5.22.1 中。数据库是 Windows Server 2008r2 上的 Postgres 12。

Perl 脚本的第一部分读取、解析一条数据记录并将其格式化为 CSV。这是一个 CSV 数据记录的示例：

"2020-05-10 20:39:16+0","0.528239011764526","15:39 05/10/2020","0x1c","LOW STATUS","0x85","Normal","73.8","32","29.11","29.31","61.2","29","80","0.7","2.5","22.6","378.64","3009","7","0.00","0.00","0.97","0.97","11.96"

在进入下面的数据库界面片段之前，它存储在 $SQLstring 中：这是我根据教程修改的代码，编译运行没有错误。

# ------------- Postgres Database Connection --------------

        # Connection config
my $dbname = 'MyDatabase';  
my $host = '192.168.1.1';  
my $port = 5432;  
my $username = 'myuser';  
my $password = 'mypassword';  
        # Create DB handle object by connecting
my $dbh = DBI -> connect("dbi:Pg:dbname=$dbname;host=$host;port=$port",  
                            $username,
                            $password,
                            {AutoCommit => 0, RaiseError => 1}
                         ) or die $DBI::errstr;

# Trace to a file
$dbh -> trace(1, 'tracelog.txt');


# Copy from STDIN into the table
my $SQL = "COPY AmbientWeather (  
                        datetimestamp ,     
                        CurrTime      ,
                        IndoorID      ,
                        inBattSta     ,
                        Outdoor1ID    ,
                        outBattSta1   ,
                        inTemp        ,  
                        inHumi        ,        
                        AbsPress      ,
                        RelPress      ,      
                        outTemp       ,       
                        outHumi       ,       
                        windir        ,        
                        avgwind       ,      
                        gustspeed     ,    
                        dailygust     ,    
                        solarrad      ,     
                        uv            ,          
                        uvi           ,         
                        rainofhourly  , 
                        rainofdaily   , 
                        rainofweekly  , 
                        rainofmonthly ,
                        rainofyearly  
                    )
               FROM STDIN WITH DELIMITER ',' CSV HEADER";

my $sth = $dbh->do($SQL);  


# putcopy data from saved line in CSV format

$dbh->pg_putcopydata($SQLstring);
$dbh->pg_putcopyend();      # finished with one line
$dbh->commit or die $DBI::errstr;
exit;

这运行没有错误，但数据库没有改变。没有创建记录。

这是跟踪日志，没有显示任何table错误，但我不太熟悉语法：

    DBI::db=HASH(0x3c62268) trace level set to 0x0/1 (DBI @ 0x0/0) in DBI 1.634-ithread (pid 19436)
    <- DESTROY(DBI::db=HASH(0x3c62268))= ( undef ) [1 items] at Ambient_Parser.pl line 158
    DBI::db=HASH(0x3c76ca8) trace level set to 0x0/1 (DBI @ 0x0/0) in DBI 1.634-ithread (pid 2108)
    <- do('COPY AmbientWeather (  
                        datetimestamp ,     
                        CurrTime      ,
                        IndoorID      ,
                        inBattSta     ,
                        Outdoor1ID    ,
                        outBattSta1   ,
                        inTemp        ,  
                        inHumi        ,        
                        AbsPress      ,
                        RelPress      ,      
                        outTemp       ,       
                        outHumi       ,       
                        windir        ,        
                        avgwind       ,      
                        gustspeed     ,    
                        dailygust     ,    
                        solarrad      ,     
                        uv            ,          
                        uvi           ,         
                        rainofhourly  , 
                        rainofdaily   , 
                        rainofweekly  , 
                        rainofmonthly ,
                        rainofyearly  
      ...')= ( -1 ) [1 items] at Ambient_Parser.pl line 177
    <- pg_putcopydata('"2020-05-10 20:35:59+0","0.547099113464355","15:35 05/10/2020","0x1c","LOW STATUS","0x85","Normal","73.6","32","29.11","29.31","61.3","24","193","3.8","4.9","22.6","380.54","3082","7","0.00","0.00","0.97","0.97","11.96"
')= ( 1 ) [1 items] at Ambient_Parser.pl line 182
    <- pg_putcopyend= ( 1 ) [1 items] at Ambient_Parser.pl line 183
    <- commit= ( 1 ) [1 items] at Ambient_Parser.pl line 184
    <- DESTROY(DBI::db=HASH(0x3c76ca8))= ( undef ) [1 items] at Ambient_Parser.pl line 193

参考线193是最后的出口；在文件中。

我一定是遗漏了什么，但我看不出是什么。你能指出我的错误吗？

编辑：我将我的 $SQL = "COPY.... 中的教程命令选项与 Postgres COPY command documentation 进行了比较。教程添加了选项 CSV HEADER，这在 Postres 中是看不到的文档。我不确定为什么在教程中使用这些选项，或者为什么它们会导致静默失败。我删除了它们，现在我收到错误。

上面的代码现在看起来像这样：

                rainofyearly  
            )
       FROM STDIN WITH DELIMITER ','";

现在正在输出这些错误：

DBD::Pg::db pg_putcopyend failed: ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type real: ""0.520319223403931""
CONTEXT:  COPY ambientweather, line 1, column fetchelapsed: ""0.520319223403931"" at Ambient_Parser.pl line 186.
DBD::Pg::db pg_putcopyend failed: ERROR:  invalid input syntax for type real: ""0.520319223403931""
CONTEXT:  COPY ambientweather, line 1, column fetchelapsed: ""0.520319223403931"" at Ambient_Parser.pl line 186.
Issuing rollback() due to DESTROY without explicit disconnect() of DBD::Pg::db handle dbname=MyDatabase;host=192.168.1.1;port=5432 at Ambient_Parser.pl line 186.

我正在调查为什么实际值被视为双引号。这与我在 PSQL 命令行中使用 COPY FROM 时使用的 CSV 格式相同，并且如上所示接受了实数。

Answer 1

你告诉它第一行将被忽略 header。但是你只发送了一行。所以没有发送数据线。

CSV 和 HEADER 是单独的选项。这些都（单独）存在于您 link 的文档中。需要保留CSV，否则引号看不懂

为什么 Perl DBI 接口无法插入到 Postgres table？

Why does Perl DBI interface fail to INSERT to Postgres table?

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dbi