Pygame SysFont 未在函数内部呈现
Pygame SysFont not rendering inside of function
我正在制作一个游戏，你每天在森林里砍柴，并通过在屏幕底部放置一个 SysFont 来实现 3 秒后摧毁一棵树的功能，从三秒开始倒计时它会移除树。我绑定了键 Q 来砍倒第一棵树（出于测试目的），但是我没有移除树，也没有 SysFont 倒计时 - 它所做的只是因为 time.sleep(1) 我有放入。完整代码如下：
import pygame
import time
pygame.init()
root = pygame.display.set_mode((603, 573))
pygame.display.set_caption("Homework")
window_is_open = True
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
width = 10
leaves_width = 30
height = 20
leaves_height = 10
x = 0
tree_trunk_x = 10
y = 0
tree_trunk_y = 10
vel = 5
brown = (150, 75, 0)
green = (58, 95, 11)
tree_one_property = True
tree_two_property = True
tree_three_property = True
tree_four_property = True
tree_five_property = True
tree_six_property = True
tree_seven_property = True
tree_eight_property = True
tree_nine_property = True
tree_ten_property = True
tree_eleven_property = True
tree_twelve_property = True
tree_thirteen_property = True
tree_fourteen_property = True
tree_fifteen_property = True
tree_sixteen_property = True
tree_seventeen_property = True
tree_eighteen_property = True
tree_nineteen_property = True
tree_twenty_property = True
tree_twenty_one_property = True
tree_twenty_two_property = True
tree_twenty_three_property = True
tree_twenty_four_property = True
tree_twenty_five_property = True
def create_tree(tree_x, tree_y, tree):
if tree:
trunk_x = tree_x + 10
trunk_y = tree_y + 10
pygame.draw.rect(root, brown, (trunk_x, trunk_y, width, height))
pygame.draw.rect(root, green, (tree_x, tree_y, leaves_width, leaves_height))
def destroy_tree(tree_property_name):
count = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
countdown = count.render('3', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(1)
count = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
countdown = count.render('2', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(1)
count = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
countdown = count.render('1', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(1)
tree_property_name = False
root.fill(white)
while window_is_open:
pygame.time.delay(100)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
window_is_open = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
x += vel
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
x -= vel
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
y -= vel
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
y += vel
if keys[pygame.K_q]:
destroy_tree(tree_one_property)
root.fill(white)
font = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
score = font.render('Score:', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(score, (410, 0))
rectangle = pygame.draw.rect(root, (0, 0, 0), (x, y, width, 10))
tree_one = create_tree(0, 0, tree_one_property)
tree_two = create_tree(50, 0, tree_two_property)
tree_three = create_tree(100, 0, tree_three_property)
tree_four = create_tree(150, 0, tree_four_property)
tree_five = create_tree(200, 0, tree_five_property)
tree_six = create_tree(0, 50, tree_six_property)
tree_seven = create_tree(50, 50, tree_seven_property)
tree_eight = create_tree(100, 50, tree_eight_property)
tree_nine = create_tree(150, 50, tree_nine_property)
tree_ten = create_tree(200, 50, tree_ten_property)
tree_eleven = create_tree(0, 100, tree_eleven_property)
tree_twelve = create_tree(50, 100, tree_twelve_property)
tree_thirteen = create_tree(100, 100, tree_thirteen_property)
tree_fourteen = create_tree(150, 100, tree_fourteen_property)
tree_fifteen = create_tree(200, 100, tree_fifteen_property)
tree_sixteen = create_tree(0, 150, tree_sixteen_property)
tree_seventeen = create_tree(50, 150, tree_seventeen_property)
tree_eighteen = create_tree(100, 150, tree_eighteen_property)
tree_nineteen = create_tree(150, 150, tree_nineteen_property)
tree_twenty = create_tree(200, 150, tree_twenty_property)
tree_twenty_one = create_tree(0, 200, tree_twenty_one_property)
tree_twenty_two = create_tree(50, 200, tree_twenty_two_property)
tree_twenty_three = create_tree(100, 200, tree_twenty_three_property)
tree_twenty_four = create_tree(150, 200, tree_twenty_four_property)
tree_twenty_five = create_tree(200, 200, tree_twenty_five_property)
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
您似乎（几乎）完全从下面 screen.The 行的底部绘制字体：
root = pygame.display.set_mode((603, 573))
...
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
表示您的屏幕高度为573像素。你正在 blit'ing 你的文本，它的顶部是 569，它在屏幕上只有 4 个像素。实际上，这可能意味着文本完全位于屏幕底部。
试着把它移高一点。
事实上你实际上可以像这样得到文本表面的边界框的大小countdown：
text_box_size = countdown.get_size()
参见文档 here。您可以像这样获取文本框的高度和宽度，并使用它来确定您要传递给 blit().
的屏幕底部的偏移量
我已经编辑了这个答案以添加对您评论中询问为什么您的树仍在渲染的问题的回复。在后续评论中添加的内容太多了。
在您的代码中，您有一个方法 def destroy_tree(tree_property_name)，您在其中尝试更新变量 tree_property_name 并将其设为 False。如果变量通过引用传递给函数，那将起作用，但在 python 中，这不是传递参数的方式。因此，当您在方法内将其设置为 False 时，所做的只是更改在方法范围内看到的值。函数调用者看到的值没有改变。
您可以通过查看 How do I pass a variable by reference? 的答案获得更多解释：
如果将树变成 class，您的代码会明显更清晰。它还允许您在将 class 传递给方法时更改 class 中的内部值。
我正在制作一个游戏，你每天在森林里砍柴，并通过在屏幕底部放置一个 SysFont 来实现 3 秒后摧毁一棵树的功能，从三秒开始倒计时它会移除树。我绑定了键 Q 来砍倒第一棵树（出于测试目的），但是我没有移除树，也没有 SysFont 倒计时 - 它所做的只是因为 time.sleep(1) 我有放入。完整代码如下：
import pygame
import time
pygame.init()
root = pygame.display.set_mode((603, 573))
pygame.display.set_caption("Homework")
window_is_open = True
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
width = 10
leaves_width = 30
height = 20
leaves_height = 10
x = 0
tree_trunk_x = 10
y = 0
tree_trunk_y = 10
vel = 5
brown = (150, 75, 0)
green = (58, 95, 11)
tree_one_property = True
tree_two_property = True
tree_three_property = True
tree_four_property = True
tree_five_property = True
tree_six_property = True
tree_seven_property = True
tree_eight_property = True
tree_nine_property = True
tree_ten_property = True
tree_eleven_property = True
tree_twelve_property = True
tree_thirteen_property = True
tree_fourteen_property = True
tree_fifteen_property = True
tree_sixteen_property = True
tree_seventeen_property = True
tree_eighteen_property = True
tree_nineteen_property = True
tree_twenty_property = True
tree_twenty_one_property = True
tree_twenty_two_property = True
tree_twenty_three_property = True
tree_twenty_four_property = True
tree_twenty_five_property = True
def create_tree(tree_x, tree_y, tree):
if tree:
trunk_x = tree_x + 10
trunk_y = tree_y + 10
pygame.draw.rect(root, brown, (trunk_x, trunk_y, width, height))
pygame.draw.rect(root, green, (tree_x, tree_y, leaves_width, leaves_height))
def destroy_tree(tree_property_name):
count = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
countdown = count.render('3', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(1)
count = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
countdown = count.render('2', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(1)
count = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
countdown = count.render('1', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(1)
tree_property_name = False
root.fill(white)
while window_is_open:
pygame.time.delay(100)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
window_is_open = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
x += vel
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
x -= vel
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
y -= vel
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
y += vel
if keys[pygame.K_q]:
destroy_tree(tree_one_property)
root.fill(white)
font = pygame.font.SysFont('Tahoma', 18, True, False)
score = font.render('Score:', True, (0, 0, 0))
root.blit(score, (410, 0))
rectangle = pygame.draw.rect(root, (0, 0, 0), (x, y, width, 10))
tree_one = create_tree(0, 0, tree_one_property)
tree_two = create_tree(50, 0, tree_two_property)
tree_three = create_tree(100, 0, tree_three_property)
tree_four = create_tree(150, 0, tree_four_property)
tree_five = create_tree(200, 0, tree_five_property)
tree_six = create_tree(0, 50, tree_six_property)
tree_seven = create_tree(50, 50, tree_seven_property)
tree_eight = create_tree(100, 50, tree_eight_property)
tree_nine = create_tree(150, 50, tree_nine_property)
tree_ten = create_tree(200, 50, tree_ten_property)
tree_eleven = create_tree(0, 100, tree_eleven_property)
tree_twelve = create_tree(50, 100, tree_twelve_property)
tree_thirteen = create_tree(100, 100, tree_thirteen_property)
tree_fourteen = create_tree(150, 100, tree_fourteen_property)
tree_fifteen = create_tree(200, 100, tree_fifteen_property)
tree_sixteen = create_tree(0, 150, tree_sixteen_property)
tree_seventeen = create_tree(50, 150, tree_seventeen_property)
tree_eighteen = create_tree(100, 150, tree_eighteen_property)
tree_nineteen = create_tree(150, 150, tree_nineteen_property)
tree_twenty = create_tree(200, 150, tree_twenty_property)
tree_twenty_one = create_tree(0, 200, tree_twenty_one_property)
tree_twenty_two = create_tree(50, 200, tree_twenty_two_property)
tree_twenty_three = create_tree(100, 200, tree_twenty_three_property)
tree_twenty_four = create_tree(150, 200, tree_twenty_four_property)
tree_twenty_five = create_tree(200, 200, tree_twenty_five_property)
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
您似乎（几乎）完全从下面 screen.The 行的底部绘制字体：
root = pygame.display.set_mode((603, 573))
...
root.blit(countdown, (590, 569))
表示您的屏幕高度为573像素。你正在 blit'ing 你的文本，它的顶部是 569，它在屏幕上只有 4 个像素。实际上，这可能意味着文本完全位于屏幕底部。
试着把它移高一点。
事实上你实际上可以像这样得到文本表面的边界框的大小countdown：
text_box_size = countdown.get_size()
参见文档 here。您可以像这样获取文本框的高度和宽度，并使用它来确定您要传递给 blit().
我已经编辑了这个答案以添加对您评论中询问为什么您的树仍在渲染的问题的回复。在后续评论中添加的内容太多了。
在您的代码中，您有一个方法 def destroy_tree(tree_property_name)，您在其中尝试更新变量 tree_property_name 并将其设为 False。如果变量通过引用传递给函数，那将起作用，但在 python 中，这不是传递参数的方式。因此，当您在方法内将其设置为 False 时，所做的只是更改在方法范围内看到的值。函数调用者看到的值没有改变。
您可以通过查看 How do I pass a variable by reference? 的答案获得更多解释：
如果将树变成 class，您的代码会明显更清晰。它还允许您在将 class 传递给方法时更改 class 中的内部值。